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11.
Karim D. Kalache Bianca Masturzo Agostino Pierro Donald Peebles Lyn S. Chitty 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(4):308-310
Sonographic demonstration of normal tracheal diameter and breathing-related lung fluid flow at 30 weeks' gestation in a fetus with a giant neck mass confirmed patent airways, thus avoiding an EXIT procedure. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Bianca Unglaub Jasmin Ruch Marie E. Herberstein Jutta M. Schneider 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2013,67(5):785-794
A reduced predation risk is considered to be a major adaptive advantage of sociality. While most studies are concerned with non-predatory prey species, group-living predators are likely to face similar threats from higher-order predators. We studied the relationship between group size and predation risk in the subsocial crab spider Diaea ergandros by testing predictions from theoretical models including attack abatement as well as the formation of protective retreats. In a field survey, we found predatory clubionid spiders in 35 % of the D. ergandros nests and as predicted, nest size did not correlate with predator presence. In a subsequent laboratory experiment, we observed survival probability, nest construction activity and feeding behaviour including weight development between groups of different sizes as well as in the absence or presence of a predator. Large groups had an advantage in terms of survival and growth compared to smaller groups or single individuals. They also built significantly larger nests than smaller groups, supporting the idea of protective retreat formation being an adaptive benefit to group living. Even though clubionids did attack D. ergandros, they did not significantly affect overall mortality of D. ergandros. The feeding experiment showed that spiders fed on a larger proportion of flies in the presence of a predator. However, these groups gained significantly less weight compared to the control groups, indicating that the potential predators not only act as predators but also as food competitors, constituting a twofold cost for D. ergandros. 相似文献
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Jake Morris Elizabeth O'Brien Bianca Ambrose-Oji Anna Lawrence Claudia Carter Andrew Peace 《Local Environment》2013,18(4):375-396
This paper presents results from research that identified and analysed barriers to accessing British woodlands and forests. This paper aims to contribute to an understanding of access and accessibility and to inform the design of policy and management interventions to encourage increased access by under-represented social groups. A brief review of policy and academic literature places the issue of inclusive woodland and forest access in the context of contemporary debates surrounding public health, well-being, diversity and the perceived role of public green space. There follows an analysis of quantitative and qualitative research findings, informing the presentation of a working typology of barriers. The typology is structured around the access needs of various social groups, allowing an analysis of the social distribution of barriers. The findings indicate the deep-seated psychological, emotional and socio-cultural nature of some barriers and highlight the need for carefully designed interventions that may lie outside the conventional remit of woodland management. This paper will be of particular interest to decision-makers and practitioners and to those involved in the design and delivery of policies, programmes and projects aimed at encouraging inclusive use of woodlands, forests and other types of green space. 相似文献
15.
Paola Bianca Camisani 《Sustainability Science》2018,13(3):693-707
By analyzing 26 cases in the EJ Atlas for Sri Lanka, their causes, the impacts, the social actors involved, the forms of mobilization, and the main outcomes of the conflicts, this article examines in what ways activities aiming at economic growth produce socio-environmental conflicts. Such activities increase the social metabolism causing changes that translate into environmental, social, and health impacts which due to inequality of power are unequally distributed. As a result, those who are negatively impacted sometimes mobilize claiming environmental justice. The mining of construction materials to support the boom in the building sector and the expansion of intensive plantations into ‘extraction frontiers’ in new territories, cause deforestation, biodiversity loss, and hurt the local communities. Tourism and industries and new infrastructures are causing displacement, pollution, land degradation, and water shortage, affecting communities of farmers and fishermen that mobilize against the adverse impacts. Those with power to appropriate the natural resources are mostly the state together with international finance institutions and international actors who are able to implement the construction of infrastructures, plantations, and mass tourism. Mobilizations are mostly geared to the protection of livelihoods threatened by loss of access to land, pollution, deforestation, diseases, water scarcity, and new uncertain risks. The protection of the environment demanded by the mobilized groups in Sri Lanka does not aim just to protect nature itself but belongs to a wider movement of an “environmentalism of the poor”. 相似文献
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Mendes Bruna de Oliveira Rabelo Letícia Martins e Silva Bianca Costa de Souza Joyce Moreira da Silva Castro André Luis da Silva Anderson Rodrigo de Lima Rodrigues Aline Sueli Malafaia Guilherme 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(23):19234-19248
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The current study has assessed whether the oral and/or dermal exposure of C57Bl/6 J mice to tannery effluent (a complex pollutant consisting of... 相似文献
