石油烃在水面上蒸发过程的研究

原油溢流到水体后对水体造成污染。研究油污的转化规律对于污染事故评价、污染治理方面有着非常重要的意义。通过对三种不同性质的原油进行的风化和蒸发实验 ,证明三种原油低组分具有很快的蒸发速度 ,4天时间就可蒸发掉90 %以上的原油 ,同时得出了不同原油的蒸发规律。     

Cornstarch explosion experiments and modeling in vessels ranged by height/diameter ratios

Height to diameter (H/D) ratio is one of the important parameters affecting premixed particle–air combustion characteristics. This paper focuses on the behavior of cornstarch combustion in closed vessels with changed H/D ratios and fixed volumes; and a combustion model is employed to simulate the experiments. An Eulerian–Lagrangian approach for two-phase flows was used in the model and conservation equations of unsteady turbulent two-phase reacting flows were solved in two-dimensional domains. Heat loss to the vessel walls was taken into consideration in the model. The simulation results have a good agreement with those of experiments. Further simulations were carried out for higher H/D ratios from 8 to 15. These results show that H/D=8 is a changing point. When H/D<8, the maximum pressure and the rate of maximum pressure rise decrease with increasing H/D ratios. While H/D>8, the both have an increasing tendency with increasing H/D ratios.     

The Time Invariance Principle,the absence of ecological chaos,and a fundamental pitfall of discrete modeling

This paper is to show that most discrete models used for population dynamics in ecology are inherently pathological that their predications cannot be independently verified by experiments because they violate a fundamental principle of physics. The result is used to tackle an on-going controversy regarding ecological chaos. Another implication of the result is that all dynamical systems must be modeled by differential equations. As a result it suggests that researches based on discrete modeling must be closely scrutinized and the teaching of calculus and differential equations must be emphasized for students of biology.     

陕西省钒行业清洁生产水平分析

选取资源能源利用、生产工艺技术、污染物排放、资源综合利用4类一级指标及其下属的18个二级指标,对陕西省18家钒产品生产企业进行清洁生产水平分析,分析结果：陕西省钒行业各评价指标的平均值属中等偏上清洁水平,矿石回采率、浸出率（湿法）、沉钒率、热解率、钒总回收率等指标得分较高,氨消耗和排放量、废石排放量、废水钒浓度及酸消耗量（火法）等指标得分较低,提出资源能源消耗、资源综合利用和生产工艺设备三方面对策。     

Porous FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08：Highly efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of Methylene Blue under visible-light illumination

Porous S-doped bismuth vanadate with an olive-like morphology and its supported iron oxide （y wt.% FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08, y = 0.06, 0.76, and 1.40） photocatalysts were fabricated using the dodecylamine-assisted alcohol-hydrothermal and incipient wetness impregnation methods, respectively. It is shown that the y wt.% FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08 photocatalysts contained a monoclinic scheetlite BiVO4 phase with a porous olive-like morphology, a surface area of 8.8-9.2 m^2/g, and a bandgap energy of 2.38-2.42 eV. There was co-presence of surface Bi^5＋, Bi^3＋, V^5＋, V^3＋, Fe^3＋, and Fe^2＋ species in y wt.% FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08. The 1.40 wt.% FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08 sample performed the best for Methylene Blue degradation under visible-light illumination. The photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed. We believe that the sulfur and FeOx co-doping, higher oxygen adspecies concentration, and lower baudgap energy were responsible for the excellent visible-light-driven catalytic activity of 1.40 wt.% FeOx/BiVO4-δS0.08.     

热风炉大气污染物适用排放标准

本文从热风炉的定义、分类、特性、行业标准等方面进行分析,并从热风炉大气污染物适用的有关地方排放标准加以应证,提出热风炉大气污染物适用排放标准应按照GB13271-2001《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》执行。     

Strictly protected areas are not necessarily more effective than areas in which multiple human uses are permitted

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies protected areas into six categories, ranging from strict nature reserves to areas where multiple human uses are permitted. In the past, many researchers have questioned the effectiveness of multiple-use areas, fueling an unresolved debate regarding their conservation value. The literature so far has been inconclusive: although several studies have found that strictly protected areas are more effective, others have found the opposite, and yet others that the two types do not differ. To help resolve this debate, we reviewed the literature on protected areas and conducted our own analysis using > 19 000 terrestrial protected areas worldwide. We found that the differences between strictly protected areas and areas in which multiple human uses are permitted are often small and not statistically significant. Although the effectiveness of protected areas worldwide varies, other factors, besides their assigned IUCN category, are likely to be driving this pattern.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01426-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Comparison of retention and output of sulfur in limestone soil and yellow soil and their responses to acid deposition in a small karst catchment of Guizhou Province,Southwest China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Investigating the responses of retention and output of sulfur (S) is significant to understand the impact of atmospheric S deposition on the S cycling...     

Microgreen Variety Impacts Leaf Surface Persistence of a Human Norovirus Surrogate

Food and Environmental Virology - Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a pathogenic agent that is frequently associated with foodborne disease outbreaks linked to fresh produce. Within microgreen production...     

Measurement of atmospheric nanoparticles: Bridging the gap between gas-phase molecules and larger particles

Atmospheric nanoparticles are crucial components contributing to fine particulate matter(PM2.5), and therefore have significant effects on visibility, climate, and human health. Due to the unique role of atmospheric nanoparticles during the evolution process from gas-phase molecules to larger particles, a number of sophisticated experimental techniques have been developed and employed for online monitoring and characterization of the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric nanoparticles,...