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121.
Dr. H. Grosse-Wilde E. Valentine-Thon U. Vögeler E. Passarge F. Lorenzen W. G. Sippell F. Bidlingmaier D. Knorr 《黑龙江环境通报》1988,8(2):131-143
In 18 families at risk for the HLA-linked, 21-hydroxylase deficient form of autosomal recessive congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), prenatal diagnosis (PD) was performed using two methods: (1) HLA-A,B,C typing and in the latter 11 cases also DR typing of cultured amniotic fluid cells (AFC) using the standard microcytotoxicity assay, and (2) measurement of second trimester amniotic fluid 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) concentration using gel chromatography and radioimmunoassay. The accuracy of the prenatal predictions was confirmed by postnatal HLA typing of umbilical cord blood lymphocytes and by clinical evaluation. In 16/18 families, both HLA typing of AFC and 17-OHP measurements proved informative for PD. The predictions of both methods were concordant in 14/16 families (88 per cent). In ten of these families, a normal fetus was predicted, and in four, an affected fetus; all pregnancies were carried to term and all predictions were confirmed postnatally. In 2/16 cases (12 per cent), however, the predictions were discordant: the prenatal HLA typing indicated an affected fetus, whereas the 17-OHP values predicted a normal fetus. Both pregnancies were continued and two healthy boys were delivered. The discordance proved to be due to a ‘missed’ HLA antigen in one case and to serologically cross-reactive HLA antigens in the second. Finally, in 2/18 cases, prenatal assessment of fetal genotype had to rely on HLA typing alone as 17-OHP measurement was not performed in one family and in the second family the 17-OHP values obtained were not informative due to inadvertent continuation of hormone therapy to the date of amniocentesis. In both cases, the HLA typing data accurately predicted a normal fetus. In conclusion, a combination of HLA typing of cultured AFC and 17-OHP measurements of amniotic fluid permits accurate prenatal diagnosis of CAH in most cases (88 per cent). In addition, the supplementary use of HLA-DR typing of AFC as presented here for the first time proved helpful in families with HLA-A.B homozygosity due to parental sharing of antigens and can be informative for identifying HLA-B/21-OH recombinant haplotypes. 相似文献
122.
123.
Werner Loher 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1981,9(3):219-225
Summary Virgin Teleogryllus commodus females show rhythmic locomotor activity in light-dark (LD) and constant light (LL) conditions. A taped 3-h calling song stimulates them into further walking, and they lay few eggs. Successful mating suppresses or reduces circadian-controlled walking, but in LL-conditions the free-run still persists. Mated females no longer respond to the 3-h calling song. The number of eggs laid within 24–72 h after insemination increases, and the three effects of mating occur independently of one another. The possible physiological basis of these changes and their ecological and behavioral significance under field conditions are discussed. 相似文献
124.
A long-term sampling method for PCDF/D in emissions from combustion facilities is presented. The sampling of PCDF/D was performed over a four week period. The results are compared to results of four one-week measurements. 相似文献
125.
Werner Theobald 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》2004,16(4):219-222
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There is great need for toxicity tests with higher plants for the investigation and monitoring of chemicals in the environment — especially for tests which are quick, easy, and inexpensive. Such tests should add to and improve current guidelines, e.g., OECD- and BBA-Guidelines. This article describes the nodulation of leguminous plants withRhizobium bacteria used in a bioassay with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Plants growing on a solid medium were exposed simultaneously to bacteria and PAH. This axenic culture system allows to observe the impact of PAH on plant growth and the interaction between plant and bacteria (nodulation). Dose-response-experiments indicated that nodulation measured as number of nodules per plant, was more sensitive to the inhibition by PAH than other plant growth parameters. 相似文献
128.
Bruno S Frey Friedrich Schneider Werner W Pommerehne 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》1985,12(1):62-71
Incentive instruments (effluent charges) are theoretically expected to be preferred to direct regulations (individual emission ceilings) by university-employed, theoretically inclined politically right-wing, professional economists living in a market-oriented country, ceteris paribus. Public sector employed, politically left-wing, professional economists living in a country with a long tradition of government involvement prefer the regulatory approach, ceteris paribus. These theoretical hypotheses tend to be supported by a bivariate probit analysis based on a survey of more than 1400 economists in five countries. 相似文献
129.
130.