全文获取类型
收费全文 | 716篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 8篇 |
废物处理 | 26篇 |
环保管理 | 52篇 |
综合类 | 265篇 |
基础理论 | 127篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 200篇 |
评价与监测 | 18篇 |
社会与环境 | 26篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 14篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 45篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 20篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1967年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
1964年 | 6篇 |
1963年 | 6篇 |
1961年 | 5篇 |
1960年 | 7篇 |
1959年 | 8篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
1957年 | 6篇 |
1956年 | 11篇 |
1955年 | 12篇 |
1954年 | 6篇 |
1953年 | 4篇 |
1938年 | 4篇 |
1937年 | 6篇 |
1934年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有725条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
581.
Ehrich Dorothée Schmidt Niels M. Gauthier Gilles Alisauskas Ray Angerbjörn Anders Clark Karin Ecke Frauke Eide Nina E. Framstad Erik Frandsen Jay Franke Alastair Gilg Olivier Giroux Marie-Andrée Henttonen Heikki Hörnfeldt Birger Ims Rolf A. Kataev Gennadiy D. Kharitonov Sergey P. Killengreen Siw T. Krebs Charles J. Lanctot Richard B. Lecomte Nicolas Menyushina Irina E. Morris Douglas W. Morrisson Guy Oksanen Lauri Oksanen Tarja Olofsson Johan Pokrovsky Ivan G. Popov Igor Yu. Reid Donald Roth James D. Saalfeld Sarah T. Samelius Gustaf Sittler Benoit Sleptsov Sergey M. Smith Paul A. Sokolov Aleksandr A. Sokolova Natalya A. Soloviev Mikhail Y. Solovyeva Diana V. 《Ambio》2020,49(3):801-804
Ambio - In the original published article, some of the symbols in figure 1A were modified incorrectly during the typesetting and publication process. The correct version of the figure is provided... 相似文献
582.
Taylor Jason J. Lawler James P. Aronsson Mora Barry Tom Bjorkman Anne D. Christensen Tom Coulson Stephen J. Cuyler Christine Ehrich Dorothee Falk Knud Franke Alastair Fuglei Eva Gillespie Mark A. Heiðmarsson Starri Høye Toke Jenkins Liza K. Ravolainen Virve Smith Paul A. Wasowicz Pawel Schmidt Niels Martin 《Ambio》2020,49(3):833-847
Ambio - This review provides a synopsis of the main findings of individual papers in the special issue Terrestrial Biodiversity in a Rapidly Changing Arctic. The special issue was developed to... 相似文献
583.
Wallner P Kundi M Moshammer H Piegler K Hohenblum P Scharf S Fröhlich M Damberger B Tappler P Hutter HP 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(7):1976-1982
The Children's Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe (CEHAPE) of WHO focuses (inter alia) on improving indoor environments where children spend most of their time. At present, only little is known about air pollution in schools and its effect on the lung function of school children. Our project was set up as an Austrian contribution to CEHAPE. In a cross-sectional approach, differences in indoor pollution in nine elementary all-day schools were assessed and 34 of these pollutants were analyzed for a relationship with respiratory health determined by spirometry using a linear regression model. Overall 596 children (aged 6-10 years) were eligible for the study. Spirometry was performed in 433 children. Socio-economic status, area of living (urban/rural), and smoking at home were included in the model as potential confounders with school-related average concentration of air pollutants as the variable of primary interest. A negative association with flow volumes (MEF(75)) was found for formaldehyde in air samples, benzylbutylphthalate and the sum of polybrominated diphenylethers in school dust. FVC and FEV(1) were negatively associated with ethylbenzene and xylenes in air samples and tris(1,3-dichlor-2-propyl)-phosphate on particulates. Although, in general, the quality of school indoor air was not worse than that reported for homes, effects on the respiratory health of children cannot be excluded. A multi-faceted strategy to improve the school environment is needed. 相似文献
584.
