发达国家环境健康损害赔偿模式对中国的启示

随着经济的发展,中国环境污染事故也到了一个高发期.如何构建适合中国国情的健康损害赔偿保障体系,对贯彻落实环保法的污染责任险至关重要.分析了发达国家现有公害病的补偿资金来源与形式,将其分为环境责任险、环境赔偿基金、环境税收、社会捐赠等,并对以上健康损害赔偿模式是否适用于中国进行了分析.研究发现,相比于发达国家,中国目前尚未建立完整的环境污染导致健康损害赔偿的经济保障体系.虽然中国在环境责任险领域已有一定的基础,但真正涉及健康损害的责任险工作却十分薄弱,其它健康损害赔偿的经济保障措施,如用于支付健康损害的环境税收体系、环境赔偿基金、社会捐赠体系等尚不完善.借鉴发达国家的经验,就中国现阶段亟待开展的健康损害赔偿模式进行剖析,以期为探索适用于中国的健康损害赔偿保障体系提供参考.     

管-土相互作用模型试验的尺寸效应及可靠性分析

为了分析北京地区粉质黏土场地中管-土相互作用土弹簧模型参数,进行了一系列管土相互作用试验。由于人力、经费、场地等原因,模型箱尺寸无法取到无限大,模型箱的尺寸效应有可能使试验数据出现一定偏差。为了检验已开展模型试验结果的可靠性,基于ABAQUS有限元软件进行了数值仿真,探讨了土体的破坏模式,研究了管-土相互作用试验的尺寸效应,并得到如下结论:土体破坏模式可分为深埋和浅埋两种破坏模式;模型箱下方和后方边界对试验结果影响较小,当深径比大于6时,前方边界开始对试验结果产生影响。最后,分析和修正了试验结果并对类似试验中的模型箱尺寸选取给出了建议。     

事故过程突变分析的研究进展

对事故过程突变模型的建立和突变分析研究现状进行了综述,并展望其发展趋势。     

Comprehensive Assessment of Regional Circular Economy Development Based on Efficiency of Resource ＆ Environment A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

In the first, the paper gave a retrospective analysis on the comprehensive assessment of circular economic development. According to the requirement of improving resource ＆ environment efficiency, the paper designed an analytical framework for a comprehensive assessment of regional circular economic growth, which consists of the goal, object and technical line of the comprehensive assessment of regional circular economic development. Given that, the paper discussed the criterion for choosing the assessment index, the approaches of index＇s weighing determination, the means of data standardization, and the reference system of assessment index value and so on. According to the framework of regional circular economic development evaluation, the paper made a comprehensive evaluation of Jiangsu Province＇s circular economic development. The result shows that from temporal change, Jiangsu Province＇s circular economic development had different stages; from the spatial comparison, there is variance among different regions, which could be divided into different types according to the spatial variance and the relation between the development of circular economy and the aggregative index number. There was a remarkable correlation between circular economic development level and GDP or the 2nd industry GDP. Finally, the ？aper gives some suggestions on how to promote the development of drcular economy in Jiangsu Province.     

川中丘陵区土地资源的可持续利用——以乐至县为例

川中丘区是四川省粮食经济作物的主产区，土壤肥沃、耕地少、土地利用复杂。以乐至县为例，探讨了该县土地资源的可持续利用。     

集中分拣回收,解决垃圾围城

利用工厂化流水线,对生活垃圾进行人工分拣,使资源各尽其用,是解决我国目前垃圾围城、资源紧缺、环境污染的最佳途径,同时可以吸纳大量人员就业.     

海河流域西三洼洪灾遥感监测背景信息系统的建立

为加强洪灾研究工作，做好灾前预评估、灾中跟踪评估、灾后详细评估工诈，应用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，建立起海河流域西三洼（东淀洼、文安茬、贾口控）洪灾遥感监测背景信息系统。     

Sustainable Development and the Basic Value of Natural Environment

Contrast with artificial environment, the multi-level self-organizational system of nature has great gain. Sustainable material environment should respect nature： non-rubbish and super-cycle quality of natural ecosystem offers the material source of human development, fractal structure of nature offers new field of space and information source to this high-density and information-based society, dissipative structure of nature links the new system of energy with whole ecosystem organically, and life-chain regulation is the base of sustainable life environment. Nature guarantees the physical healthy environ- ment by its all-dimension healthy factor, constructs the mental healthy environment by its quality of co-ordinate and chaos, so that guarantees the whole emergence of sustainable development on the ＇super-science＇ level In the view of sustainable development, construction, green economy and human health are basic fields. With the concept of ecosystem regulation, we can relate these fields organically and fulfill the task of human health, welfare and sustainable development. Ecosystem regulation is the base of sustainable development＇s new paradigm.     

Antimony speciation in the environment: Recent advances in understanding the biogeochemical processes and ecological effects

Antimony(Sb) is a toxic metalloid, and its pollution has become a global environmental problem as a result of its extensive use and corresponding Sb-mining activities. The toxicity and mobility of Sb strongly depend on its chemical speciation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the biogeochemical processes(including emission, distribution,speciation, redox, metabolism and toxicity) that trigger the mobilization and transformation of Sb from pollution sources to the surrounding environment. Natural phenomena such as weathering, biological activity and volcanic activity, together with anthropogenic inputs, are responsible for the emission of Sb into the environment. Sb emitted in the environment can adsorb and undergo redox reactions on organic or inorganic environmental media, thus changing its existing form and exerting toxic effects on the ecosystem. This review is based on a careful and systematic collection of the latest papers during 2010–2017 and our research results, and it illustrates the fate and ecological effects of Sb in the environment.