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721.
Christine Vanessa Schmidt Sabine Frohschammer Alexandra Schrempf Jürgen Heinze 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(1):69-72
Mother–son mating (oedipal mating) is practically non-existent in social Hymenoptera, as queens typically avoid inbreeding, mate only early in life and do not mate again after having begun to lay eggs. In the ant genus Cardiocondyla mating occurs among sib in the natal nests. Sex ratios are extremely female-biased and young queens face the risk of remaining without mating partners. Here, we show that virgin queens of Cardiocondyla argyrotricha produce sons from their own unfertilized eggs and later mate with them to produce female offspring from fertilized eggs. Oedipal mating may allow C. argyrotricha queens to found new colonies when no mating partners are available and thus maintains their unusual life history combining monogyny, mating in the nest, and low male production. Our result indicates that a trait that sporadically occurs in solitary haplodiploid animals may evolve also in social Hymenoptera under appropriate ecological and social conditions. 相似文献
722.
Kay Grossmann Thuro Arnold Robin Steudtner Stefan Weiss Gert Bernhard 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2009,96(8):963-974
Low-temperature alteration reactions on uranium phases may lead to the mobilization of uranium and thereby poses a potential
threat to humans living close to uranium-contaminated sites. In this study, the surface alteration of uraninite (UO2) and uranium tetrachloride (UCl4) in air atmosphere was studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy using
an excitation wavelength of 408 nm. It was found that within minutes the oxidation state on the surface of the uraninite and
the uranium tetrachloride changed. During the surface alteration process U(IV) atoms on the uraninite and uranium tetrachloride
surface became stepwise oxidized by a one-electron step at first to U(V) and then further to U(VI). These observed changes
in the oxidation states of the uraninite surface were microscopically visualized and spectroscopically identified on the basis
of their fluorescence emission signal. A fluorescence signal in the wavelength range of 415–475 nm was indicative for metastable
uranium(V), and a fluorescence signal in the range of 480–560 nm was identified as uranium(VI). In addition, the oxidation
process of tetravalent uranium in aqueous solution at pH 0.3 was visualized by CLSM and U(V) was fluorescence spectroscopically
identified. The combination of microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy provided a very convincing visualization of the brief
presence of U(V) as a metastable reaction intermediate and of the simultaneous coexistence of the three states U(IV), U(V),
and U(VI). These results have a significant importance for fundamental uranium redox chemistry and should contribute to a
better understanding of the geochemical behavior of uranium in nature.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
723.
van Putten E. Ingrid Pinkard Elizabeth O’Grady Anthony Schmidt Rebecca K. Cresswell Ian Raoult Vincent Taylor Matt D. 《The Environmentalist》2021,41(4):541-555
Environment Systems and Decisions - Globally we are experiencing a decline in aggregate natural capital. Many primary industries and enterprises are highly dependent on renewable and non-renewable... 相似文献
724.
Rooney James P. K. Michalke Bernhard Geoghegan Gráinne Heverin Mark Bose-O’Reilly Stephan Hardiman Orla Rakete Stefan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(50):75356-75364
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Human biomonitoring studies are of increasing importance in regulatory toxicology; however, there is a paucity of human biomonitoring data for the... 相似文献
725.
Mohammadi Azam Dobaradaran Sina Schmidt Torsten C. Malakootian Mohammad Spitz Jörg 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(50):75134-75160
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Migration of emerging contaminants (ECs) from pipes into water is a global concern due to potential human health effects. Nevertheless, a review of... 相似文献