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31.
Silva Marcio Roberto Ferreira Fernando César Maranhão Adriana Gonçalves Lanzarini Natália Maria de Carvalho Castro Karina Neboo Miagostovich Marize Pereira 《Food and environmental virology》2021,13(4):528-534
Food and Environmental Virology - Enteric viruses have been described as important contaminants in fresh and ready-to-eat foods such as sandwiches, deli meat and dairy products. This is a... 相似文献
32.
33.
Hapry F. N. Lapian Marco Barucca Giorgio Bavestrello Maria A. Biscotti Marzia Bo Adriana Canapa Silvia Tazioli Ettore Olmo 《Marine Biology》2007,151(2):785-792
A phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequences was performed on 15 species of black corals assigned to the genera Antipathes, Stichopathes, Cirrhipathes, Rhipidipathes, Antipathella, Myriopathes and Cupressopathes recorded from the Messina Strait (Mediterranean Sea) and the Bunaken Marine Park (Celebes Sea, Indonesia). The phylogenetic analysis shows that the examined species are grouped in two main branches corresponding to the families Antipathidae-Aphanipathidae and Myriopathidae. While among the Myriopathidae species there is a very small genetic distance, the Antipathidae-Aphanipathidae clade shows a high degree of divergence between different genera. According to this study, the taxon Antipathes? sp. 3 characterised by a bush-like corallum without a well-defined axis, probably belongs to a new undescribed genus of the family Antipathidae. 相似文献
34.
Moon DH Dermatas D Wazne M Sanchez AM Chrysochoou M Grubb DG 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2007,29(4):289-294
Several million tons of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR) were deposited at two sites in New Jersey and Maryland, USA,
and over time they exhibited extensive heaving phenomena. Ettringite, a needle-shaped mineral and an expansive mineral commonly
recognized in the literature concerning cement- and soil, has been identified extensively in numerous COPR samples collected
from these sites. It was therefore believed that ettringite formation and its crystal growth are strongly associated with
COPR heaving. We investigated the correlation between ettringite and the heaving phenomena in COPR materials that contained
no initial ettringite. Two identical COPR samples were exposed to a 4% w/w sulfate solution (25°C, 50°C) in a confined swell
test apparatus. Both swell test samples were analyzed by means of X-ray powder diffraction. The peak intensities of newly
formed ettringite were more pronounced in the sample tested at 50°C, and swell development was only observed in this sample.
Scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed well-crystallized ettringite needles exceeding 40 μm in length for this sample,
while ettringite crystals less than 15 μm in length formed in the sample tested at 25°C. Therefore, the results suggest that
the quantity of ettringite and the extent of crystallization play a key role in the heave of COPR. 相似文献
35.
Hugh?DrummondEmail author Cristina?Rodríguez Adriana?Vallarino Claudia?Valderrábano Gabriela?Rogel Emilio?Tobón 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2003,53(5):287-296
According to the desperado sibling hypothesis, chicks of obligately siblicidal species kill their junior broodmates as early as possible because junior broodmates face dire ecological prospects and are consequently predisposed to aggressively overthrow elder broodmates by all-out aggression. The agonistic behavior of junior chicks is virtually unknown because they die so young. We investigated the agonistic behavior of hypothetical desperados by fostering junior brown boobies (Sula leucogaster, an obligately siblicidal species) into nests of the blue-footed booby (S. nebouxii, a facultatively siblicidal species) containing an older singleton blue-foot chick. Controls were junior blue-footed boobies fostered into the same situation. Junior brown boobies were 7 times more aggressive than controls and most of them dominated their elder and larger nestmates. Four of nine brown booby juniors showed relentless aggression, delivering up to 711 pecks, bites and pushes (including "expulsion pushes") per hour, thereby overwhelming nestmates 90% heavier and permanently expelling one of them from the nest. Similarly, in natural broods of two surviving brown booby chicks, the losing chick was 13 times as aggressive as blue-foot subordinates, up to at least age 7 weeks. Contrast of the two species of booby suggests the evolution of agonistic roles within broods may be partly driven by selection on potential victims to express a level and type of aggressiveness appropriate to their status-related ecological prospects. 相似文献
36.
Adriana María Albino Bruce Rothschild Jorge D. Carrillo-Briceño James M. Neenan 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2018,105(9-10):51
Inflammatory arthritis is documented for the first time in snakes. Ossification of the intervertebral capsule and zygapophyseal joints resulting in segmental vertebral fusion was observed in the aquatic Cretaceous snake Lunaophis aquaticus. Such pathologic alterations are pathognomonic for the spondyloarthropathy form of inflammatory arthritis. A survey of 2144 snakes in recent collections, performed to identify Holocene prevalence, revealed only two occurrences in extant snakes. The findings in Bitis gabonica and Elaphe taeniura were indistinguishable from those noted in Lunaophis aquaticus and identical to those previously recognized in modern varanids. The pathology likely represents a form of reactive arthritis related to enteropathic infection. While the disease probably did not affect general locomotion, its vertebral column position may have compromised mating. 相似文献
37.
