过程模拟法在清洁生产研究中的应用

以醋酸清洁生产为例，介绍了过程模拟法在清洁生产研究中的应用。利用现代过程模拟技术，可在较小人力、物力投入的前提下，获得更多的系统信息，有利于清洁生产工艺的确定及操作参数的优化。     

底泥疏挖工程对草海水生生态环境的影响预测

草海底泥疏挖工程的实施，必将对草海水生生态环境产生影响，预测结果表明，疏挖后草海水质有所改善，基本达到国家地面水Ｄ类标准，但相当长时间内仍疳保持富营养化状态，生态系统短期内改善不大，需较长时间，依靠人工强化恢复和自然恢复。草海水生生态系统方能逐步恢复。     

镉对鲤鱼磷酸酶活性的影响

研究了重金属镉对鲤鱼明脏，肝胰脏，肠，血液等组织酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性的影响，结果表明，受水中16mg/L影响，肝胰脏的ACP活性显著升高；肾脏的ACP的活性在32mg/L组显著降低；血液的ACP活性在16mg/L,32mg/L组均显著降低，肠道的ACP活性在8mg/L,16mg/L,32mg/L 3种浓度下影响均不明显，肾脏，肠道的AKP活性在16mg/L组显著降低，在31mg/L组极显著降低，体外试验表明，镉能直接抑制AKP的活性，而对ACP不产生直接影响。     

Test for the effects of three surfactants on the penetration ability of the calcium chloride and water glass solutions in dust

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Detection of low-grade mosaicism in fetal cells isolated from maternal blood

Recovering and analysing fetal erythrocytes from maternal blood is being pursued for non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis. We report the observation of 46, XY/47, XXY mosaicism in fetal cells from a woman whose first-trimester chorionic villus sampling (CVS) initially showed only 46, XY. Only after exhaustive (500 cells) analysis were four XXY cells found in cultured villi.     

我国东部冲积平原区水成土壤元素背景值地域分异规律

从气候条件、母质物质组成的差异以及河流上下游物质之间的联系等角度，讨论了我国东部冲积平原区土壤中１３种元素的地理分布趋势及影响因素。研究表明，大多数元素具有明显的南北向地域分布趋势，这种趋势是地带性和非地带性因素共同决定的，而以非地带因素更重要。此外，东部平原土壤与相应主要河流上游侵蚀区土壤微量元素含量具有很好的共轭关系。     

海水烟气脱硫初探

分析了金山卫，定海，北仑港和台州等地的海水成份，测定了它们的缓冲能力，在鼓泡反应器中进行了海水吸收ＳＯ２的静态试验和使吸收液中ＳＯ３＾２－转变为ＳＯ４＾２－的氧化试验，试验结果表明海水具有用作烟气脱硫吸收液的可能性和吸收液经曝气后直接排海的可能性。     

Extraction of DNA from amniotic fluid cells for the early prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease

Ten-ml samples of amniotic fluid were taken from pregnancies being terminated at 8–14 weeks' gestation. DNA was extracted from the amniotic cells by sequential centrifugation and analysed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen samples were analysed for evidence of maternal contamination using Mfd5 oligo-nucleotide primers for repeat polymorphisms. Ten amniotic fluid samples were tested for the Delta-F₅₀₈ deletion characteristic of cystic fibrosis to demonstrate a diagnostic application for the technique. In each case, DNA extracted from fetal tissue from the same pregnancy was included in the controls. In 14 of the 15 cases tested with the Mfd5 primers, both the amniotic fluid DNA and the fetal DNA showed no evidence of contaminating DNA. In one case, neither the amniotic fluid cells nor the fetal cells yielded results. In nine of the ten cases tested with the Delta-F₅₀₈ primers, the amniotic fluid cell DNA provided accurate information about the genetic status of the fetus; in the tenth, the fetal DNA failed to amplify. The results indicate that adequate DNA can be extracted from amniotic fluid from 8 weeks' gestation onward and these samples are suitable for prenatal diagnosis using PCR.     

Prenatal pleural effusion associated with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia

A pleural effusion associated with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia was detected in a fetus in utero but was absent at the time of delivery. The pleural effusion was unilateral although the disease involved both lungs. In this case there was an association between polyhydramnios and congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia.     

太湖梅梁湾水体中可见光的衰减、吸收及散射

对太湖梅梁湾沿岸带和敞水区的水体进行了光学特性研究。结果发现，沿岸带的水下光辐射衰减系数(Kd)值较敞水区小；400nm与500nm向上辐照度比值(Eu440／Eu550),沿岸带在1m左右最小,敞水区在0．5m左右最小;沿岸带的水面下向上辐照度与向下辐照度的比值(R)低于敞水区：440、550、670nm的后向散射与吸收的比值(b／a),在沿岸带的1m处最大,敞水区在0．5m处最大。这些结果说明,相对于敞水区而言,沿岸带的光衰减较弱,无机悬浮颗粒的含量较少,最大叶绿素a分布较深。