Alumina extraction from bauxite ore with strong alkali produces waste bauxite refinery residue consisting of residue sand
and red mud. The amount and composition of refinery residue depend on the purity of the bauxite ore and extraction conditions,
and differs between refineries. The refinery residue is usually stored in engineered disposal areas that eventually have to
be revegetated. This is challenging because of the alkaline and sodic nature of the residue. At Alcan Gove’s bauxite refinery
in Gove, Northern Territory, Australia, research into revegetation of bauxite residue has been conducted since the mid-1970s.
In this review, we discuss approaches taken by Alcan Gove to achieve revegetation outcomes (soil capping of refinery residue)
on wet-slurry disposal areas. Problems encountered in the past include poor drainage and water logging during the wet season,
and salt scalding and capillary rise during the dry season. The amount of available water in the soil capping is the most
important determinant of vegetation survival in the seasonally dry climate. Vegetation cover was found to prevent deterioration
of the soil cover by minimising capillary rise of alkalinity from the refinery residue. The sodicity and alkalinity of the
residue in old impoundments has diminished slightly over the 25 years since it was deposited. However, development of a blocky
structure in red mud, presumably due to desiccation, allows root penetration, thereby supplying additional water to salt and
alkali-tolerant plant species. This has led to the establishment of an ecosystem that approaches a native woodland. 相似文献
585.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
586.
Equilibrium partitioning coefficients between an industrial coal tar sample and water (K(CT/w)) were determined for 41 polar and nonpolar solutes in batch systems. Together with literature values, 69 K(CT/w) data were analyzed using the following model approaches: Raoult's law, the single parameter linear free energy relationship (SPLFER) with octanol-water partitioning coefficients (K(ow)), the linear solvation energy relationships (LSERs), SPARC and COSMOtherm. Estimations by Raoult's law and the SPLFER agreed well with the experimental log K(CT/w) values for the investigated coal tar, with root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.31 and 0.33, respectively. LSER resulted in as good estimations (RMSE=0.29) as the previous two. The LSER analysis revealed significant hydrogen (H)-bond acceptor properties of the studied coal tar phase. Using naphthalene as a surrogate solvent for the coal tar phase, SPARC and COSMOtherm provided fairly good predictions (RMSE of 0.63 and 0.65, respectively) of log K(CT/w), without any additional empirical parameter. Further calculations using SPARC and COSMOtherm for partitioning between water and other tar-components (e.g., benzofuran, phenol and quinoline) suggested that minor components in coal tar do not significantly influence K(CT/w) of nonpolar solutes, and that Raoult's law and the SPLFER thus may be generally applied to these types of solutes, e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkylbenzenes, regardless of coal tar compositions. In contrast, partitioning of H-bonding solutes (e.g., phenols) can significantly vary depending on the amount of polar tar-components such as N-heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Therefore, the presented successful applications of Raoult's law and SPLFER to the studied coal tar could be a special case, and these simple approaches may not provide reasonable estimations for partitioning of H-bonding solutes from compositionally different coal tars. 相似文献
587.
Bernhard Ruth Sabine Grundmann Reiner Schroll 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2008,8(2):243-250
Volatile substances and gases resulting e.g. from degradation processes of chemicals in soils emit into the atmosphere and
no chemical mass balance is complete without considering this path. Closed soil chambers allow the evaluation of this transfer
to the atmosphere. This study deals with the influence of soil chambers with a glass plate cover on physical soil conditions
in the chambers and the possibility to simulate the exterior conditions within the chambers. The water content immediately
at the soil surface is an important factor for the microbial activity and the transfer of gaseous compounds to the atmosphere
as well. It is monitored by specially designed water content sensors in 1 cm depth in the chamber and as control outside.
Funnels with a cross section equal to the soil surface area of the chamber collect the rain water and channel it into the
soil chamber. This results in soil water content in the chambers very similar to that outside. For the purpose of analysing
14CO2 and volatile 14C-compounds, air is permanently pumped through the chamber. In order to simulate natural conditions, the wind speed is measured
1 cm above the soil surface outside the chambers. A control circuit adjusts the air flow through the chamber to a value corresponding
to the wind speed outside. Temperature measurements in 1 cm depth verify that there is no significant difference between the
soil chamber and the control outside. 相似文献
588.
