排序方式: 共有61条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Canesi L Ciacci C Betti M Fabbri R Canonico B Fantinati A Marcomini A Pojana G 《Environment international》2008,34(8):1114-1119
The potential for human and ecological toxicity associated with nanomaterials is a growing area of investigation. In mammalian cells, nanoparticles have been shown to induce inflammation and oxidative stress, and changes in cell signalling and gene expression. As the nanotechnology industries increase production, nanoscale products and by products will enter the aquatic environment, posing a possible threat to aquatic organisms. In particular, filter-feeding organisms may represent a unique target group for nanoparticle toxicology. In this work, the effects of commercial nanosized carbon black (NCB) on the immune cells, the hemocytes, of the bivalve mollusc Mytilus, and the possible mechanisms involved were investigated. The results demonstrate that NCB (1, 5, and 10 microg/ml), did not induce significant lysosomal membrane destabilization, as evaluated by the NR retention time assay. A concentration-dependent uptake of NCB by hemocytes was observed and it was associated by a rapid increase in extracellular lysozyme release, extracellular oxyradical production, and nitric oxide (NO) release. Moreover, at the highest concentration tested, NCB induced significant changes in mitochondrial parameters (decrease mitochondrial mass/number and membrane potential), as evaluated by flow cytometry. The effects of NCB were mediated by rapid activation of the stress-activated MAPKs (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases) p38 and JNKs, that play a key role in immune and inflammatory responses. The results demonstrate that in mussel hemocytes like in mammalian cells NCB exposure can induce inflammatory processes, and indicate that bivalve immunocytes can represent a suitable model for investigating the effects and modes of action of nanoparticles in the cells of aquatic invertebrates. 相似文献
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Fabio Gosetti Michela Bottaro Valentina Gianotti Eleonora Mazzucco Paolo Frascarolo Davide Zampieri Caterina Oliveri Aldo Viarengo Maria Carla Gennaro 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(2):592-146
This paper studies the degradation reactions that 4-chloroaniline can naturally undergo in waters for the action of sun light. 10.00 mg L−1 4-chloroaniline aqueous solution, without any addition of organic solvent, are undergone to photoirradiation under conditions that simulate sun light. The degradation pathway, followed by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS methods, is complex since the pollutant gives rise to many photoproducts: the predominant species are characterized by m/z values of 217 (P5) and 218 (P6) and are compatible with dimeric structures of 4-chloroaniline. Vibrio fischeri tests indicate that the photoproducts of 4-chloroaniline are characterized by a toxicity level significantly greater than the precursor. 相似文献
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Massimo Cordone Mario Lituania Caterina Zampatti Ubaldo Passamonti MD Gian Michele Magnano Paolo Tomà 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(11):745-750
A prenatal diagnosis of campomelic dysplasia in a primigravida is described. First level fetal ultrasonography demonstrated bowing and shortening of lower limbs. Second level examination allowed the correct diagnosis by demonstrating several skeletal anomalies pathognomonic of campomelic dysplasia. 相似文献
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Annelieke Hijkoop Chiara C.M.M. Lap Moska Aliasi Eduard J.H. Mulder William L.M. Kramer Hens A.A. Brouwers Robertine van Baren Eva Pajkrt Anton H. van Kaam Caterina M. Bilardo Lourens R. Pistorius Gerard H.A. Visser René M.H. Wijnen Dick Tibboel Gwendolyn T.R. Manten Titia E. Cohen-Overbeek 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(13):1204-1212
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Trivero P Biamino W Borasi M Cavagnero M Musa M Rinaudo C Sesia V 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(7):4461-4472
A new index named Air Quality Balance Index (AQBI), which is able to characterise the amount of pollution level in a selected area, is proposed. This index is a function of the ratios between pollutant concentration values and their standards; it aims at identifying all situations in which there is a possible environmental risk even when several pollutants are below their limit values but air quality is reduced. AQBI is evaluated by using a high-resolution three-dimensional dispersion model: the air concentration for each substance is computed starting from detailed emissions sources: point, line and area emissions hourly modulated. This model is driven with accurate meteorological data from ground stations and remote sensing systems providing vertical profiles of temperature and wind; these data are integrated with wind and temperature profiles at higher altitudes obtained by a Local Area Model. The outputs of the dispersion model are compared with pollutant concentrations provided by measuring stations, in order to recalibrate emission data. A three-dimensional high resolution grid of AQBI data is evaluated for an industrial area close to Alessandria (Northern Italy), assessing air quality and environmental conditions. Performance of AQBI is compared with the Air Quality Index (AQI) developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. AQBI, computed taking into account all pollutants, is able to point out situations not evidenced by AQI, based on a preset limited number of substances; therefore, AQBI is a good tool for evaluating the air quality either in urban and in industrial areas. The AQBI values at ground level, in selected points, are in agreement with in situ observations. 相似文献
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Fattorini Lorenzo Franceschi Sara Marcheselli Marzia Pisani Caterina Pratelli Luca 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2023,30(1):103-129
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - In the inverse distance weighting interpolation the interpolated, value is a weighted mean of the sampled values, with weights decreasing with the... 相似文献