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271.
Chen Yongzhi Yuan Zhongling Ma Yanhong An Fangjiao Liu Andi Liu Hong Zhao Zhichao Ma Jiao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65462-65473
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Real domestic wastewater was treated initially in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), with partial nitrification achieved before the effluent was used... 相似文献
272.
安飞 《安全.健康和环境》2021,21(1):13-15
为快速检测H2S泄漏,以一步水热法制备的Fe2O3纳米棒为基础,制备了H2S气体传感器。研究表明,该传感器在300℃工作温度下对10μmol/mol的H2S的灵敏度为2左右,响应时间为12s左右,恢复时间约4s。而且该传感器具有优异的稳定性和选择性,对CH4、CO等多种气体响应较差,适合用于长时间快速检测H2S气体的泄漏。 相似文献
273.
Yongpeng Ji Xingyu Chen Yuqi Xiao Yuemeng Ji Weina Zhang Jiaxin Wang Jiangyao Chen Guiying Li Taicheng An 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(7):56-63
Mineral particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and exhibit an important effect on the photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the role of mineral particles in the photochemical oxidation mechanism of VOCs remains unclear. Hence, the photooxidation reactions of acrolein (ARL) with OH radical (OH) in the presence and absence of SiO2 were investigated by theoretical approach. The gas-phase reaction without SiO2 has two distinct pathways (H-abstraction and OH-addition pathways), and carbonyl-H-abstraction is the dominant pathway. In the presence of SiO2, the reaction mechanism is changed, i.e., the dominant pathway from carbonyl-H-abstraction to OH-addition to carbonyl C-atom. The energy barrier of OH-addition to carbonyl C-atom deceases 21.33 kcal/mol when SiO2 is added. Carbonyl H-atom of ARL is occupied by SiO2 via hydrogen bond, and carbonyl C-atom is activated by SiO2. Hence, the main product changes from H-abstraction product to OH-adduct in the presence of SiO2. The OH-adduct exhibits a thermodynamic feasibility to yield HO2 radical and carboxylic acid via the subsequent reactions with O2, with implications for O3 formation and surface acidity of mineral particles. 相似文献
274.
Baocong Zhao Yongpeng Ji Dandan Qin Yuemeng Ji Jiangyao Chen Taicheng An 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(4):211-220
Methyl-hydroxy-cyclohexadienyl radicals (OTAs) are the key products of the photooxidation of toluene, with implications for the fate of toluene. Hence, we investigated the photooxidation mechanisms and kinetics of three main OTAs (o-OTA, m-OTA, and p-OTA) with NO2 using quantum chemical calculations as well as the fate of OTAs under the different concentration ratios of NO2 and O2. The mechanism results show that the pathway of H-abstraction by NO2 to anti-HONO (anti-H-abstraction) is more favorable than the syn-H-abstraction pathway, because the strong interaction between OTAs and NO2 is formed in the transition states of the anti-H-abstraction pathways. The branching ratios of the anti-H-abstraction pathways are more than 99% in the temperature range of 216−298 K. The total rate constant of the OTA-NO2 reaction is 9.9 × 10−12 cm3/(molecule∙sec) at 298 K, which is contributed about 90% by o-OTA + NO2, and the main products are o-cresol and anti-HONO. The half-lives of the OTA-NO2 reaction in some polluted areas of China are 35 times longer than those of the OTA-O2 reaction. In the atmosphere, the NO2- and O2- initiated reactions of OTAs have the same ability to form cresols as [NO2] is up to 142.1 ppmV, which is impossible to achieve. It implies that under the experimental condition, the [NO2]/[O2] should be controlled to be less than 7.8 × 10−5 to simulate real atmospheric oxidation of toluene. Our results reveal that for the photooxidation of toluene, the yield of cresol is not affected by the concentration of NO2 under the atmospheric environment. 相似文献
275.
Yanpeng Gao Teng Guo Xiaolin Niu Na Luo Jia Chen Junlang Qiu Yuemeng Ji Guiying Li Taicheng An 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(3):72-80
As a typical class of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs), the environmental transformation and abatement of preservative parabens have raised certain environmental concerns. However, the remediation of parabens-contaminated water using natural matrixes(such as, naturally abundant minerals) is not reported extensively in literature. In this study, the transformation kinetics and the mechanism of ethylparaben using natural sphalerite(NS) were investigated. The results show that around 63% of ethy... 相似文献
276.
