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湖北省湖泊水环境化学特征及其与人类活动的关系 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过对湖北省近30个湖泊水环境化学的分析,探讨了湖北省湖泊水质状况和湖水的化学稳定性,指出远离工业区和居民生活区的湖泊水质一般较好,城区或城效型湖泊在不同程度上受到了工业废水和生活污水的影响。控制,消除湖泊污染是今后经济、社会和环境建设不可忽视的重要工作。 相似文献
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C. Marjorie Aelion Harley T. Davis Andrew B. Lawson Bo Cai Suzanne McDermott 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2013,35(1):1-12
Lead (Pb) is a well-studied environmental contaminant that has many negative health effects, especially for children. Both racial/ethnic and income disparities have been documented with respect to exposure to Pb in soils. The objectives of this study were to assess whether soil Pb concentrations in rural and urban areas of South Carolina USA, previously identified as having clusters of intellectual disabilities (ID) in children, were positively associated with populations of minority and low-income individuals and children (≤6 years of age). Surface soils from two rural and two urban areas with identified clusters of ID were analyzed for Pb and concentrations were spatially interpolated using inverse distance weighted analysis. Population race/ethnicity and income-to-poverty ratio (ITPR) from United States Census 2000 block group data were aerially interpolated by block group within each area. Urban areas had significantly higher concentrations of Pb than rural areas. Significant positive associations between black, non-Hispanic Latino, individuals and children ≤6 years of age and mean estimated Pb concentrations were observed in both urban (r = 0.38, p = 0.0007) and rural (r = 0.53, p = 0.04) areas. Significant positive associations also were observed between individuals and children with an ITPR < 1.00 and Pb concentrations, though primarily in urban areas. Racial/ethnic minorities and low ITPR individuals, including children, may be at elevated risk for exposure to Pb in soils. 相似文献
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防空干道地下水质YD390-400mg/l,TDS750 mg,/l,经强化纤维过滤-OR低压反渗透装置处理后水质达到钛白粉生产工艺用水标准。YD〈200mg/l,TDS〈450mg/l。工艺条件:处理量7000M^3/d,净水荆加入量1501/h,反渗透设计压力2.5Mpa,工作压力1.3Mpa,工作温度10℃-30℃,采用芳香族聚酰胺反渗透膜,设计压力4.0Mpa,工作压力1.5Mpa,工作温度10℃-40℃。同时,该处理系统占地面积小,工艺成熟,简洁、高效,在确保出水达标的同时降低了运行成本。在强化纤维过滤中采用GM多功能净水剂,具有絮凝快,分离速度快,分界清楚,浊度去除高。反渗透工序分离过程不需加热,没有相的变化,具有耗能较少,设备体积小、操作简单、适应性强,应用广泛。 相似文献
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城市内涝对城市基础设施造成极大损害且危及市民人身财产安全,需要通过科学评估手段对城市内涝进行风险评估,是防灾减灾工作中的重要一环.以SWMM模拟四种不同设计雨情下广州市南浦岛内的积水状况,利用ArcGIS进行数据分析、功能优化及专题图制作,分析致灾因子和受灾区域性质,结合相关规范建立风险评估体系,通过分析危险性和敏感性对南浦岛主排水管网设计工程的风险评估.利用插值分析得到与实际地形地貌相吻合的灾害风险等级分布图,为防灾减灾提供了决策依据. 相似文献
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GuanNan Xiong YunHui Zhang YongHong Duan ChuanYang Cai Xin Wang JingYa Li Shu Tao WenXin Liu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(23):18953-18965
Samples of ambient air (including gaseous and particulate phases), dust fall, surface soil, rhizosphere soil, core (edible part), outer leaf, and root of cabbage from eight vegetable plots near a large coking manufacturer were collected during the harvest period. Concentrations, compositions, and distributions of parent PAHs in different samples were determined. Our results indicated that most of the parent PAHs in air occurred in the gaseous phase, dominated by low molecular weight (LMW) species with two to three rings. Specific isomeric ratios and principal component analysis were employed to preliminarily identify the local sources of parent PAHs emitted. The main emission sources of parent PAHs could be apportioned as a mixture of coal combustion, coking production, and traffic tailing gas. PAH components with two to four rings were prevailing in dust fall, surface soil, and rhizosphere soil. Concentrations of PAHs in surface soil exhibited a significant positive correlation with topsoil TOC fractions. Compositional profiles in outer leaf and core of cabbage, dominated by LMW species, were similar to those in the local air. Overall, the order of parent PAH concentration in cabbage was outer leaf > root > core. Partial correlation analysis and multivariate linear stepwise regression revealed that PAH concentrations in cabbage core were closely associated with PAHs present both in root and in outer leaf, namely, affected by adsorption, then absorption, and translocation of PAHs from rhizosphere soil and ambient air, respectively. 相似文献