非营利性组织发展与我国政府治理

本文从非营利性组织与政府治理的关系出发，分析了非营利性组织在政府治理中的积极作用，并通过对非营利性组织存在的若干问题，提出了在完善我国政府治理过程中发展非营利性组织的政策建议。     

江苏农村地区能源消费与可持续发展

江苏是中国经济发展较为迅速的省份 ,为了研究农村地区经济发展过程中能源消费的变化规律 ,本文在大量调查数据分析的基础上 ,对江苏农村地区乡镇工业、农村生活和农业生产能源消费水平和结构及其发展变化进行了研究 ,提出了农村地区能源问题的可持续发展战略     

First-trimester diagnosis of hydrolethalus syndrome in a Chinese family

We report a case resembling hydrolethalus syndrome in a Chinese family. Fetal polydactyly, syndactyly, encephalocele and cardiac malformation were detected on ultrasound examination at 12 weeks' gestation. Termination of pregnancy was performed, and postmortem examination confirmed the findings. This is the first report of a first-trimester prenatal diagnosis of hydrolethalus syndrome in the Chinese population. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

藻类爆发危害及其控制技术研究进展

在简要介绍国内外富营养化现状的基础上,阐述了水域中藻类爆发及伴随藻毒素带来的各种危害;分别对水源水控藻除藻技术(限制营养盐控藻、直接除藻灭藻、生物技术与生态工程)和水厂水中控藻除藻技术(预氧化、混凝沉淀、膜滤、直接过滤、气浮、联合处理工艺)的国内外研究现状和应用动态进行了全面评述;指出了各种工艺技术中存在的问题。为今后实现含藻水的标本兼治及有效控藻除藻提供技术借鉴。     

Synergistic effect of N- and F-codoping on the structure and photocatalytic performance of TiO2

Three types of TiO₂ nanostructures were synthesized via a facile hydrolysis method at 195 °C. Effects of the preparation method and doping with N and F on the crystal structure and photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ were investigated. The nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller porosimetry, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescent emission spectra. Their photo-catalytic activity was examined by the photodegradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under both ultra-violet and visible light irradiation. The results show that nitrogen and fluorine co-doped anatase TiO₂ had the characteristics of a smaller crystalline size, broader light absorption spectrum and lower charge recombination than pure TiO₂. Most importantly, more efficient photocatalytic activity under both ultra-violet and visible light was observed. The obtained N–F-TiO₂ nanomaterial shows considerable potential for water treatment under sunlight irradiation.     

新近纪以来青海南山的隆起高度:再论青海南山的隆起

新生代以来青海南山的隆起过程研究对解析青海湖—共和盆地地区盆地分异演化、现代地貌特征的形成等关乎青藏高原东北部生长的过程与形式等问题,具有重要的指示意义,而且隆起高度的研究为确定古青海湖盆地的范围及其演化过程,提供地质学证据。通过青海南山南侧新生代野外地质调查,发现共和盆地西北部那头沟剖面新近纪地层厚度超过2270 m,记录了新近纪以来盆地沉积环境变化及沉积地层构造变形特征。依据地层变形形态及碎屑特征,可划分为生长地层和生长前地层。根据生长前地层变形形态及厚度估算,获得晚上新世以来青海南山的隆起高度在1601~1922 m(生长前地层865 m,倾角变化为57°~63°)。从剖面起点,沿地层倾向线反方向到青海南山顶部的最大高差为1070 m左右,所以,青海南山大部分地区在隆起之前可能低于现在共和盆地底部和青海湖湖面高度。表明,青海南山隆起之前青海湖盆地和共和盆地可能为统一的"古青海湖"盆地。     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of fish scale loaded TiO2 composites under solar light irradiation

Fish scale (FS) loaded TiO₂ composites were investigated as photocatalysts in degradation of Methyl Orange under solar light irradiation. Composites were prepared through sol-gel method by varying mass ratio of TiO₂/FS at 90:10, 70:30 and 50:50, respectively. The catalysts prepared in this study were characterized by using XRD, SEM, FT-IR and nitrogen sorption. The effects of solar irradiation, mass ratio of TiO₂/FS composites, irradiation time and catalyst loadings were studied. Synergistic effect was found in TiO₂/FS of 90:10 composite which performed higher photocatalytic degradation than synthesized TiO₂ under solar light irradiation. However, further increasing fish scale content in the composites reduced the photocatalytic activity drastically. Under solar light irradiation, all the catalysts in this study exhibited photocatalytic activity, except TiO₂/FS of 50:50 composite that only acted as a weak biosorbent without performing any photocatalytic property. Photocatalytic degradation increased with increasing catalyst loading and irradiation time but decreased with increased of initial dye concentration.     

成都市部分中小型污水处理厂运行情况调查

本文以成都市部分中小型污水处理厂运行情况调查资料为基础,对10个污水处理项目的处理效果、投资、土地占用、运行费用等情况进行了分析,提出了一些带普遍性的问题。     

芬顿氧化法处理水中酸性品红的研究

研究了酸性品红在Fenton体系中的降解过程,反应30 min后,在[Fe2+]0=0.06 mmol/L、[H2O2]0=0.3 mmol/L、pH=3、T=30℃的条件下,初始浓度为20 mg/L的酸性品红的去除率达到97%以上。升高反应温度,有利于Fenton体系中酸性品红的降解,但影响并不显著。根据不同温度下的速率常数,并结合Arrhenius方程求出了Fenton试剂降解酸性品红的反应活化能,仅为11.63 kJ/mol。C1?的存在对酸性品红在Fenton体系中的降解表现出明显的阻碍作用,并且随着C1?浓度的增加,抑制作用越来越大;SO24-和NO3-的存在也降低了Fenton试剂的氧化性能。     

Assessment of the quality of stormwater from an industrial park in central Taiwan

The purposes of this study were to assess the quality of rainstorm runoffs from an industrial park developed to accommodate general industries in Taiwan and to investigate the possible contributors of pollutants in the runoffs. Rainstorm runoffs from this industrial park were found to contain COD and TSS with average event mean concentrations of two events of 2,202.6 ± 1,356 and 784.7 ± 409 mg/l, respectively. The pollution level of these runoffs was found to be tens of times higher than that which may be contributed by accumulation of pollutants in top soils. Other possible sources of the pollutants were those accumulated in rainwater discharge channels and those which overflow from individual pre-treatment plants within the industrial lots. The assessment results are useful in devising the best management practices for the stormwater discharges. The heavy loadings suggest that installations of additional runoff pollution control practices at different zones are necessary at this and similar industrial parks.