废水污染源在线监测同步留样系统设计

废水污染源在线监测技术是近年来发展迅速的一种环境监测技术,对于提高污染物总量控制和环境管理能力具有重要的意义.本文针对废水污染源在线监测系统设计了同步留样系统,可以对超标废水进行自动留样,能够满足留样废水与超标废水的同时性和一致性,并可根据需要扩展至双路或多路留样系统.实验表明,留样槽中废水化学需氧量浓度变化与水体更新时间具有较好的相关性,通过控制废水流速可以对留样槽中水体更新时间进行调整.     

构建和谐社会离不开“公众参与”

2005年7月，美国《商业周刊》评出了本年度的25位“亚洲之星”。他们不仅包括金融界、管理界及创新界的社会精英。还有来自社会其他领域的成功人士。其中，中国有6人入选，国家环保总局副局长潘岳入选其中。 2005年，中国在“以人为本”和“和谐社会”的时代注释下，环境议题成为全民关注的焦点。环保总局开始向积弊多年的沉疴开刀，在频密的媒体曝光中，潘岳和他的同事们以果断的行动和个性化的发言成为中国老百姓日常的谈资。无形中也增加了公众对政府的信任和信心。[编者按]     

环境评价网络信息系统局部安全措施

当前网络环境下Internet出现越来越严重的网络失范，使得基于网络技术的环境评价信息系统(EENIS)局部安全性与机密性受到威胁和破坏。本文提出通过建立服务器—工作站—计算机结点三级病毒防御体系、通讯数据加密和组段交换技术等软硬件措施，以保障EENIS局部系统进行广域环境质量评价与预测时的安全性与机密性。     

Membrane fouling control by ultrasound in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor

In this study, ultrasound was used to control the membrane fouling online in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AMBR). Short-term running experiments were carried out under different operating conditions to explore feasible ultrasonic parameters. The experimental results indicated that when the crossflow velocity was more than 1.0 m/s, membrane fouling could be controlled effectively only by hydrodynamic methods without ultrasound. When ultrasound was applied, an ultrasonic power range of 60–150 W was suitable for the membrane fouling control in the experimental system. The experimental results showed that the membrane fouling was controlled so well that membrane filtration resistance (ΣR) could stay at 5 × 10¹¹ m^?1 for more than a week with the crossflow velocity of 0.75 m/s, which equaled the effect of crossflow velocity of more than 1.0 m/s without ultrasound.     

城市水资源合理利用分析与水资源承载力研究—以本溪市为例

本文以辽宁省重工业城市本溪市为例，运用指数评价模型，进行城市工业用水变化情况分析；同时采用系统动力学模型，预测城市水资源系统发展趋势。在此基础上，探讨水资源承载力的定量表示，提出可比较的区域不同策略的水资源承载力，从而为制定水资源的经济发展决策提供理论依据。     

2-硝基芴的致突变性受共存多环芳烃的影响

本文以Ames试验的TA_(98)菌株研究了2-硝基芴(2-Nitroflurene)在其它多环芳烃共存时,其致突变性的变化.结果显示:它与其它硝基多环芳烃共存时.直接致突变性增强;而与其它无直接致突变性的多环芳烃共存时,其直接致突变性减弱,且多环芳烃的环数越多、减弱作用越强,这可能是因为硝基多环芳烃具有亲电子性,DNA的碱基有亲核性,易于结合,造成DNA的损伤;而多环芳烃一般具有供电子性,阻碍了硝基多环芳烃与DNA碱基的结合.     

Calcium-enhanced ferric hydroxide co-precipitation of arsenic in the presence of silicate.

This study focuses on the effectiveness of calcium (Ca2+) improving ferric (hydro)oxides precipitation and its subsequent effects on arsenic co-precipitation with ferric (hydro)oxides. The effects of Ca2+ on surface charge characteristics and precipitating behavior, which are respectively represented as zeta (zeta) potential and R(PDA), are investigated for ferric (hydro)oxides precipitates. The presence of Ca2+ increases the potential of ferric (hydro)oxides, and a more significant effect is observed at higher pH conditions. Calcium apparently facilitates ferric (hydro)oxide floc aggregation, increasing the maximum R(PDA) from 3.19 to 5.27% (in the presence of 3.5 mg/L silicate as silicon). These positive effects contribute to reduce the adverse effects resulting from the presence of silicate and enhance arsenic removal via ferric (hydro)oxides co-precipitation under different conditions. Furthermore, the effect of Ca2+ facilitating ferric precipitation (and therefore providing more precipitated solids for arsenic) is predominant in favoring arsenic removal compared with that of increasing surface charge. Calcium plays an important role in arsenic co-precipitation with ferric (hydro)oxides in the presence of silicate.     

纺织行业废水污染控制技术梗概与进展

纺织行业排放的废水成分复杂 ,是最难净化处理的污水之一。本文概述了纺织行业废水污染控制净化技术的现状 ,并作了相应的评价与分析     

膜-生物反应器混合液性质对膜污染影响的研究进展

膜-生物反应器作为一种新型的污水处理和回用技术,近年来在基础研究和实际应用领域都得到广泛关注,但是影响其长期稳定运行的膜污染问题却一直没有得到深入研究和解决.混合液特性是影响膜污染控制的重要因素,从混合液理化性质(组成、功能、结构和环境因素)和生物学性质(微生物群落结构、微生物功能特征)2个方面进行介绍,综述了目前关于混合液性质与膜污染关系的研究现状.目前的研究虽然取得一定进展,但在相关性分析、群落特征与膜污染关系、污染层形成机理等方面仍存在许多不足.     

农业可持续发展的新模式：资源循环型农业

阐述了资源循环型农业的基本概念及其特征,根据循环经济的相关理论和国内外农业发展的实际情况,指出中国农业应在生态农业的基础上,朝着资源循环型农业的目标发展。