国内外先进化工园区管理经验借鉴及启示

随着全球经济一体化步伐的加快,中国的化工企业已呈现出向各种化工园区集聚发展的态势。作为经济增长点,化工园区发展带来的环境、生态问题日益突出。本文分析了国内外先进化工园区管理模式及经验,总结了目前国内化工园区管理中存在的问题,通过借鉴成功经验,提出了解决我国化工园区环境管理问题的对策,以期为改善我国化工园区管理现状、促进化工园区科学发展提供理论依据。     

Enhanced photoelectrocatalytic degradation of ammonia by in situ photoelectrogenerated active chlorine on TiO2 nanotube electrodes

TiO_2 nanotube(Ti NT) electrodes anodized in fluorinated organic solutions were successfully prepared on Ti sheets. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) were performed to characterize the TiNT electrodes. The linear voltammetry results under irradiation showed that the TiNT electrode annealed at 450°C presented the highest photoelectrochemical activity. By combining photocatalytic with electrochemical process, a significantly synergetic effect on ammonia degradation was observed with Na_2SO_4 as supporting electrolyte at pH 10.7. Furthermore, the photoelectrocatalytic efficiency on the ammonia degradation was greatly enhanced in presence of chloride ions without the limitation of pH. The degradation rate was improved by 14.8 times reaching 4.98 × 10~(-2) min~(-1) at pH 10.7 and a faster degradation rate of 6.34 × 10~(-2) min~(-1)was obtained at pH 3.01. The in situ photoelectrocatalytic generated active chlorine was proposed to be responsible for the improved efficiency. On the other hand, an enhanced degradation of ammonia using TiNT electrode fabricated in fluorinated organic solution was also confirmed compared to TiNT electrode anodized in fluorinated water solution and TiO_2 film electrode fabricated by sol–gel method. Finally, the effect of chloride concentration was also discussed.     

共享"红线" ——宜昌市环境总体规划信息管理与应用系统(V1.0)开发研究

在宜昌环境总体规划(2013-2030)得到市人大批复实施的背景下,为共享环境总体规划生态功能红线、环境质量红线与资源开发红线("三条红线")、为满足提供规划实施与评估有效途径的实际需求,在市信息办及环保局现有业务信息系统现状评价基础上,综合运用GIS、海量空间数据管理、SOA架构、瓦片地图分发、移动GIS等技术,设计开发了宜昌市环境总体规划信息管理与应用系统(V1.0),实现了"三条红线"等相关数据成果的地图展示、查询等精确管理分析以及项目环境影响评价的辅助决策.     

二氧化钛光催化降解甲醛反应动力学研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体，应用溶胶一凝胶法制备TiO2粉体和负载TiO2薄膜，考察了不同活化温度和活化时间对TiO2光催化降解甲醛性能的影响，并对TiO2薄膜光催化降解甲醛的反应动力学进行了研究。试验结果表明，在活化温度450℃、活化时间5h条件下，所得TiO2粉体及薄膜的光催化活性较好。不同初始浓度下甲醛光催化降解率与时间关系的动力学研究表明，一级反应动力学模型与试验数据拟合较好，方差R^2大于或等于0．99。     

OPTIMIZATION IN MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM DESIGN1

ABSTRACT. The design of a municipal water supply system may involve utilizing singly or in combination a conventional water supply, a desalted water supply, and a supply from a recharged aquifer reservoir. Optimization of the design requires a model formulated in a way that modern methods of systems analysis can be used. This study concerns the formulation, solution, and evaluation of a mathematical model of a municipal water supply system that includes a supply from a variable quality output desalting plant. The combined system is operated in conjunction with an artificially recharged aquifer reservoir. Also considered are short periods of water shortages. The model is set up in an approximate linear programming format, and the optimum solution (minimum cost) is found. The model is tested by applying it to the design of a supply system to meet the 1985 estimated water demand of the city of Lincoln, Nebraska. Results of this test indicate that the artificial reservoir and the existing conventional supply system are capable of supplying that demand during all but the peak period. An electrodialysis desalting system is used in this analysis. It is competitive only when the length of transmission pipeline for a conventional supply system approaches 90 miles. The model is formulated in a general way so that it can be applied to almost all situations encountered in municipal water supply design, as well as to the specific system designated for this study.     

A TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING RAINFALL POTENTIAL1

ABSTRACT The roles played by thermodynamic stability and precipitable water in the production of rainfall are of prime importance. These two variables have been combined into a “Rainfall Potential” function by the use of multivariate statistical techniques. Data from weather stations in southern New Mexico and southwest Texas were used in the study. The results appear promising for further investigation, possibly in relation to the occurrence of rare but extremely heavy rains     

受限空间烟气运动盐水模拟研究的现状和展望

回顾了受限空间火灾烟气运动盐水实验模拟研究的发展历史;介绍了盐水实验模拟的理论基础及其在火灾烟气运动研究领域的应用情况和最新进展;分析和讨论了模拟研究过程中所存在的主要问题及其可能的解决方法。所有这些研究和探索,对于受限空间火灾烟气运动盐水实验模拟研究方法的创新和完善有重要的启发作用。     

土壤渗滤对污染河流重金属去除效果研究

本试验通过模拟野外河滩土壤渗滤,分析测定原水和渗滤出水水质重金属浓度,研究天然土壤和填充碎石、沸石、活性炭、陶粒的土壤组合介质对水中重金属浓度的去除效果。结果表明：天然土壤和填充碎石、沸石、陶粒的土壤组合介质对河水中Hg的平均去除率分别为73．3％、49．4％、25．0％、75．0％。填充沸石的土壤组合介质在运行15天左右对河水中Cd的去除率也能达到30％。     

水库水质安全保障对策研究——以长潭水库为例

水库的供水功能日渐重要,水库水质安全已经成为保障社会稳定和经济发展的基础。水库环境污染问题不断加剧,保障水库水质安全日趋紧迫。水库水质安全保障需从外源污染控制、内源污染控制、水库生态系统恢复和突发事故应急等多方面着手。本文结合长潭水库情况,全面分析水库水质安全的保障对策。     

分子筛装置长周期运转影响因素及对策

针对中国石油抚顺石化公司石油三厂分子筛装置预分馏单元空冷系统泄漏与塔盘堵塞影响装置长周期运转问题,通过对分子筛装置生产原料杂质含量和运行情况的分析,判断出空冷系统腐蚀与塔盘堵塞的原因,对存在的问题采取了相应的改进措施,并进一步提出了保证装置长周期运行的对策。