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681.
Ecotoxicological effects of typical personal care products on seed germination and seedling development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Biochemical responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings stressed by two typical personal care products (PCPs) – triclosan (TCS) and galaxolide (HHCB) were experimentally investigated to assess their ecological risks. The results showed that wheat shoot and root elongation was significantly inhibited by 50–250 mg L−1 TCS and HHCB. Wheat roots were sensitive to TCS, while shoots were sensitive to HHCB. The median effect concentration (EC50) of TCS and HHCB based on the inhibition of their sensitive sites were 147.8 and 143.4 mg L−1, respectively. Moreover, the damage of wheat seedlings treated by low concentration of TCS and HHCB during a long period cannot be neglected. After a 21-d exposure, 0.2–3.0 mg L−1 TCS and HHCB treatment caused the damage to the accumulation of chlorophyll (CHL), the synthesis of soluble protein (SP), and the activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutases (SOD) in different degree. However, different changing trends of these physiological indexes treated by different PCPs were observed after 7-d to 14-d exposures, especially the activity of POD and SOD. The activity of POD and SOD in wheat leaves and roots decreased with an increase in the concentration of TCS and the exposure time. However, the enzyme activities in wheat leaves treated by 0.2–3.0 mg L−1 HHCB increased after a 14-d exposure, and with the prolongation of exposure time, the enzyme activities significantly decreased. The variations in these physiological indexes of wheat could be considered as good biomarkers of serious stress by TCS and HHCB in the environment. 相似文献
682.
683.
可见光催化剂BiVO_4 降解废水中直接耐酸大红4BS 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
以直接耐酸大红4BS模拟染料废水为目标污染物,研究了BiVO_4对直接耐酸大红4BS(简称4BS)的吸附效果以及废水初始质量浓度、废水pH和BiVO_4的加入量对光催化降解效果的影响.实验结果表明:当废水初始质量浓度为40 mg/L、废水pH为6.38、BiVO_4加入量为1.0 g/L时,4BS的降解率可达98.9%;BiVO_4重复使用5次后4BS的降解率可达80.0%以上;COD的变化趋势说明4BS被催化剂吸附和光催化降解的过程是循序渐进的. 相似文献
684.
探讨了武汉某工业园电镀厂污泥酸浸、除杂提磷的工艺及条件。当H2SO4(浓度为72%)用量为4mL/g污泥,在液固比为5:1,常温搅拌浸出时间为1h,用碱液调节浸出液pH为4后沉淀1h,过滤,磷的浸出率为86%,铁的沉淀率达到94.2%,除铁后的浸出液进一步用NH4HCO3净化,并制取磷铵产品,总养分(N+P2O5)为52%。产品达到国家合格品的标准。 相似文献
685.
Jae-Seong Kim Dae-Hwan An Sang-Yul Lee Bo-Young Lee 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2009,22(6):845-849
This paper has studied failure of an oil storage tank. During operation, several cracks were observed at the fillet weldment between reactor shell and annular plates in the bottom of oil storage tank. Extreme stresses in the structure during its operation were determined taking into account shape and geometry imperfections as well as corrosion influence. Both reactor shell and annular plates are made of carbon steel (SM53C). In this study, in order to identify the causes for the fillet weldment cracking, failure analysis such as fractography, tensile test, hardness test, corrosion test(SSRT), chemical analysis was performed. The failure of oil storage tank is the result of the combined and synergistic interaction of mechanical stress and corrosion reactions. Although cracks were initiated by corrosion, failure was generated by propagation of crack caused by stresses concentration. It was recommended that (1) the local stresses be reduced by improved weld toe geometry, and (2) the reinforcement be used in order to avoid failure by stresses concentration. 相似文献
686.
Jin-Young An Joong-Chun Kwon Deog-Won Ahn Hang-Sik Shin Sung-Ho Won Byung-Woo Kim 《Water environment research》2008,80(8):757-765
To enhance nitrogen removal in an existing microbial contact oxidation (MCO) system with a treatment capacity of 900 m3/d, an upflow multilayer bioreactor (UMBR) was chosen as a preanoxic reactor for the removal of organic matter and nitrate. The removal performance of the retrofitted plant was evaluated during the startup phase at a low temperature in winter. The high removal (>80%) of organic matter and suspended solids in the UMBR provided stable nitrification conditions in the MCO system, as a result of the substantial reduction in organic matter and solids loaded onto the MCO system. This treatment system showed a stable nitrogen removal efficiency of 75.3%, even in the low temperature range 7 to 10 degrees C. Phosphorus was completely removed by chemical precipitation. Production rates of excess sludge, as a function of the loads of influent flowrate and biological oxygen demand (BOD), were 0.022 kg dry solid/m3 wastewater and 0.132 kg dry solid/kg BOD. 相似文献
687.
688.
将等分的环境水样分别注射到总有机碳分析仪中的TC和IC反应管内,在高温炉900℃和低温炉150℃的工作条件下使其充分氧化为CO2和H2O后,将生成的CO2分别导入非分散红外检测器中,测定出总碳TC和无机碳IC的浓度.依据TC和IC的计量值,获得TOD的测定量.该法与CODCr的测定环境水样结果比较,TOC准确度实验结果为0.87%~0.94%的相对误差,完全满足国标样品标准,精密度实验中TOC的标准偏差小于0.25,而COD标准偏差为0.53~0.55,准确度与精密度都令人满意.能适合于环境水样中有机污染物的快速监测. 相似文献
689.
690.
浅论经济、社会与环境三效益的矛盾与统一 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了经济效益、社会效益与环境效益之间的相互对立统一的辨证关系,从概念和内涵对其矛盾与统一进行了分析,从其相互关系及综合评价中说明了存在的矛盾问题及解决的方法,只有运用可持续发展的理论改变传统的发展观、自然观,人类就一定能够与环境和谐共存,达到经济、社会与环境三效益的结合与统一。 相似文献