Adriana Gregorova Vladimir Sedlarik Miroslav Pastorek Hari Jachandra Franz Stelzer 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(2):372-381
This article contains a concept of the mechanical properties improvement of the highly crystalline poly(lactic acid) (PLA)
and filled composites. PLA as a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer was plasticized with poly(ethylene glycol) and filled
with 30 vol% of organic and/or inorganic filler. The degree of crytallinity was intentionally increased by annealing. The
filler/polymer matrix interphase was modified with the addition of 4, 4′-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). The effect
of compatibilizing as well as plasticizing agent on the thermal and mechanical properties, the water-absorption behaviour
and crystallization characteristics were studied. The results indicated that high content of filler and crystallites have
a strong influence on the composite′s mechanical properties despite of the plasticizer content, showing a high Young modulus.
The MDI seems to react in preference easy with plasticizing agent and then alternatively with filler due to the low functionality
of commercial PLA grade. 相似文献
38.
Escalada JP Pajares A Gianotti J Massad WA Bertolotti S Amat-Guerri F García NA 《Chemosphere》2006,65(2):237-244
The present work studies the visible-light-promoted photodegradation of the colorless fungicide carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate) and several 2-substituted benzimidazoles (SBZ's), in water or water-methanol solution, in the presence of air and, as a photosensitizer, the synthetic xanthene dye Rose Bengal (RB) or the natural pigment riboflavin (Rf). The results indicate that the degradation of each particular SBZ depends on its chemical structure and on the sensitizer employed. In the presence of RB, the degradation always operates via a singlet molecular oxygen (O(2)((1)Delta(g)))-mediated mechanism, through a highly efficient process, as deduced from the comparison of the rate constants for physical and chemical quenching of O(2)((1)Delta(g)). In the presence of Rf, the visible-light irradiation of any of the studied SBZ's produces a series of competitive processes that depend on the relative concentrations of Rf and SBZ. These processes include the quenching of excited singlet and triplet Rf states by the SBZ and the generation of both O(2)((1)Delta(g)) and superoxide radical anion (O(2)(-)), the latter generated by electron transfer from excited Rf species to the dissolved oxygen. The overall result is the photodegradation of the SBZ and the photoprotection of the sensitizer. 相似文献
39.
Ahumada I Escudero P Carrasco MA Castillo G Ascar L Fuentes E 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2004,6(4):327-334
In Chile, the increasing number of plants for the treatment of wastewater has brought about an increase in the generation of sludge. One way of sludge disposal is its application on land; this, however involves some problems, some of them being heavy metal accumulation and the increase in organic matter and other components from sewage sludge which may change the distribution and mobility of heavy metals. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of sewage sludge application on the distribution of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in agricultural soils in Chile. Three different soils, two Mollisols and one Alfisol, were sampled from an agricultural area in Central Chile. The soils were treated with sewage sludge at the rates of 0 and 30 ton ha(-1), and were incubated at 25 degrees C for 45 days. Before and after incubation, the soils were sequentially extracted to obtain labile (exchangeable and sodium acetate-soluble), potentially labile (soluble in moderately reducing conditions, K4P2O7-soluble and soluble in reducing conditions) and inert (soluble in strong acid oxidizing conditions) fractions. A two-level factored design was used to assess the effect of sludge application rate, incubation time and their interaction on the mobility of the elements under study. Among the metals determined in the sludge, zinc has the highest concentration. However, with the exception of Ni, the total content of metals was lower than the recommended limit values in sewage sludge as stated by Chilean regulations. Although 23% of zinc in sludge was in more mobile forms, the residual fraction of all metals was the predominant form in soils and sludge. The content of zinc only was significantly increased in two of the soils by sewage sludge application. On the other hand, with the exception of copper, the metals were redistributed in the first four fractions of amended soils. The effect of sludge application rate, incubation time and their interaction depended on the metal or soil type. In most cases an increase in more mobile forms of metals in soils was observed as the final effect. 相似文献
40.
Weijs L Dirtu AC Das K Gheorghe A Reijnders PJ Neels H Blust R Covaci A 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(2):445-451
Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) were found to differ in the ability to metabolize polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Biomagnification factors (BMFs), calculated between both predators and their prey (sole - Solea solea and whiting - Merlangius merlangus), had a large range of variation (between 0.5 and 91 for PCBs and between 0.6 and 53 for PBDEs). For the higher chlorinated PCBs and the highest brominated PBDEs, the BMF values in adult males were significantly higher than in the juvenile individuals of both species. BMF values of hexa- to octa-PCBs were the highest, suggesting reduced ability to degrade these congeners. Harbour porpoises had higher BMFs for lower chlorinated PCBs and for all PBDEs compared to harbour seals. Other factors, which may influence biomagnification, such as the octanol-water partition coefficients and the trophic level position measured through stable isotope (δ15N) analysis, were found to be of lesser importance to predict biomagnification in the studied food chain. 相似文献