Photosynthetic characteristics and reproductive strategies of Polygonum viviparum at different altitudes in the Qilian Mountains北大核心CSCD

Polygonum viviparum, which reproduces sexually and asexually, is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and its reproduction strategies are very sensitive to changes in the environment. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of altitude on the photosynthetic characteristics and reproductive strategies of P. viviparum. This study was conducted to investigate the responses of photosynthetic, vegetative, and reproductive traits of P. viviparum populations along six altitudinal gradients in the eastern part of the Qilian Mountains in China. Our results indicated that, with increasing altitude, the net photosynthetic rate of P. viviparum showed an increasing trend, reaching its maximum value (14.39 μmol m–2 s–1) at 3 700 m above sea level. The transpiration rate showed an increasing trend, followed by a decreasing trend, and the intercellular CO2 concentration did not differ significantly between altitudes. With increasing altitude, the plant height and leaf area of P. viviparum showed a downward trend, the aboveground and underground biomass decreased, and the specific leaf area initially decreased and then increased. However, the leaf greenness index showed an upward trend, and the number of stomata in the upper and lower epidermis of leaves initially increased and then decreased. With increasing altitude, the proportion of inflorescence length per plant (the ratio of inflorescence length to plant height), the proportion of bulbil length per inflorescence (the ratio of bulbil length to inflorescence height), and the proportion of the number of bulbils per inflorescence (the ratio of the number of bulbils to the total number of flowers and bulbils) showed an increasing trend. Air temperature and light intensity are the major environmental factors affecting the photosynthetic characteristics and functional traits of P. viviparum. Thus, P. viviparum is exposed to more environmental stresses and obtains less energy when altitude increases, but it adapts to the harsh alpine environment by increasing the photosynthetic capability per unit area. With increasing altitude, P. viviparum populations may be sustained by investing less energy in vegetation and more in reproduction, especially asexual reproduction. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

认识大气层

大气层是围绕地球的气圈,是由不同的层次组成的,且各层次的成分也不相同。科学家们将其分为5个层次: 对流层 在大气层的最低层.与地球的表面接触,生物只有在对流层中才能生存。对流层的平均高度为12千米,但赤道上空对流层的高度可达16千米,极     

原花青素对镉引起的鸡胚睾丸氧化损伤的缓解作用

为探索原花青素对镉引起的鸡胚睾丸氧化损伤的缓解作用,本实验设置了对照组、镉、葡萄籽提取物原花青素(grape seed proanthocyanidin extract,GSPE)和镉+GSPE组,在胚胎期第6.5天(E6.5)注射0.05 mg·kg-1镉或2.5 mg·kg-1GSPE,统计孵化率和睾丸指数,并在E17.5检测睾丸形态、氧化指标、细胞凋亡和内质网应激相关基因的表达情况。结果表明:与对照组相比,镉处理组孵化率和睾丸指数均显著降低;睾丸组织结构出现了细胞核固缩、空泡化和染色质周缘化等变化,过氧化氢和丙二醛水平升高、超氧化物歧化酶活性显著降低、谷胱甘肽含量明显减少,凋亡细胞显著增多;睾丸中抗凋亡基因Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平下降,同时促凋亡基因Caspase3和内质网应激相关基因(XBP-1和HO-1)mRNA表达水平显著上升。然而,GSPE联合处理,明显缓解了镉引起的睾丸损伤,使孵化率和睾丸指数回升,抗氧化水平和内质网应激得到改善,凋亡细胞显著减少,睾丸形态趋于正常。结果表明:GSPE可通过其抗氧化作用降低XBP-1相关的内质网应激基因的表达,从而缓解镉引起的鸡胚睾丸生殖毒性。     

1933年叠溪地震洪水及1986年岷江水患——兼论岷江水患成因和整治对策

本文对1933年叠溪地震洪水及1986年岷江水患、应急措施等从灾链角度进行了因果关系的记述,在分析岷江水患成因的基础上,提出了综合整治、开发岷江的建议对策。     

压力容器疲劳寿命的可靠性分析

推导了压力容器结构的疲劳扩展寿命计算公式，考虑几种主要参数的不确定性因素，应用蒙特卡罗法抽样计算了其中服从不同分布的随机变量值。得出了在一定置信度和一定可靠性下的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命，并计算在一定使用寿命时结构的失效概率。比较了不同初始裂纹尺寸和断裂韧性对疲劳寿命的影响。利用数值积分法编制了计算机程序。算例表明，它在疲劳寿命的可靠性估计中的应用及其工程意义。     

提倡大家对节能工作多操心

节能，利于当代惠及后世，是一项利国利民的千秋功业，是我国的既定国策；节能，关乎生产成本，维系持续发展，是企业的振兴之路；节能，是一项长期的、全民性的工作，也是一项综合系统工程。如何才能更好和更有效地开创节能降耗、增收节支的新局面呢?值此全国人民同喜同庆澳门回归、迎接新世纪之际，不妨提倡大家都对节能工作多操操心。     

中空纤维膜吸收法脱除SO_2的实验研究

利用聚丙烯中空纤维膜组件为吸收器 ,以SO2 /空气混合气—清水、SO2 /空气混合气—NaOH溶液 ( 0 .1mol/L ,0 .5mol/L)为实验体系 ,研究了吸收液浓度、气液两相流速和气液两相流程等操作条件对吸收率的影响 ;以传质单元高度 (HTU)为指标 ,与 3种常用填料吸收塔进行了比较 ;研究结果表明 :中空纤维膜吸收技术用于工业SO2 脱除具有较高的传质效率和显著的环境效益