为探索不同粒径聚苯乙烯微塑料和纳米塑料对轮虫繁殖的影响规律,以萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)为受试生物,探究了3种粒径(100 nm、0.5 μm和1 μm)聚苯乙烯塑料对轮虫有性生殖的影响. 结果表明:①暴露于粒径较小的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对轮虫的急性毒性较大. ②与对照组相比,暴露于20 mg/L的100 nm聚苯乙烯纳米塑料和0.01、0.1、1、10和20 mg/L的1 μm聚苯乙烯微塑料均导致轮虫种群增长率显著降低(P<0.05). ③聚苯乙烯微塑料和纳米塑料暴露对萼花臂尾轮虫混交率和受精率均有显著影响. ④暴露于10和20 mg/L的100 nm聚苯乙烯纳米塑料均显著抑制萼花臂尾轮虫7 d休眠卵产量(P<0.05),而暴露于0.1 mg/L的1 μm聚苯乙烯微塑料以及0.01、0.1、1、10和20 mg/L的0.5 μm聚苯乙烯微塑料均显著增加轮虫7 d休眠卵产量(P<0.05). 研究显示,在评价聚苯乙烯微塑料和纳米塑料对萼花臂尾轮虫有性生殖影响时,轮虫混交率和休眠卵产量可以作为合适的毒性测试指标. 相似文献
277.
Chaofan Lian Weigang Wang Yan Chen Yusheng Zhang Jingwei Zhang Yongchun Liu Xiaolong Fan Chang Li Junlei Zhan Zhuohui Lin Chenjie Hu Wenyu Zhang Mingyuan Liu Junling Li Xuefei Wang Junling An Maofa Ge 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(4):334-342
The particulate matter (PM) pollution has been significantly improved by carrying out various valid emission control strategies since 2013 in China. Meanwhile the variation trend of nitrous acid (HONO) is worthy to investigate due to its vital role in the atmospheric oxidation process. In this study, field observation in the winter is conducted to investigate the concentration of HONO in an urban area of Beijing. In the winter of 2019, the mean HONO concentration is 1.38 ppbV during the whole winter. Photo-enhanced NO2 heterogeneous reactions on the ground and aerosol surfaces were found as the possible daytime sources of HONO. Compared to O3, photolysis of HONO dominates the primary OH sources during the winter time. To understand the HONO pollution patterns by years variation, multi-year data is summarized and finds that primary pollutants including CO and NO decreased, but secondary pollutants i.e., HONO (mostly generated via secondary process) increased. Our study highlights the requirement to mitigate secondary pollution by control HONO concentration. 相似文献
278.
基于网格布点法于2020年4~8月在洞庭湖南缘农田中采集了1 589件表层土壤样品,采用ICP-MS、 ICP-OES、 HG-AFS和ISE方法测定土壤中As、 Cd、 Pb、 Cu、 Zn、 Ni、 Cr、 Hg元素含量及pH,重点研究了区内土壤重金属含量、潜在生态风险、空间分布特征及其来源解析.结果表明,土壤重金属ω(Zn)、ω(Cr)、ω(Pb)、ω(Cu)、ω(Ni)、ω(As)、ω(Cd)和ω(Hg)平均值依次为:118.18、 82.21、 52.1、 33.76、 32.81、 18.25、 0.42和0.13 mg·kg-1.各重金属均处于中、高度变异,土壤以弱酸性为主,pH介于3.96~7.90之间,Hg和Cd存在较高的生态风险.各重金属元素空间分布规律均呈西南高东北低的趋势.采用PMF和PCA方法对8种重金属元素进行来源解析及贡献率计算,PMF结果表明,研究区土壤重金属来源贡献率依次为:农业活动源(36.98%)、自然源(32.94%)、水土交换源(17.05%)和大气干湿沉降源(13.03%),而PCA结果表明研究区土壤重金属主要来源于农业... 相似文献
279.
Yichang Yang Xingang Liu Jun Zheng Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Yu Qu Junling An Nianliang Cheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(5):297-310
A continuous online observation of ozone and its precursors(NOx, VOCs) was carried out in central urban Wuhan from September 2016 to August 2017. The concentration levels of ozone,NOx, VOCs and their variations in urban Wuhan were analyzed, as well as effects of VOCs on ozone photochemical generation and the main controlling factors for ozone production. During the observation period, the average concentrations of ozone and NOx in Wuhan was 22.63 and30.14 ppbv, respectively, and the average concentration of VOCs was 32.61 ppbv(42.3% alkanes,13.0% alkenes, 10.0% aromatics, 7.3% acetylene, 9.9% OVOCs, and 10.5% halohydrocarbons).Ozone concentration was higher in spring and summer as compared with autumn and winter,wheras VOCs and NOx concentratios were lower in spring and summer but higher in autumn and winter. Aromatics and alkenes, two of VOCs species, showed the highest contributions to ozone formation potential in Wuhan(35.7% alkenes, 35.4 aromatics, 17.5% alkanes, 8.6% OVOCs,1.6% halogenated hydrocarbons, and 1.4% acetylene). Among all VOCs species, those with the highest contribution were ethylene, m-xylene, toluene, propylene and o-xylene. The contribution of these five compounds to the total ozone formation potential concentration was 43.90%.Ozone-controlling factors in Wuhan changed within one day; during the early morning hours(6:00–9:00), VOCs/NOx was low, and ozone generation followed a VOCs-limited regime.However, during the peak time of ozone concentration(12:00–16:00), the ratio of VOCs/NOx was relatively high, suggesting that ozone generation followed a NOx-limited regime. 相似文献
280.