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761.
Rong Ye Sai Xu Qian Wang Xindi Fu Huixiang Dai Wenjing Lu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):77
762.
Chao Liu Hancheng Dai Lin Zhang Changchun Feng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(5):70
763.
764.
为研究邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)对小鼠肝脏的毒性及脂质过氧化损伤作用机制,选择昆明4周龄小鼠80只,雌雄各半,随机分为4组。经食饵连续自然给食染毒,于染毒第4周末处死。测量小鼠肝脏和体重的变化,测定不同DEHP染毒剂量组小鼠的血液、肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化。将实验数据进行ANO-VA分析处理。结果表明,随着染毒剂量的增加,小鼠体重逐渐减少(p<0.01),高剂量组肝脏器系数明显上升(p<0.01)。苏木精-伊红染色法(简称HE染色)可见高剂量组肝脏组织有明显损伤。与对照组相比,DEHP3个剂量染毒组小鼠血液(75mg·kg-1组除外)及肝脏中GPX活性降低(p<0.05,p<0.01),H2O2含量增加(p<0.05,p<0.01);肝组织中(75mg·kg-1组除外)SOD活性降低(p<0.05,p<0.01),MDA含量增加(p<0.01)。以上结果说明DEHP对小鼠肝脏的毒性作用机制可能为脂质过氧化反应。 相似文献
765.
Wenqiang SUN Jiuju CAI Hai YU Lei DAI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(2):265-270
This work aims to identify the main factors influencing the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the iron and steel industry in China during the period of 1995–2007. The logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) technique was applied with period-wise analysis and time-series analysis. Changes in energyrelated CO2 emissions were decomposed into four factors: emission factor effect, energy structure effect, energy consumption effect, and the steel production effect. The results show that steel production is the major factor responsible for the rise in CO2 emissions during the sampling period; on the other hand the energy consumption is the largest contributor to the decrease in CO2 emissions. To a lesser extent, the emission factor and energy structure effects have both negative and positive contributions to CO2 emissions, respectively. Policy implications are provided regarding the reduction of CO2 emissions from the iron and steel industry in China, such as controlling the overgrowth of steel production, improving energy-saving technologies, and introducing low-carbon energy sources into the iron and steel industry. 相似文献
766.
767.
768.
The population genetic structure of the neon damselfish (Pomacentrus coelestis) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean was revealed by the hypervariable control region of the mitochondrial gene (343 bp). In
total, 170 individuals were sampled from 8 localities distributed between Taiwan and Japan, and 71 haplotypes were obtained
through sequence alignment. High haplotype diversity (h = 0.956 ± 0.008) with low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.010 ± 0.006) was observed, and the results of the mismatch distribution test suggested that a historical population expansion
after a period of population bottleneck might have occurred among P. coelestis populations. Based on the results of the UPGMA tree and AMOVA (Φct = 0.193, P < 0.05) analyses, fish populations from eight localities could be divided into two groups: one includes populations from localities
around mainland Japan, and the other includes those from Okinawa and southern Taiwan. A genetic break was found between populations
from mainland Japan and Okinawa, and this break was congruent with the pattern of phenotypic variations documented in previous
studies. This evidence supports the latitudinal variation of reproductive traits among P. coelestis populations likely being genetically based. It is suggested that the changes in sea level and sea surface temperatures during
past glaciations might have resulted in population bottlenecks in P. coelestis and the modern populations in the northern West Pacific are likely the results of recolonization after such events. The Kuroshio
Current acts not only as a vehicle for larval transport along its pathway (between populations in southern Taiwan and Okinawa)
but also as a barrier for larval dispersal across the Kuroshio axis (between populations in mainland Japan and Okinawa).
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
769.
Laboratory incubation trials were conducted to investigate the effects of several factors on the persistence as well as the
dissipation of three synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in red soils obtained from the Yangtze River Delta region in China. The
pyrethroids selected for investigation were cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin, which continue to be used extensively
to control pests on farmland in the region despite the concern that they are highly toxic to certain vertebrate and mammalian
species. Data from this exploratory study showed that the dissipation half-lives (T
1/2) tended to correlate with soil pH and soil organic matter contents, but not with soil cation-exchange capacity. The T
1/2 values were seen to be shorter in soil samples fertilized with glucose than without. The rates of pyrethroid dissipation
also tended to increase with increasing initial soil concentration, but were largely unaffected by whether the pesticides
were present in the soil separately or as a mixture. Another noteworthy observation is that microbial activity appeared to
dominate the degradation process. Findings of this type could offer valuable clues for future research directions in reducing
pesticide persistence in soil, which in turn could lead to the ultimate reduction of environmental pollution caused by pyrethroid
application to farmland in the region.
Project supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences (Project No. KSCX2-YW-N-038) and the National Key Basic Research Support
Foundation (973), China (No. 2002CB4108010). 相似文献
770.
This study focused on the sorption isotherms of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) on different original clays (i.e., zeolite, montmorillonite and attapulgite) and organoclay complexes. Sorption of organic pollutants was determined using gas chromatographic (GC) techniques to investigate the sorption behavior, and characterize the effect of, different organic cations. The original clays only sorbed low amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE, and the sorptive curves can be classified as L-shaped. Organoclays exhibited higher amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption increased with increasing total organic carbon (OC) content of the organoclays. For hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA)-modified organoclays, the dominant adsorptive medium showed the partitioning sorption of hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction, indicating no competitive sorption. The sorptive curves can be classified as C-shaped of constant partition (CP). However, benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA)-modified organoclays exhibited competitive sorption. The sorption isotherm curves can be classified as S-shaped. The sorptive capacity of the HDTMA-modified organoclays for p,p'-DDT were higher than those for p,p'-DDE, but the BTMA-modified organoclays showed a reverse trend. This can be attributed to the different structures and shapes of organic cations, giving different sorptive mechanisms. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption onto HDTMA-modified organoclays were caused by chemical interaction, with the BTMA modified organoclays occuring due to physical sorption. 相似文献