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991.
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993.
Juan Peris-Vicente Ana Marzo-Mas Pasqual Roca-Genovés Samuel Carda-Broch Josep Esteve-Romero 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(4):284-292
A method based on micellar liquid chromatography has been developed to simultaneously monitor four pesticides largely post-harvest applied to citrus:thiabendazole,pyrimethanil,o-phenylphenol and imazalil.Water samples were filtered and directly injected without other treatment,thus avoiding extraction steps.The composition of the mobile phase was optimized using a chemometrical approach to achieve and excellent resolution to 0.07 mol/L SDS/5%,V/V 1-pentanol buffered at p H 3.Mobile phase run through a C18 column at 1 m L/min at room temperature.The detection was performing by UV–Visible absorbance using a wavelength program:0–10 min,305 nm(for thiabendazole);10–12;265 nm(for pyrimethanil)and 12–18,220 nm(o-phenylphenol and imazalil).The developed method was validated following the guidelines of the US Environmental Protection Agency in terms of:quantitation range,(0.5–4 to 15μg/m L),linearity(r20.9995),sensitivity(LOD,0.18–1.4μg/m L),precision(9.2%),trueness(93.9%–103.7%),and ruggedness(9.9%).It was found that the fungicides remain up to eight days in surface water at outdoor conditions.The method was used to screen the presence of the analytes in several waste water samples,and was proved to be useful in routine analysis. 相似文献
994.
Silvestre García de Jalón Ana Iglesias Andrew P. Barnes 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2016,21(5):779-798
Over recent decades, there has been increasing levels of research dedicated to assess drivers of farm-level uptake of adaptation strategies to climate change. The main purpose of this research being to determine how policy intervention can most effectively increase adoption. This paper aims to synthesise this past research in order to scale up uptake of farm-level adaptation strategies through a composite index of potential adoption in Africa. In doing so, we review the estimated coefficients of econometric regressions in 42 case studies published in peer-review journals to identify the factors that regularly explain adoption. We find that these common factors can be grouped into seven components, that is human capital, financial resources, infrastructure and technology, social interaction and governance, food security, dependence on agriculture and attitudes towards the environment. Using national-level indicators of these seven categories, we develop a composite index to inform potential adoption and test the robustness of the index in an in-depth sensitivity analysis. The results show that the highest likelihood of adoption of farm-level adaptation strategies is in Northern African countries namely Tunisia, Egypt, Algeria and Morocco and in Southern African countries such as South Africa and Botswana. Conversely, they indicate that the lowest likelihood of adoption is situated in nations of the Sahel and Horn of Africa and in nations that have recently experienced conflict. We conclude that adoption is associated predominantly with governance, civil rights, financial resources and education. However, it is not necessarily driven by the magnitude of climate change impacts on agricultural production. 相似文献
995.
Marcelo Benetti Correa da Silva Ana Paula Graciola Gabriel Sperandio Milan Sulen Bebber Suane de Atayde Moschen Deonir De Toni 《环境质量管理》2019,28(4):75-84
Service quality in a construction technology laboratory can result in an improvement in construction companies’ competitiveness. This research aims to evaluate the service quality provided by a construction technology laboratory, specifically in the segment of performing testing through the rupturing of concrete samples. For this research, a survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire that was created based on a literature review regarding the surveying of laboratory customers at a university in the south of Brazil. Our research was both exploratory and quantitative, and the data were analyzed by applying multivariate data analysis. The conclusions of this study show that the dimensions of quality services are: communication, reliability, responsiveness, credibility, and tangibility. These five dimensions together provide a high explained variance standard of 79.75%. Having a suitable number of attendants available to serve customers and presenting agility in the construction laboratory is one of the managerial research contributions. Moreover, through information availability, this research generates greater traceability that can be used both by customers and by institutional management. Constantly and thoroughly monitoring the customer service cycle is another relevant factor that can improve the quality of the services provided. 相似文献
996.
Idalina Dias-Sardinha David Ross Ana Calapez Gomes 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2018,61(4):635-655
The paper discusses conditions and format of a cluster model to support the management of a potential creative tourism destination in a setting where regional cross-sectoral collaboration is lacking. Creative tourism development requires a flexible framework and a healthy collaboration environment, more so when associated with resources shared by several stakeholders. This article focuses on the tourism potential of archaeological knowledge discovered during the environmental impact assessment of the Alqueva dam (Alentejo, Portugal). Interviews were conducted with 38 regional actors in the tourism and heritage sectors, as well as the dam developers and the companies responsible for archaeological interventions. Findings indicate that the lack of specific local policy addressing archaeological heritage hampers its potential use for tourism development, which is further aggravated by the absence of stakeholder communication and cooperation. A conceptual cluster model for the management of creative tourism destinations based on heritage resources and other local resources is proposed. 相似文献
997.
