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151.
Duran Özkök Sibel Silici 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(20):20186-20193
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a by-product of thermal degradation of glucose and fructose. In this study, the effects of high HMF content of honey on biochemical parameters of rats were investigated. Experiments were conducted with 40 Wistar albino male rats, each weighing 250–350 g and covered a period of 5 weeks. The animals were divided into five groups. The first group was served as control group. HMF was injected subcutaneously at a dose of 200 mg/kg rat b.w. to the animals in group 2. Group 3 was fed with honey that contains 10 mg HMF/kg honey. In group 4 and 5, there were honeys that contain significantly high HMF content due to long storage period (181 mg HMF/kg honey) and heat process (140 mg HMF/kg honey). At the end of the feeding process, biochemical blood parameters of rats were investigated. It was observed that there were no differences among the glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, uric acid, Na, GGT, and ALP parameters of the groups. On the other hand, significant differences were observed among the cholesterol, LDL, BUN, creatinine, Ca, P, Mg, K, Cl, total bilirubin, LDH, CPK, AST, ALT, total protein, and pseudocholinesterase values of the rats. The highest adverse effects were obtained from group HMF, and it was followed by groups SH (stored honey) and HH (heated honey). It can be concluded that high HMF content of honey may affect the human health adversely; thus, HMF in honey must be controlled by beekeepers. 相似文献
152.
G?ran St?hl Anna Allard Per-Anders Esseen Anders Glimsk?r Anna Ringvall Johan Svensson Sture Sundquist Pernilla Christensen ?sa Gallegos Torell Mats H?gstr?m Kjell Lagerqvist Liselott Marklund Bj?rn Nilsson Ola Inghe 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,173(1-4):579-595
The landscape-level and multiscale biodiversity monitoring program National Inventory of Landscapes in Sweden (NILS) was launched in 2003. NILS is conducted as a sample-based stratified inventory that acquires data across several spatial scales, which is accomplished by combining aerial photo interpretation with field inventory. A total of 631 sample units are distributed across the land base of Sweden, of which 20% are surveyed each year. By 2007 NILS completed the first 5-year inventory phase. As the reinventory in the second 5-year phase (2008?C2012) proceeds, experiences and insights accumulate and reflections are made on the setup and accomplishment of the monitoring scheme. In this article, the emphasis is placed on background, scope, objectives, design, and experiences of the NILS program. The main objective to collect data for and perform analyses of natural landscape changes, degree of anthropogenic impact, prerequisites for natural biological diversity and ecological processes at landscape scale. Different environmental conditions that can have direct or indirect effects on biological diversity are monitored. The program provides data for national and international policy and offers an infrastructure for other monitoring program and research projects. NILS has attracted significant national and international interest during its relatively short time of existence; the number of stakeholders and cooperation partners steadily increases. This is constructive and strengthens the incentive for the multiscale monitoring approach. 相似文献
153.
Risk is a key topic in the communication between developers of infrastructure projects, permit-granting authorities, and civil society. The nature of risk communication is contested among academics, however. Whereas some scholars conceive of risk communication as a matter of effectively communicating expert knowledge on factual matters to the public, others emphasise the role of symbolic construction and rhetoric. This article analyses how wind farm developers rhetorically construct risks in relation to the environmental impact assessment (EIA) for a large offshore wind farm project. Our analysis is inspired by the New Rhetoric, the theory of argumentation developed by Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (Traité de l'argumentation – la nouvelle rhétorique, Brussels: Éditions des presses de l'université de Bruxelles, 1958). We suggest that the EIA adopt a dual argumentative strategy. The report associates numerous risks with the project by identifying and cataloguing them; however, these risks are also disconnected from the project by being described as nonexistent, negligible, or manageable. We discuss some implications of considering EIAs, not as accounts of reality, but as loci of production for this reality. 相似文献
154.