Cowan-Ellsberry CE Dyer SD Erhardt S Bernhard MJ Roe AL Dowty ME Weisbrod AV 《Chemosphere》2008,70(10):1804-1817
National and international chemical management programs are assessing thousands of chemicals for their persistence, bioaccumulative and environmental toxic properties; however, data for evaluating the bioaccumulation potential for fish are limited. Computer based models that account for the uptake and elimination processes that contribute to bioaccumulation may help to meet the need for reliable estimates. One critical elimination process of chemicals is metabolic transformation. It has been suggested that in vitro metabolic transformation tests using fish liver hepatocytes or S9 fractions can provide rapid and cost-effective measurements of fish metabolic potential, which could be used to refine bioconcentration factor (BCF) computer model estimates. Therefore, recent activity has focused on developing in vitro methods to measure metabolic transformation in cellular and subcellular fish liver fractions. A method to extrapolate in vitro test data to the whole body metabolic transformation rates is presented that could be used to refine BCF computer model estimates. This extrapolation approach is based on concepts used to determine the fate and distribution of drugs within the human body which have successfully supported the development of new pharmaceuticals for years. In addition, this approach has already been applied in physiologically-based toxicokinetic models for fish. The validity of the in vitro to in vivo extrapolation is illustrated using the rate of loss of parent chemical measured in two independent in vitro test systems: (1) subcellular enzymatic test using the trout liver S9 fraction, and (2) primary hepatocytes isolated from the common carp. The test chemicals evaluated have high quality in vivo BCF values and a range of logK(ow) from 3.5 to 6.7. The results show very good agreement between the measured BCF and estimated BCF values when the extrapolated whole body metabolism rates are included, thus suggesting that in vitro biotransformation data could effectively be used to reduce in vivo BCF testing and refine BCF model estimates. However, additional fish physiological data for parameterization and validation for a wider range of chemicals are needed. 相似文献
589.
Unlike synthetic metal chelators, microbe-assisted phytoremediation provides plants with natural metal-solubilizing chelators which do not constitute a potential source of environmental pollution. Concurrently with microbial chelators, plant growth promotion can be enhanced through bacterially-produced phytohormones. In this work, the simultaneous production of siderophores and auxins by Streptomyces was studied to gain insight for future application in plant growth and phytoremediation in a metal-contaminated soil. Standard auxin and siderophore detection assays indicated that all of the investigated Streptomyces strains can produce these metabolites simultaneously. However, Al(3+), Cd(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+) and Ni(2+), or a combination of Fe(3+) and Cd(2+), and Fe(3+) and Ni(2+) affected auxin production negatively, as revealed by spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This effect was more dramatic in a siderophore-deficient mutant. In contrast, except for Fe, all the metals stimulated siderophore production. Mass spectrometry showed that siderophore and auxin-containing supernatants from a representative Streptomyces species contain three different hydroxamate siderophores, revealing the individual binding responses of these siderophores to Cd(2+) and Ni(2+), and thus, showing their auxin-stimulating effects. We conclude that siderophores promote auxin synthesis in the presence of Al(3+), Cd(2+), Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) by chelating these metals. Chelation makes the metals less able to inhibit the synthesis of auxins, and potentially increases the plant growth-promoting effects of auxins, which in turn enhances the phytoremediation potential of plants. 相似文献
590.
Gunold R Schäfer RB Paschke A Schüürmann G Liess M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,155(1):52-60
Passive sampling is a powerful method for continuous pollution monitoring, but calibration experiments are still needed to generate sampling rates in order to estimate water concentrations for polar compounds. We calibrated the Chemcatcher device with an uncovered SDB-XC Empore disk as receiving phase for 12 polar and semi-polar pesticides in aquatic environments in flow-through tank experiments at two water flow velocities (0.135 m/s and 0.4 m/s). In the 14-day period of exposure the uptake of test substances in the sampler remained linear, and all derived sampling rates R(s) were in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 L/day. By additionally monitoring the release of two preloaded polar pesticides from the SDB-XC disks over time, very high variation in release kinetics was found, which calls into question the applicability of performance reference compounds. Our study expands the applicability of the Chemcatcher for monitoring trace concentrations of pesticides with frequent occurrence in water. 相似文献