Barbara Schröter Bettina Matzdorf Isabel Hackenberg Jennifer Hauck 《Local Environment》2018,23(6):635-651
While in many cases the benefits of ecosystem services (ES) can be enjoyed on different scales, the provision of ES requires engagement and commitment at the local scale. Therefore, the local level becomes important when thinking about compensation schemes or payments for ecosystem services (PES) as an approach to managing ES. The difficult task of bringing together different actors and institutions at different scales for specific conservation projects at the local level often remains in the hands of intermediaries. In this paper, we investigate the role of a civil society organisation (CSO) as an intermediary organisation in a PES scheme, the Community Blue Carbon Project (CBCP) in Costa Rica. To assess the role of intermediaries in a PES scheme, we rely on social network analysis and examine the position and role of the intermediary organisation. Based on Net-Map interviews, which is an interview-based mapping tool that helps people understand, visualise, discuss and improve situations in which many different actors influence outcomes, we find that the intermediary organisation in the CBCP is composed of several institutional and individual intermediaries who create both formal networks for connecting the international to the local level and informal networks for creating trusting relationships among the actors. Different spatial levels are reflected within the CSO’s organisational structure, and the CSO mitigates the distributional, procedural, recognition and contextual aspects of environmental justice. 相似文献
998.
Microbial population dynamics and enzyme activities in composting processes with different starting materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M.C. Vargas-García F. Suárez-Estrella M.J. López J. Moreno 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(5):771-778
A biological comparison based on differences in the starting material for composting processes was made. Mesophilic aerobic microbiota, fungi, actinomycetes and hemicellulolytic microorganisms reached significantly higher levels in the MSW final product. The population of cellulolytic microorganisms did not show a clear trend, although it was more numerous in the HW piles. Counts for N2-fixing and ammonifying bacteria were significantly higher in the SS pile at the early stages of the process, while populations tended to become equal as time progressed. The lowest populations were detected for nitrifying bacteria, with higher but not always significant levels for the SS pile. β-Glucosidase and phosphatase activities were higher in the SS pile at the early stages. Protease reached its maximum activity during the bio-oxidative phase and final stages in the HW and MSW piles, respectively. Dehydrogenase activity, with an occasional high level for the MSW at the beginning of the process, was almost inexistent since the end of the bio-oxidative phase. On the contrary, urease showed higher levels at the final stage of the process, with the MSW pile showing the greatest levels most of the time. According to these results, the nature of the starting material causes differences in biological parameters. 相似文献
999.
Joshua Farley David Batker Isabel de la Torre Tom Hudspeth 《Environmental management》2010,45(1):39-51
Humans are rapidly depleting critical ecosystems and the life support functions they provide, increasing the urgency of developing
effective conservation tools. Using a case study of the conversion of mangrove ecosystems to shrimp aquaculture, this article
describes an effort to develop a transdisciplinary, transinstitutional approach to conservation that simultaneously trains
future generations of environmental problem solvers. We worked in close collaboration with academics, non-government organizations,
local government and local communities to organize a workshop in Puerto Princesa, Palawan, Philippines. The primary objectives
of the workshop were to: (1) train participants in the basic principles of ecological economics and its goals of sustainable
scale, just distribution and efficient allocation; (2) learn from local community stakeholders and participating scientists
about the problems surrounding conversion of mangrove ecosystems to shrimp aquaculture; (3) draw on the skills and knowledge
of all participants to develop potential solutions to the problem; and (4) communicate results to those with the power and
authority to act on them. We found that the economic and ecological benefits of intact mangroves outweigh the returns to aquaculture.
Perversely, however, private property rights to mangrove ecosystems favor inefficient, unjust and unsustainable allocation
of the resource—a tragedy of the non-commons. We presented the workshop results to the press and local government, which shut
down the aquaculture ponds to conserve the threatened ecosystem. Effective communication to appropriate audiences was essential
for transforming research into action. Our approach is promising and can be readily applied to conservation research and advocacy
projects worldwide, but should be improved through adaptive management—practitioners must continually build on those elements
that work and discard or improve those that fail. 相似文献
1000.
Patricia Palma Paula Alvarenga Vera L. Palma Rosa Maria Fernandes Amadeu M. V. M. Soares Isabel Rita Barbosa 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,165(1-4):539-552
Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to evaluate spatial/temporal variations, and to interpret water quality data set obtained at Alqueva reservoir (south of Portugal). The water quality was monitored at nine different sites, along the water line, over a period of 18 months (from January 2006 to May 2007) using 26 water quality parameters. The cluster analysis allowed the formation of five different similarity groups between sampling sites, reflecting differences on the water quality at different locations of the Alqueva reservoir system. The PCA/FA identified six varifactors, which were responsible for 64% of total variance in water quality data set. The principal parameters, which explained the variability of quality water, were total phosphorus, oxidability, iron, parameters that at high concentrations indicate pollution from anthropogenic sources, and herbicides indicative of an intensive agricultural activity. The spatial analysis showed that the water quality was worse in the north of the reservoir. 相似文献