全文获取类型
收费全文 | 520篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 30篇 |
废物处理 | 24篇 |
环保管理 | 126篇 |
综合类 | 73篇 |
基础理论 | 138篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 125篇 |
评价与监测 | 43篇 |
社会与环境 | 19篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 20篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 26篇 |
2006年 | 17篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 17篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有585条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
241.
Energy efficiency and conservation for individual Americans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Pimentel Jennifer Gardner Adam Bonnifield Ximena Garcia Julie Grufferman Claire Horan Julia Schlenker Emily Walling Emily Rochon 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2009,11(3):523-546
Americans make up only 4% of the world population, yet currently consume 25% of the world’s fossil fuels. The U.S. imports
63% of its oil and it is predicted that by 2020 the U.S. will be importing 95% of its oil resources. Over the past century,
ample and affordable supplies of fossil fuels have powered the growth and prosperity of the economies of the US and other
countries. Within this century, world oil supplies will decline while demand is projected to continue to increase, suggesting
that we will have to transition to different fuels or become much more energy efficient or both. Looking ahead to the near
decades, estimates are that consumers will have to reduce their energy use by at least 50%. This reduction will be necessary
in large part due the decline in the availability of conventional oil and gas, but also because the U.S. population will continue
to grow in number. Although government action is important, individuals too often discount their ability to make significant
contributions to solving such major problems. This investigation identifies how informed and concerned individuals can collectively
conserve fossil energy.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
242.
Abstract: Identifying and conserving faunal habitat on private lands has been conducted largely on a site-by-site basis as development proposals arise. We sought to map koala habitat at a scale suitable for use by a local planning authority so that habitat remnants could be protected and managed while remaining in private ownership. At this scale, the level of detail and accuracy needed by local planners required a new approach to mapping koala habitat. Two independent techniques, community and field surveys, were employed. We mailed a survey to every household in Coffs Harbour shire. Respondents told of 3309 koala sightings. We conducted a field survey, a plot-based scat ( fecal pellet) search, to determine which vegetation types and tree species were preferred by koalas. We surveyed 119 sites, which contained 42 different vegetation types. Of these, 37 (31%) had been used by koalas. The outcomes of the community and field surveys were combined to produce a distribution map of koala habitat. The most striking outcome has been the use of our results by the local government authority, Coffs Harbour City Council: planners have incorporated the koala habitat map into their local environmental plan. Our procedure offers a rigorous, repeatable, and publicly accessible method for identifying and mapping important habitat for the purposes of land-use planning, an essential procedure for conserving habitat outside the reserve system. 相似文献
243.
244.
Katherine Shields Andrew Fischer Chris Burke 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2015,58(7):1270-1290
Discharge from the Great Barrier Reef Catchment (GBRC) is considered the second most serious threat to the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Utilising principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), this research aimed to assess the variability and co-variation of 28 water basins (WBs) within the GBRC, in order to improve the institutional arrangements and regulation of water quality and increase collaboration horizontally between management organisations, and vertically between government tiers. Water basin variability was measured by nine variables: size (ha), population, agricultural land use (ha), number of major water storages, major rivers and major towns, total nitrogen exported (T/yr), total phosphorus exported (T/yr) and herbicide use (ha). The Fitzroy WB, with PC scores of 7.0081, 2.2897 and ?1.6504, was identified as the most dissimilar and therefore needing to be managed differently. Many WBs within the same regions were very dissimilar to each other, indicating that current management practices, based largely on geographic location, are unlikely to be the most efficient and effective. Instead, managing groups of WBs with similar geo-political properties (determined by the CA) could be more effective and efficient. Coordination and collaboration are key to successful ecosystem based management, therefore managing similar WBs together through inter-NRM (natural resource management) agreements, irrespective of their geographical location, facilitates management bodies building strong, cooperative working relationships. 相似文献
245.
Lynch Amanda H. Griggs David Joachim Lee Salminen Ed Heider Chris Kestin Tahl Zhu Xuan Veland Siri 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(3):767-776
Regional Environmental Change - Geographic information systems are a means to develop a common framework for the integration of a range of perspectives into natural resources management decisions.... 相似文献
246.