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Cauê Bonucci Moreira Ricardo Vieira Rodrigues Luis Alberto Romano Emeline Pereira Gusmão Bianca Hartwig Seyffert Luís André Sampaio Kleber Campos Miranda-Filho 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(8):5565-5574
Petroleum hydrocarbons are considered one of the main organic chemicals found in water bodies. In the present study, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was estimated for mullet Mugil liza after acute exposure to petroleum water-soluble fraction (PWSF). Furthermore, histopathological studies and micronuclei frequency were also performed in order to observe deleterious effects of medium-term exposition to PWSF. Mullets (25?±?2.3 g) were exposed to chronic concentrations (1.7, 3.5 and 7 % of PWSF), plus the control group, for 14 and 7 days of clearance time. Throughout the experimental period (1, 4, 14 and 21 days), blood samples were collected for analysis of micronucleus (MN) and liver and gills for histopathological study. For these procedures, seven fish were sampled per concentration tested. The LC50-96 h was estimated at 37.5 % of the PWSF. The time required for MN induction was 96 h of exposure. The time of clearance was sufficient to achieve a MN frequency similar to that of the control group. Histopathological studies showed severe changes in the gill and liver tissues. The most relevant histopathology in the gills was telangiectasia. Hepatic histopathology such as cholestasis, dilated sinusoids and inflammatory infiltrates were commonly described. The MN test and histological study effectively detected damages caused by medium-term exposition to the PWSF, and despite the toxicity, a few days without exposure can minimize PWSF genotoxicity in juveniles of M. liza. 相似文献
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Maxine Thorel Herve Piégay Carole Barthelemy Bianca Räpple Charles-Robin Gruel Pierre Marmonier Thierry Winiarski Jean-Philippe Bedell Fanny Arnaud Gwenaelle Roux Jonh C Stella Gabrielle Seignemartin Alvaro Tena-Pagan Vincent Wawrzyniak Dad Roux-Michollet Benjamin Oursel Stéphanie Fayolle Céline Bertrand Evelyne Franquet 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(7):2019-2031
River restoration efforts require interdisciplinary approaches involving fluvial geomorphology, hydraulic engineering, ecology, sedimentology, chemistry, social geography, and sociology. We investigated the functioning of artificial structures called “Casiers Girardon” (groyne fields) in the Rhône River. We assessed potential benefits and risks linked to removing the Rhône groyne fields in a restoration context, with particular focus on the potential for increased bank erosion. Hydraulic, morphological, chemical, ecological, and social issues resulting from dismantlement were studied for terrestrialized and aquatic Casiers Girardon. Only 10% of Casiers Girardon have maintained their aquatic features, whereas most of the Casiers are terrestrialized. Our results help to confirm the effectiveness of restoration actions; however, they also indicate uncertainties and additional knowledge needs, especially in regard to potential incompatibilities between Casier restoration and conservation. Then, an interdisciplinary conceptual model was developed to identify interventions to be considered in Casiers Girardon, according to their terrestrialization rate and physiochemical characteristics (connectivity, amount of gravel vs. fine sediment, contamination level). This model synthetizes scientific results and expert judgment and provides management recommendations based on ecological and sociological expectations about the restoration of Casiers Girardon. The model highlights high heterogeneity in functioning and ecological potential between terrestrialized and aquatic Casiers. Dismantling of terrestrialized Casiers has strong potential to provide multiple benefits, whereas aquatic Casiers could be maintained as valuable backwaters. The managing guidelines for the Casiers Girardon of the Rhône River should be adapted according to local conditions, as well as expected benefits and needs, and conducted in co-ordination with all actors involved in and affected by the restoration. 相似文献
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Bundschuh Mirco Zubrod Jochen P. Konschak Marco Baudy Patrick Frombold Bianca Schulz Ralf 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(36):49550-49558
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (nTiO2) is frequently applied, raising concerns about potential side effects on the environment. While various... 相似文献
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Juliana Stéfani Jabur De Assis Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo Bianca A. B. Martins Roberto Estevão Bragion Toledo Ricardo Victória Filho 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(11):746-750
ABSTRACTIn Brazil, weed management in sugarcane fields is mainly done with the use of selective herbicide formulations. For many years, diuron+hexazinone was one of the main herbicide mixture formulations used in sugarcane. Later, sulfometuron-methyl was included in the same mixture, which was marketed as a new herbicide formulation for residual in-season weed control in sugarcane. The mixture diuron+hexazinone+sulfometuron-methyl has been widely used in commercial sugarcane fields in Brazil. However, recent field observations have shown that sugarcane plants at different growth stages varied in their phytotoxicity levels after treatment with diuron+hexazinone+sulfometuron-methyl. Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to determine 14Csulfometuron-methyl absorption and translocation, as well as 14C distribution in sugarcane at two growth stages, 2 to 3 leaves and 5 to 6 leaves. 14Csulfometuron-methyl absorption by sugarcane did not differ between the two growth stages. Different patterns of 14C accumulation were observed, which may explain variations in sulfometuron-methyl phytotoxic responses observed in the field. 相似文献