Mikael Larsson Carl-Erik Grip Hans Ohlsson Staffan Rutqvist Jan-Olov Wikström Sten Ångström 《International Journal of Green Energy》2013,10(2):171-183
During the years 2001–2002, a comprehensive study regarding CO2 emissions related to the steel production for the integrated steel making production route, was carried out. The study was financed by SSAB and carried out by a research group with members from SSAB, MEFOS and LTU. The aim was to study the emissions from the existing system and how these could be influenced by process changes and by process modifications. The calculations were made using a global spreadsheet model for calculating the CO2 emissions, developed from an existing Energy and Process Integration model of the same system. The calculated cases included the existing BF/BOF route as well as integration of other processes, e.g., an electric arc furnace, DR processes, COREX and a new future smelting reduction process concept (Sidcomet). All new existing alternative ore based process technologies would increase the specific CO2 emission from the system. A technology transfer to scrap based metallurgy would significantly decrease the emission level, but is not feasible for SSAB, due to the future product mix and the structure of scrap availability. In a 5–20 year perspective, the existing steel making process route with the use of magnetite ore for pellet production has the lowest specific CO2 emission. In a long-term perspective, 20–50 years, alternative process routes, e.g., based on H2 and DRI, could be of interest. Studies on such changes are, however, big projects and should be carried out as joint European and/or international efforts. 相似文献
155.
Taru Peltola Maria Åkerman Jarkko Bamberg Pauliina Lehtonen Outi Ratamäki 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2018,20(2):157-169
Drawing on the wide social scientific literature on emotions and affects, we highlight the value and potential contribution of the affect theory for understanding public engagement in environmental policy and planning. We suggest that such theorization complements political ontologies that envision concerned publics to arise as citizens are attached to objects and other beings in their everyday life. Focus on emotions and affects enables in-depth exploration of the corporeality of these attachments, increasing understanding about how affected publics get driven for action and how new sensibilities and horizons for action are created. Based on the discussion of affect theory and case examples, we argue that emotions and affects should be treated as crucial carriers of knowledge about transformation of political subjects and their concerns. They also direct analytic gaze beyond public participation procedures and encourage the development of novel, more inclusive settings for public engagement. 相似文献
156.
157.
Common mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) were exposed over a 5-month period to low-level concentrations (0.5 to 1.5 ppm) of a nonionic surfactant. Upon maturation at the end of this period, spawning ability was examined. Fertilization occurred at low-level concentrations (0.1 to 2.0 ppm) of the surfactant, and was most successful for gametes from the long-term controls and the highest long-term concentration (1.5 ppm). Inhibited or delayed larval development was observed, related to the concentration gradient of the short-term exposures. Gametes from mussels long-term exposed to the surfactant were more sensitive than those from the long-term control. 相似文献
158.
Water, Air, &; Soil Pollution: Focus - 相似文献
159.
Lars Rahm Lotta Sturesson Åsa Danielsson Per Sandén 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1995,34(1):13-25
Marine monitoring programmes are seldom planned and realized to fulfil the requirements of the statistical methods used. The
shortcomings of these methods are rarely discussed in the literature. In this work two different methods for trend analysis
are applied to a real case and attention is given to the possible violation of the underlying assumptions. Long-term changes
in oxygen supersaturation in the Baltic Sea are the object of the study. Linear regression and non-parametric methods are
those chosen. The linear regression gave significantly increasing trends of oxygen saturation in Arkona, Eastern Gotland basin
and in the Bothnian Sea, but the tested assumptions turned out to be violated. The corresponding non-parametric trend test
only confirmed the increasing trend in Arkona. It is suggested that non-parametric methods, like the one used in this work,
should be favoured in the future for similar types of marine environmental data. 相似文献
160.
Rasmus Renstad Sigbritt Karlsson Åsa Sandgren Ann-Christine Albertsson 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1998,6(4):209-221
Melt-pressed films of polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with processing additives, CaCO3, SiO2, and erucamide, were subjected to pure fungal cultures Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium simplicissimum and to composting. The PCL films showed a rapid weight loss with a minor reduction in the molecular weight after 45 days in A. fumigatus. The addition of SiO2 to PCL increased the rate of (bio)erosion in A. fumigatus and in compost. The use of a slip additive, erucamide, was shown to modify the properties of the film surface without decreasing the rate of bio(erosion). Both the rate of weight loss and the rate of molecular weight reduction of PCL increased with decreasing film thickness. The addition of CaCO3 to PLA significantly reduced the thermal degradation during processing, but it also reduced the rate of the subsequent (bio)degradation in the pure fungal cultures. PLA without additives and PLA containing SiO2 exhibited the fastest (bio)degradation, followed by PLA with CaCO3. The degradation of the PLA films was initially governed by chemical hydrolysis, followed by an acceleration of the weight change and of the molecular weight reduction. PLA film subjected to composting exhibits a rapid decrease in molecular weight, which then remains unchanged during the measurement period, probably because of crystallization. 相似文献