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981.
Gerard A. Nyssen Eric T. Miller Todd F. Glass Charles R. Quinn II Julie Underwood David J. Wilson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1987,9(1):1-11
Solubilities of several hydrophobic organic substances (paradichlorobenzene, endrin, naphthalene, and dibutyl phthalate) in aqueous solutions containing up to 0.10 mole fraction of common alcohols and ketones, were measured by gas chromatography. The solubilities are significantly increased by the alcohols and ketones. The results are interpreted in terms of the association of n molecules of alcohol or ketone with each hydrophobic organic molecule. Values of n and the equilibrium constant for this association are reported for each hydrophobic organic-alcohol and organic-ketone combination. The implications of these results for the disposal of toxic wastes by landfilling is discussed. 相似文献
982.
983.
David J. Wilson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1993,25(3):173-192
Mathematical models are developed for the flushing of droplets of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) distributed in aquifers. The kinetics of the diffusion of dissolved volatile organic compound (VOC) from the droplets into the moving liquid is included in the models. Models are developed for the flushing of DNAPL droplets in lab columns, in aquifers with a one-dimensional radial flow field and in quiescent aquifers in which a single well screened at the bottom is used to bring about the flushing. Some representative results are given. 相似文献
984.
985.
986.
Bustamante Mercedes M. C. Silva José Salomão Scariot Aldicir Sampaio Alexandre Bonesso Vieira Daniel Luis Mascia Garcia Edenise Sano Edson Fernandes Geraldo Wilson Durigan Giselda Roitman Iris Figueiredo Isabel Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro Pillar Valério D. de Oliveira Alba Orli Malhado Ana Claudia Alencar Ane Vendramini Annelise Padovezi Aurélio Carrascosa Helena Freitas Joberto Siqueira José Alves Shimbo Julia Generoso Leonel Graça Tabarelli Marcelo Biderman Rachel de Paiva Salomão Rafael Valle Raul Junior Brienza Nobre Carlos 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(4):735-736
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - The original version of the article unfortunately contained an error. 相似文献
987.
In this paper, we develop an approach for identifying the location of populations most vulnerable to extreme heat events and how those locations change over time. We scan the literature on measuring vulnerability, especially sensitivity and adaptive capacity of populations. We employ Census data for metropolitan Chicago for the years 1990, 2000, and 2010, and maximum likelihood factor analysis to derive an index and map the distribution of Census tracts where residents exhibit greater sensitivity and/or lower adaptive capacity to extreme heat. Our findings show a pattern of deconcentration and decentralization of these populations within the city and region over time, with gentrification and the suburbanization of poverty trends observed in many US metropolitan regions as possible contributing factors. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for planning efforts in the study area and offer suggestions for further research. 相似文献
988.
Barbara Witthuhn Peter Klauth Timea Pernyeszi Harry Vereecken Erwin Klumpp 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2006,6(3-4):317-329
The adsorption and degradation of chlorobenzene on partially modified organoclays and by the autochthonous microorganism Rhodococcus
B528 were studied by means of the batch technique. Organoclays were prepared from Na-montmorillonite (MM) by using dodecyltrimethylammonium
(C12) and dioctadecyldimethylammonium (2C18) bromides. The degree of modification was 35 (2C18-35-MM) and 89% (C12-89-MM) of the cation exchange capacity of MM. The adsorption experiments were carried out using headspace GC. The intercalation
of chlorobenzene into the interlayers of organo-MM was detected by X-ray diffraction.
The adsorption isotherms found were of the S1 type indicating a cooperative effect. Chlorobenzene showed a higher affinity
for 2C18-35-MM than C12-89-MM, which could not only be explained by the organic carbon content. The comparison with 2,4-dichlorophenol adsorption
has implied that for the studied systems the different adsorption mechanisms are primarily governed by the different molecular
properties and not by the type of absorbent. The presence of 2C18-35-MM caused no negative effect on the investigated microorganisms and complete biodegradation of chlorobenzene was achieved
without desorption limitation for growth, demonstrating the applicability of partially modified organoclays for bioremediation. 相似文献
989.
The coverage of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) has been extended to all public sector policies, plans and programmes subject to Scottish jurisdiction. Evaluation of the arguments advanced by the Scottish Executive for using environmental assessment as a tool for environmental governance requires an exploration of some of the contested interpretations of the function of environmental assessment at a strategic level. The paper examines the implications of this extension of the European Union SEA Directive in the context of current arrangements to fit environmental assessment into the UK tradition of integrated policy appraisal. It considers the methodological implications of using SEA explicitly for improving public sector decision making at all levels and across all activities. This enables environmental effects to be taken into account at an early stage in the formulation of government policy, through a transparent system of assessment which encourages public participation. 相似文献
990.
The development and regulatory acceptance of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) as a remedial strategy has forever changed the field of environmental cleanup. MNA is continuing to develop but it is challenged by a lack of a clear definition for the appropriate application of the MNA strategy. This challenge has resulted in the lack of a significant record of restoration and site closure. Environmental professionals face challenges in providing guidance that addresses how to manage these sites when technologies, performance monitoring, and even environmental conditions are subject to further development, refinement, and/or altered perspectives. As our experience and institutional knowledge grows around the implementation of MNA, we have the opportunity to develop “second‐generation” management tools and procedures for optimizing sites utilizing MNA as a part of a comprehensive site management plan. This opportunity is the focus of the Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics (EACO) Team of the Interstate Technology Regulatory Council (ITRC). The development of the “second‐generation” tools/procedures has included defining EA and evaluating, through the use of a national survey of state regulators, the experience with MNA and interest in EA. The results of these two efforts formed the basis for developing a framework that provides a “bridge” from active treatment to MNA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献