循环水旁滤中试研究

目前所使用的纤维束过滤器经多次检测出水浊度往往大于进水浊度,其主要原因是纤维束已受污染,并且很难冲洗干净。因此选用高效流砂过滤器进行循环水旁滤处理,实验表明在使用高效流砂过滤器时,投加聚合氯化铝(PAC)处理效果非常理想。在PAC投量为5～10 mg/L时,平均去除率达到83%,平均进水浊度7.05NTU,平均出水浊度为1.2NTU。完全能够满足旁滤的要求。     

滨海电厂的景观美化与生态环境建设

以拟建的深圳某电厂为研究对象，从美化景观、生态环境改善、水土保持、防灾浅灾、提高人与自然的亲和性等角度出发，提出了具体的绿化、美化建设方案。     

旁插回转切换扁袋除尘技术的研究与应用

在对汽车受料槽槽上粉尘污染状况进行反复研究的基础上。研究、设计、制造、安装、使用的旁插回转切换扁袋除尘系统，经过1年的生产运行。槽前岗尘浓度由原来的2594mg/m3降至目前的5．6mg/m3，除尘效果相当理想．     

建立和完善安全生产法制约束体系是当务之急

建立与市场经济体系相适应的安全生产法制体系,确保安全生产有法可依,依法管理。计划经济时期,安全生产是通过行政指令来管理,管理的对象是公有制企业。企业在贯彻安全生产标准规范时,依靠政府职能部门通过红头文件强制实施,因此产生了一些有效的管理方法和措施。如:企业安全升级、安全性评价、危险源分级控制技术等。在当时情况下,对促进公有制企业良好的安全生产局面起到了显著作用。     

冷轧厂废水处理破乳系统的改造

叙述了冷轧厂废水处理破乳系统原设计存在的问题，全面地介绍了该系统改造方案的选择，确定及实施情况，重点说明了超滤破乳工艺流程，主要性能参数及改造后的效果。     

高层建筑电气火灾隐患因子定量分析方法研究

为了对高层建筑电气火灾隐患排查进行定量化分析,采用解释结构模型构建高层建筑电气火灾隐患因子的复杂逻辑模型;在利用德尔菲法确定隐患因子初始概率的基础上,经过交叉影响分析法求解交叉影响概率矩阵;引入马尔科夫链修正各隐患因子交叉影响后的概率,得到火灾隐患因子的稳态概率矩阵。研究结果表明:各隐患因子的马尔科夫链校正概率比德尔菲法测定的初始概率更加准确,该计算排序结果可明确高层电气火灾隐患排查和管控的重点。     

Adsorption and leaching of novel fungicide pyraoxystrobin on soils by <Superscript>14</Superscript>C tracing method

Pyraoxystrobin, (E)-2-(2-((3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-yloxy)methyl)phenyl)-3-methoxyacrylate, is a newly developed strobilurin fungicide with high antifungal efficiency. It has high potential to enter soil environments that might subsequently impact surface and groundwater. Therefore, ¹⁴C-labeled pyraoxystrobin was used as a tracer to study the adsorption/desorption and migration behavior of this compound under laboratory conditions in three typical agricultural soils. The adsorption isotherms conformed with the Freundlich equation. Single factor analysis showed that organic matter content was the most important factor influencing the adsorption. The highest adsorption level was measured in soil with low pH and high organic carbon content. Once adsorbed, only 2.54 to 6.41% of the adsorbed compound could be desorbed. In addition, the mobility results from thin-layer chromatography and column leaching studies showed that it might be safe to use pyraoxystrobin as a fungicide without causing groundwater pollution from both runoff and leaching, which might be attributed to its strong hydrophobicity. High organic matter content enhanced pyraoxystrobin adsorption and desorption because of the rule of similarity (lipid solubility). In the column leaching study, 95.02% (minimum value) of the applied ¹⁴C remained within the upper 4.0-cm layer after 60 days.     

Interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer in activated sludge: quantification and effects of system pH value

The quantification and effects of system pH value on the interactions between Pb(II) and the biopolymer in activated sludge were investigated. The biopolymer had two protein-like fluorescence peaks (Ex/Em = 280 nm/326–338 nm for peak A; Ex/Em = 220–230 nm/324–338 nm for peak B). The fluorescence intensities of peak B were higher than those of peak A. The fluorophores of both peaks could be largely quenched by Pb(II), and the quencher dose for peak B was about half of that for peak A. The modified Stern-Volmer equation well depicted the fluorescence quenching titration. The quenching constant (Ka) values for both peaks decreased with rising system pH value, and then sharply decreased under alkaline conditions. It could be attributed to that the alkaline conditions caused the reduction of available Pb(II) due to the occurrence of Pb(OH)₂ sediments. The Ka values of peak B were bigger than those for peak A at the same system pH values. Accordingly, the aromatic proteins (peak B) played a key role in the interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer.

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碳材料促进废水厌氧处理中直接种间电子传递的研究进展

直接种间电子传递(DIET)是近年来发现的一种微生物电子传递方式,其在废水厌氧生物处理的重要过程中起重要作用。提高DIET效率能在促进有机物厌氧降解产甲烷的同时储存更多能量,优化厌氧生物处理工艺性能并降低处理成本。本文在DIET过程特性分析的基础上,重点论述了活性炭、生物炭、碳纤维布、单壁碳纳米管4种碳材料对废水生物处理中DIET过程的促进作用,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

典型挥发性有机化合物在气体采样罐中的存储稳定性

选取了6种有代表性的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）,异丙醇、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙烯酯、正己烷、苯和四氯化碳,实测了这些VOCs在气体采样罐（SUMMA罐）中的存储稳定性。结果表明：苯、正己烷和二氯甲烷在采样罐中均较稳定,其含量在84 d的存储期内基本无变化;乙酸乙烯酯在6个VOCs中最不稳定,在普通和惰性采样罐中含量均明显下降;异丙醇和四氯化碳的稳定性与采样罐的类型有关,在普通采样罐内含量下降明显,而在惰性采样罐内则相对稳定。实际监测工作中,为提高VOCs分析的准确性,如目标分析物有含氧类（醇,酮,酯等）或含卤素类VOCs,则采样后需尽快分析,同时尽量选择惰性采样罐为采样容器。