The resilience of any system, human or natural, centres on its capacity to adapt its structure, but not necessarily its function, to a new configuration in response to long‐term socio‐ecological change. In the long term, therefore, enhancing resilience involves more than simply improving a system's ability to resist an immediate threat or to recover to a stable past state. However, despite the prevalence of adaptive notions of resilience in academic discourse, it is apparent that infrastructure planners and policies largely continue to struggle to comprehend longer‐term system adaptation in their understanding of resilience. Instead, a short‐term, stable system (STSS) perspective on resilience is prevalent. This paper seeks to identify and problematise this perspective, presenting research based on the development of a heuristic ‘scenario–episode’ tool to address, and challenge, it in the context of United Kingdom infrastructure resilience. The aim is to help resilience practitioners to understand better the capacities of future infrastructure systems to respond to natural, malicious threats. 相似文献
247.
Toby D. Wall J. Martin Corbett Chris W. Clegg Paul R. Jackson Robin Martin 《组织行为杂志》1990,11(3):201-219
This paper introduces a theoretical framework to guide research into the psychological effects of advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) on shopfloor operators. The framework has two main aspects. First, based on the emerging literature on the job content implications of AMT, it identifies four key constructs, namely: control, cognitive demand, production responsibility and social interaction. Second, by drawing on the more established job design, stress and related literatures, it predicts how these independent variables differentially affect system performance, job-related strain and job satisfaction. The wider implications and limitations of the theoretical framework are discussed. 相似文献
248.
Native freshwater faunas in North America are declining, principally due to the combined effects of habitat degradation and introduced species. Relatively little attention has been directed to the decline of freshwater invertebrates, which may be even more threatened than fishes. This paper chronicles recent changes in the distribution and abundance of the Shasta crayfish ( Pacifastacus fortis Faxon), a state and federally endangered species endemic to the midreaches of the Pit River system in northeastern California. We made snorkeling and SCUBA surveys for crayfish in 1990 and 1991 and examined various records for historic distributions. Shasta crayfish have been extirpated from much of their historic range by water impoundment and diversion, and they are further threatened by two introduced crayfish species ( Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana and Orconectes virilis Hagen). By 1990 Shasta crayfish were restricted to seven isolated populations, mostly in the headwaters of spring-fed tributaries to the Pit river. P. leniusculus had become established throughout much of the study area in about 12 years. In one site P. leniusculus probably contributed to the precipitous decline of Shasta crayfish, from 2000–3000 in 1980 to about 370 (± 135) in 1991. O. virilis , which occurred in only the most disturbed parts of the system, showed little range expansion in 30 years and had been replaced in a large stretch of the Pit River by P. leniusculus. P. leniusculus occupied sites with a broad range of habitat variables (temperature, pH, turbidity, substrate size) partly or wholly overlapping measures of sites with the other two species. The decline of the Shasta crayfish, like the extinction of its closest relative P. nigrescens in the San Francisco Bay area earlier this century, reflects the decline of its habitat and probably pressure from the aggressive exotic P. leniusculus . 相似文献
249.
The authors commence by discussing the role of the United Nations (UN) Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) in relation to the field of education. The report of the UN Secretary-General to the CSD, Promoting Education, Public Awareness and Training is then evaluated. Novel proposals for the development of an Education 21 programme and for the designation of the educational community as a major group are outlined and advocated. The paper concludes with sections on what was achieved and what remains to be done; recommendations for action are made. 相似文献
250.
Chris X. Rao Edwin P Maurer 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1996,32(6):1139-1146
ABSTRACT: A simplified approach for modeling transmission losses in a stream is presented. A theory relating seepage from a channel with the depth of flow is simplified to a one-parameter relationship. A power relationship is then utilized for the stage-discharge relationship, which is coupled with the seepage relationship. This combined equation is integrated over the channel reach to arrive at a general model for seepage loss through the reach, with one parameter needing calibration. An example is provided showing the development of the relationship and the calibration technique for the parameter. The results are shown, emphasizing the use of the model for simulation of channel transmission losses at low and moderate flow conditions. 相似文献