浅析城市垃圾综合处理与再利用

综述了城市垃圾处理的现状及特点，分析了城市垃圾综合处理与再利用的优点、可行性，指出城市垃圾综合利用是加深垃圾再利用的关键，对如何促进城市垃圾综合处理与利用提出了建议。     

冷弯成形过程的计算

通过将冷弯变形分离为两部分,一部分为约束变形,另一部分为待定的反弹变形,然后使用两个简单函数来分别模拟,再利用弹性理论中的能量原理获得了整个变形过程的计算公式.最后通过实例计算验证了公式的有效性.     

福建尤溪肖板金矿控矿构造特征及其对矿化的控制

肖板金矿床控矿构造是在变质岩构造基础上发育起来的蒲洋变质核杂岩构造之北西侧的剥离构造－低角度正断层系，具有产状平缓、延伸稳定、明显穿切变质岩片理等特征，为以压扭性为主的韧脆性变形，上盘向北西运动，构造岩以千枚岩或构造片岩为主。低角度断层是重要的储矿构造，其控制了矿体的形态、产状、规模和分布，其压扭性力学性质决定了交代为主的矿化蚀变类型，而且在成矿过程中也起到地球化学界面作用。     

Sampling and determination of carbonyls in stack gas

Ｓｏｍｅａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅｓａｎｄｋｅｔｏｎｅｓａｒｅｔｏｘｉｃａｎｄｃａｒｃｉｎｏｇｅｎｉｃ．Ｔｏｔｈｅｐｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅｓａｎｄｋｅｔｏｎｅｓ，ａｇｒｅａｔａｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐａｉｄａｌｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ．Ｔｈｅ...     

湘西南震旦地层的微量元素地球化学特征及其地质含义

湘西南震旦系是在“江口裂谷”作用下形成的一套特殊地层。长安组 (长安冰期 )、富禄组 (富禄间冰期 )和洪江组 (洪江冰期 )具有相同或相似的元素组合 (Cu、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、V、Ti等元素组合正相关 )。他们的微量元素含量和主要组合特征对基底岩石 (高涧群 )具有继承性。从晚震旦世至早寒武世 ,元素Ag、As的相关模式基本相同 ,并且与元素Ba的相关模式曲线相似。还反映了大离子半径元素的热沉积的信息。V/Ni比值升高 ,Au、Ag趋向富集。说明晚震旦世晚期至早寒武世沉积盆地水体较深     

论石材工业废渣中人造金刚石的回收

人造金刚石是锯切石材最理想的材料。通过对锯片金刚石脱落及金刚石在废渣中赋存状态的分析，论述从废渣中回收金刚石的必要性、可能性和客观条件；利用金刚石特有的物理化学性质及其与造岩矿物之间的物性差异，采用筛分祛清洗废渣、矿物分离、金刚石提纯、选形分级等方法，可获得纯度为99％以上的人造金刚石，回收率可达10％一15％；通过对回收金刚石强度的测定和再利用，证明完全具有重新使用价值。从废渣中回收人造金刚石的方法可靠，工艺合理，成本约占产值的30％左右，具有较好的社会经济效益。在国内外属首创的回收入造金刚石方法具有良好的推广应用价值。     

应用计算机评价铁灭克农药对地下水污染的影响

研究了铁灭克农药(Aldicarb)对地下水污染的影响,同时用美国环保局提供的PRZM模型进行模拟.结果表明,田间试验的实测值与PRZM的模拟值吻合良好.在本试验条件下,棉田使用铁灭克对地下水无污染影响.研究表明,PRZM模型可以用来模拟铁灭克农药在其它平原地区使用时对地下水的影响。     

Observation-based sources evolution of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in a megacity of China

Both concentrations and emissions of many air pollutants have been decreasing due to implement of control measures in China, in contrast to the fact that an increase in emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) has been reported. This study employed seven years continuous NMHCs measurements and the related activities data of Shanghai, a megacity in China, to explore evolution of emissions and effectiveness of air pollution control measures. The mixing ratio of NMHCs showed no statistical interannual changes, of which their compositions exhibited marked changes. This resulted in a decreasing trend of ozone formation potential by 3.8%/year (p < 0.05, the same below), which should be beneficial to ozone pollution mitigation as its production in Shanghai is in the NMHCs-limited regime. Observed alkanes, aromatics and acetylene changed by +3.7%/year, -5.9%/year and -7.4%/year, respectively, and alkenes showed no apparent trend. NMHCs sources were apportioned by a positive matrix factorization model. Accordingly, vehicular emissions (-5.9%/year) and petrochemical industry emissions (-7.1%/year) decreased significantly, but the decrease slowed down; significant reduction in solvent usage (-9.0%/year) appeared after 2010; however, emissions of natural gas (+12.6%/year) and fuel evaporation (with an increasing fraction) became more important. The inconsistency between observations and inventories was found in interannual trend and speciation as well as source contributions, emphasizing the need for further validation in NMHCs emission inventory. Our study confirms the effectiveness of measures targeting mobile and centralized emissions from industrial sources and reveals a need focusing on fugitive emissions, which provided new insights into future air policies in polluted region.     

A novel multistage anoxic/aerobic process with sludge regeneration zone (R-MAO) for advanced nitrogen removal from domestic sewage

To achieve advanced nitrogen removal from actual municipal sewage, a novel multistage anoxic/aerobic process with sludge regeneration zone (R-MAO) was developed. The reactor was used to treat actual domestic sewage and the nitrogen removal capacity of the sludge regeneration zone (R zone) was investigated during the long-term operation. The best performance was obtained at the R zone's Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) of -50±30 mV and hydraulic residence times (HRT) of 1.2 hr. The average effluent COD, TN, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N of the R-MAO process were 18.0±2.3, 7.5±0.6, 1.0±0.5 and 4.6±0.4 mg/L, respectively, with the corresponding removal efficiency of COD, TN and NH₄⁺-N were 92.9%±1.0%, 84.1%±1.5% and 97.5%±1.1%. Compared to the sole MAO system, the TN removal efficiency of the R-MAO increased by 10.1%. Besides, under the optimal conditions, the contribution of the R zone in the R-MAO that removal COD, TN, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N were 0.36, 0.15, 0.032 and 0.82 g/day. High-throughput sequencing results showed that uncultured_bacterium_f_Burkholderiaceae (5.20%), OLB8 (1.04%) and Ottowia (1.03%) played an important role in denitrification in the R zone. This study provided effective guidance for the design and operation of the R-MAO process in domestic sewage treatment.     

国内城市有机垃圾热力处理法的技术可行性

对有机垃圾成分,热力特性和焚烧所产生的二次污染的研究,证实了:我国城市有机垃圾热力处理法在技术上是可行的。