Composting MSW and sewage sludge with effective complex microorganisms

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣｏｍｐｏｓｔｉｎｇｉｓｕｓｅｄａｓａｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｍｅｔｈｏｄｏｆｔｈｅｍｕｎｉｃｉｐａｌｓｏｌｉｄｗａｓｔｅ (ＭＳＷ)ａｎｄｓｅｗａｇｅｓｌｕｄｇｅ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｙｉｅｌｄｓａｓｔａｂｌｅ,ｐｒｏｆｉｔａｂｌｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｆｏｒｕｓｅａｓａｓｏｉｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｅｒａｎｄｗｈｉｃｈａｌｓｏｈａｓａｃｅｒｔａｉｎｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｖａｌｕｅ (Ｂｉｅｙ ,2 0 0 0 ) .Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙ ,ｃｏｍｐｏｓｔｉｎｇｉｓａｎａｃｃｅｌ…     

松嫩平原土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值的影响研究

应用遥感和GIS技术,在获取松嫩平原三期土地利用动态数据的基础上,分析了该地区土地利用变化与成因及其所引起的生态价值的变化.结果表明,从1986年到2000年,松嫩平原草地、水域和湿地面积大量减少,耕地、城镇用地和未利用地面积在增加.该地区总生态价值从1986年的34 926.10×106美元减少到2000年的31 744.54×106美元,减少率为9.11%,净损失值为3 181.56 ×106美元.1995-2000年的5年时间里,生态系统服务价值降低的趋势得到一定程度的缓和.对生态价值变化的空间区域分析表明,黑龙江省部分生态价值损失不大,而吉林省部分,特别是吉林西部环境脆弱带生态价值损失较多.     

无锡职教园区餐厨垃圾理化性质调查分析研究

为提高餐厨垃圾厌氧消化效率,应用理化方法分别测试了无锡职教园区大中餐、小中餐、西餐、汤锅和食堂餐厨垃圾的容重、含水率、pH值、有机干物质、含油率、盐分、氮磷含量等指标,此外,应用餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵模拟试验分析其产沼气效率.通过理化性质试验获得不同类型餐厨垃圾理化指标的异同点.通过产沼气试验可知,容积负荷由1 kgVS/m3·d逐渐提升到4 kgVS/m3·d时,日产气量从2.91 L提高到9.01 L,沼气中甲烷含量在65％以上.     

Characteristics of atmospheric single particles during haze periods in a typical urban area of Beijing: A case study in October, 2014

To investigate the composition and possible sources of particles, especially during heavy haze pollution, a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was deployed to measure the changes of single particle species and sizes during October of 2014, in Beijing. A total of 2,871,431 particles with both positive and negative spectra were collected and characterized in combination with the adaptive resonance theory neural network algorithm (ART-2a). Eight types of particles were classified: dust particles (dust, 8.1%), elemental carbon (EC, 29.0%), organic carbon (OC, 18.0%), EC and OC combined particles (ECOC, 9.5%), Na-K containing particles (NaK, 7.9%), K-containing particles (K, 21.8%), organic nitrogen and potassium containing particles (KCN, 2.3%), and metal-containing particles (metal, 3.6%). Three haze pollution events (P1, P2, P3) and one clean period (clean) were analyzed, based on the mass and number concentration of PM_2.5 and the back trajectory results from the hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model (Hysplit-4 model). Results showed that EC, OC and K were the major components of single particles during the three haze pollution periods, which showed clearly increased ratios compared with those in the clean period. Results from the mixing state of secondary species of different types of particles showed that sulfate and nitrate were more readily mixed with carbon-containing particles during haze pollution episodes than in clean periods.     

Best Reviewer Awards (2016)

正On behalf of Dr.X.Chris Le,the Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Environmental Sciences,we congratulate the following reviewers for frequently providing high-quality and timely reviews for Journal of Environmental Sciences.These scientists are the most deserving recipients of the Best Reviewer Awards(2016).     

