Biomass as the Renewable Energy Sources in Malaysia: An Overview

Past and current economic growths of Malaysia have been primarily energized by fossil fuels. Malaysia has very substantial potential for biomass energy utilization given its equatorial climate that is ideal for dense tropical forest growth and agricultural vegetation. There are five major sectors contributing wastes to biomass energy in Malaysia: forestry (wood products), rubber cultivation, cocoa cultivation, sugar cane cultivation and oil palm cultivation. Biomass in Malaysia contributes about 14% of the approximately 340 million barrel of oil equivalent (boe) of energy used every year. This paper provides an overview on the types of biomass being used, the research works on biomass conversion into energy and the present biomass energy projects in Malaysia.     

The effect of nanosilica incorporation on the mechanical properties of concrete exposed to elevated temperature: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposing concrete to high temperatures leads to harmful effects in its mechanical and microstructural properties, and ultimately to total failure. In...     

Curcumin antagonizes inflammation and autophagy induced by arsenic trioxide through immune protection in duck spleen

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Arsenic is a toxic heavy metal widely found in the natural environment and has adverse effects on the health of waterfowl and human. Curcumin (CUR), a...     

Influence of inclination angle on dust migration and settlement characteristics of excavation roadway

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The migration law of dust in the roadway is the basis of dust control, but most of the relevant studies are based on the horizontal roadway, ignoring...     

Adsorption characteristics of siloxanes in landfill gas by the adsorption equilibrium test

Due to the increase in energy cost by constantly high oil prices and the obligation to reduce greenhouse effect gases, landfill gas is frequently used as an alternative energy source for producing heat and electricity. Most of landfill gas utility facilities, however, are experiencing problems controlling siloxanes from landfill gas as their catalytic oxidizers are becoming fouled by silicon dioxide dust. To evaluate adsorption characteristics of siloxanes, an adsorption equilibrium test was conducted and parameters in the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were analyzed. Coconut activated carbon (CA1), coal activated carbon (CA2), impregnated activated carbon (CA3), silicagel (NCA1), and activated alumina (NCA2) were used for the adsorption of the mixed siloxane which contained hexamethyldisiloxane (L2), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). L2 had higher removal efficiency in noncarbon adsorbents compared to carbon adsorbents. The application of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm demonstrated that coconut based CA1 and CA3 provided higher adsorption capacity on L2. And CA2 and NCA1 provided higher adsorption capacity on D4 and D5. Based on the experimental results, L2, D4, and D5 were converted by adsorption and desorption in noncarbon adsorbents. Adsorption affinity of siloxane is considered to be affect by the pore size distribution of the adsorbents and by the molecular size of each siloxane.     

化工企业安全管理路在何方

1998年国务院机构改革,原化工部改为国家石油和化学工业局。2001年国务院再次进行机构调整,9个国家直属工业局,改为9个行业协会。行业协会主要是为企业提供信息服务的中介组织,与企业没有行政隶属关系。改革后,行业结构经历了一番新变革,原有格局被打破。在新形势下,化工企业安全生产管理存在哪些问题,如何应对?有一系列问题需要人们认真思考。     

Reply to comments on "Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite" by Yuhshan Ho

There were several first-order kinetic equations used and cited by previous publications （Do,an et al., 2007; Eftekhari et al., 2010; Lagergren, 1898; Kannan and Sundaram, 2001;Ozcan et al., 2006）：     

Adaptation strategies of climate variability impacts on alpine grassland ecosystems in Tibetan Plateau

Northern Tibet is the headstream region for the Yangtze, Salween River, Mekong River, and numerous other inflowing rivers and high mountain lakes. Sustaining the environmental conditions in the region is of vital importance for Tibet and the whole of China. The alpine grassland ecosystem in Northern Tibet is the most important ecosystem and extremely sensitive to climate change and human activity. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of climate variability based on observed meteorological data and future climate scenarios, and reviewed the impact of climate variability and to explore adaptation strategies of alpine grassland in Northern Tibet. The result showed that the annual mean temperature has increased by 0.31 °C·10a^?1 while the annual total precipitation has increased by 14.6 mm·10a^?1 with high inter-annual and inter-seasonal fluctuations in Northern Tibet from 1961 to 2008. The rising trends of temperature and precipitation would be continued and the aridity indices showed a decreasing trend in the future, which potentially predicts that the climate in Northern Tibet becomes warmer and dryer. The climate variability results the melting of glaciers, the expansion of inland high mountain lakes and the negative impacts on alpine grassland in recent years. In order to adapt to such possible future climate changes, the alpine grassland water-saving irrigation was recommended as key adaptation measure and also rational grazing management, alpine grassland fencing and artificial grass planting were selected as adaptation measures, to lower the negative impacts of climate variability on the alpine grassland ecosystem in Northern Tibet.     

基于RS和GIS的河北省生物丰度和植被覆盖度归一化系数研究

利用河北省生态环境十年变化（2000—2010）遥感调查与评估项目2010年土地利用类型数据,计算河北省2010年省级生物丰度和植被覆盖指数归一化系数,并对各县市的归一化系数进行分析和研究,绘制2010年河北省生物丰度和植被覆盖指数等级图,清晰反映出全省的区域分布特征,为河北省生态环境影响评价研究提供技术支撑。