晚期垃圾渗滤液短程硝化生物动力学研究

通过对亚硝化反应器中的氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮变化趋势的试验研究,认为渗滤液中存在着可以转化成氨氮的有机氮,但有机氮的转化不是在瞬时完成的。利用劳伦斯-麦卡蒂模式求得模型参数为氨氮vmax=4.67 mg/(mg.d),Ks=464.4 mg/L,Y=0.1966 mg/mg,Kd=0.55384/d,通过模型得出了反应器内生物量浓度、出流水质与污泥龄的关系,以期为实际工程中垃圾渗滤液生物脱氮提供借鉴。     

Variations in traffic-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5 in Kanazawa, Japan, after the implementation of a new vehicle emission regulation

A three-year sampling campaign was conducted at a roadside air pollution monitoring station in the urban area of Kanazawa, Japan. Due to a new emission regulation, PAHs levels decreased over the sampling campaign, exhibiting values of 706 ± 413 pg/m³ in 2017, 559 ± 384 pg/m³ in 2018, and 473 ± 234 pg/m³ in 2019. In each year, similar seasonal variations in PAHs levels were observed, with higher levels observed in winter and lower levels in summer. Among the PAHs isomer ratios, we observed that the ratio of benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), [BbF]/([BbF] + [BkF]), and the ratio of indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IDP) and benzo[ghi]perylene (BgPe), [IDP]/([BgPe] + [IDP]), showed stability over the sampling campaign and were less affected by the new emission regulation, seasonal variations, and regional characteristics. When using the combined ratio ranges of 0.66 - 0.80 ([BbF]/([BbF] + [BkF]) and 0.26-0.49 ([IDP]/([BgPe] + [IDP]), traffic emissions were clearly distinguished from other PAHs emission sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) were also performed to further analyse the characteristics of traffic-related PAHs. Overall, this study affirmed the effectiveness of the new emission regulation in the reduction of PAHs emissions and provided a combined range for identifying PAHs traffic emission sources.     

Dust collection efficiency analysis in a two-dimensional circulating granular bed filter

Dust collection efficiency data were analyzed to determine better operating conditions for a two-dimensional circulating granular bed filter (CGBF). The dust collection efficiency in the granular bed was affected by the following operating parameters: the louver angle, the solids mass flow rate, and the particle size of the bed material. Experimental results showed that higher dust collection efficiency occurs when the solids mass flow rates were 20.34 +/- 0.24, 21.50 +/- 0.11, and 30.51 +/- 0.57 g/sec at louver angles of 45 degrees, 30 degrees, and 20 degrees, respectively. Optimal dust collection efficiency peaked with a louver angle of 30 degrees. Average particle sizes of bed material by sieve diameters (microm) of 795 microm had higher dust collection efficiency than the average collector particle size of 1500 microm. Dust collection efficiency is influenced by bed material attrition phenomenon, causing dust collection efficiency to decrease rapidly. The dust collection efficiency analysis not only found the system free of design defects but also assisted in the operation of the two-dimensional CGBF system.     

利用活性氧分子消除污水中的COD

采用强电场电离放电制取高浓度的活性氧分子O2+和O3,这些活性氧分子与污水中水反应生成羟基自由基OH,可快速把污水中COD降解成无害的CO2、H2O,污水中COD浓度从132 mg/L降至22.6mg/L,COD的去除率达到82.9%,达到回用水质量标准(≤ 50 mg/L),该方法有助于解决目前污水回用存在的问题。     

用于含油污水处理的气浮旋流耦合技术研究

建立了气浮旋流耦合装置.测试了气浮旋流耦合装置的分离效果,实验表明,在加气量质量比为0.003～0.020,含油污水浓度为50～300 mg/L条件下,气浮旋流耦合装置可比单纯的旋流分离装置的分离效率提高10%～50%.