Characteristics,decoupling effect,and driving factors of regional tourism’s carbon emissions in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - By revealing the temporal and spatial differentiation of China’s regional tourism carbon emissions and its decoupling relationship with tourism...     

Direct degradation of methylene blue by unactivated peroxymonosulfate: reaction parameters,kinetics, and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are efficient methods for water purification. However, there are few studies on using peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to...     

How does turions production of Potamogeton crispus L. respond to parental population biomass and living environment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Turions production is the dominant means of propagation in Potamogeton crispus L. To understand how parental population and their living environmental...     

Near-surface wind profile test based on accuracy verification of UAV anemometer lifting height in an urban fringe built-up area

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Multirotor UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) have been widely used in urban vertical wind environment testing, whereas less attention has been given to...     

基于蒙特卡洛模拟的城市道路网络地震易损性分析∗

城市道路网络是重要的生命线工程系统,其抗震性能直接影响城市震时人员逃生和震后救灾是否能够迅速开展。现阶段,地震工程学界已发展了完善的单一路段地震易损性分析方法,但对道路网络整体性态水平划分、破坏指标选取和地震易损性评价等问题尚无明确结果。基于此,利用二维平面网络统计特征量作为破坏评价指标,提出了一类城市道路网络地震易损性的评价方法,并利用蒙特卡洛模拟方法计算了实际城市路网的地震易损性矩阵。首先,给出了城市道路网络地震破坏模拟步骤,包括路网建模、空间变化地震动模拟和基于路段易损性函数的路网地震破坏模拟;然后,利用分支数量和最大分支直径作为指标,对城市道路网络性态水平进行了划分,给出了基于蒙特卡洛方法的路网地震易损性分析框架;最后,以河北省秦皇岛市为例,计算了城市道路网络的地震易损性矩阵。本文发展的城市路网地震易损性分析方法可为城市道路系统整体抗震安全性评价及优化设计提供参考。     

复合垂直流人工湿地的脱氮机理及影响因素分析

采用沸石和砾石作为填料,研究复合垂直流人工湿地处理农村生活污水的脱氮机理。试验结果表明:复合垂直流人工湿地对污水中氮的去除主要发生在下行流填料柱中,其去除机理主要是微生物对溶解态氮的硝化和反硝化作用;悬浮态氮沉积在填料孔隙中,会出现"氮释放"现象;水温、气水比、碳氮比、氮源形式等因素对湿地系统的脱氮效率有显著影响。     

Risk to humans of consuming metals in anchovy (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Coilia</Emphasis> sp.) from the Yangtze River Delta

Concentrations of metals were determined in four species of anchovy (Coilia sp.) from the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, and Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province, China. Concentrations of Cr in anchovy fish muscle ranged from 2.6 × 10⁻² to 5.0 mg/kg ww, and Coilia nasus taihuensis in Jiaoshan, Taihu Lake contained the highest concentrations of Cr, which was almost 111-fold higher than the mean value at other locations. Concentrations of Pb ranged from 1.5 × 10⁻² to 1.3 × 10⁻¹ mg/kg ww. Comparisons of concentrations of lead (Pb) among the four species indicated that anadromous species contained higher concentrations of Pb than did freshwater species. However, concentrations of Pb in C. nasus from the Nanjing and Haimen locations in the Yangtze River were not significant higher than those of two freshwater species: C. nasus taihuensis from Taihu Lake and C. brachygnathus from Hongze Lake (Duncan’s test, α = 0.05). While concentrations of Cd and Zn ranged from 7.0 × 10⁻⁴ to 3.6 × 10⁻³ mg/kg ww and 3.4 to 4.8 mg/kg ww, respectively, there were no significant differences in concentrations among the eight locations. The only concentration of the metals studied that exceeded the Chinese National Standard was Cr in Coilia from Jiaoshan, Taihu Lake, which was 2.5-fold higher than the standard. These results indicate that people who consume the genus Coilia are not at risk due to concentrations of metals, except Cr in C. nasus taihuensis from Jiaoshan in Taihu Lake. Concentrations of all of the metals studied except for Cr were similar to or less than those of metals in most other areas in the world.     

TCP污染土壤的植物修复及其毒性评价

利用盆载试验研究了黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum L.)对2,4,6-三氯酚(TCP)污染土壤的修复作用及其植物毒性影响.结果表明,培养75 d后土壤中TCP的可提取态质量分数随着时间延长逐渐减少,黑麦草加快了土壤中可提取态TCP质量分数的下降.在TCP浓度为1,10,100 mg·kg-1的处理中,种植黑麦草的降解率分别是92.5%、78.2%、55.6%,无植物处理的降解率分别为56.3%、49.2%、37.5%.植物毒性试验结果发现,Lactuca sativa种子的根生长试验可以判断土壤毒性的变化,土壤毒性随着处理时间的延长,毒性降低,说明了植物修复的作用.TCP污染土壤的水提取液也存在毒性,TCP污染土壤有污染地下水和地表水的可能.Lactuca sativa的发芽率不能反映土壤的毒性变化规律,不宜作为评价TCP污染土壤的毒性指标.可见,种植黑麦草具有强化TCP污染土壤的修复作用,可通过促进黑麦草生长,增强土壤微生物活性,提高黑麦草修复TCP污染土壤的能力.     

曝气-絮凝处理垃圾渗滤液研究

通过现场处理 ,对垃圾渗滤液的曝气 -絮凝处理进行了研究。结果表明该方法对渗滤液的色度、COD、总磷去除率达 80 %以上 ,对氨氮去除率达 60 %以上。在此基础上提出了最优综合控制指标     

世纪之交的安全、卫生与环境--世界面临新挑战

自从1955年在罗马召开了首届世界职业安全与卫生大会以来,世界范围内的职业安全与卫生已越来越引起人们高度的重视,国际劳工组织(ILO)和国际社会保障协会(ISSA)对每一次大会都十分关注。20世纪末的最后一届大会在巴西召开,大会讨论了国际社会共同关注的问题和人类未来将遇到的挑战,即人类共同生存的环境与安全如何更美好。 大会的主题是："安全、卫生与环境--全球的挑战"。 权威人士认为世纪之交之际是国与国之间相互依存这样一种从未有过的历史时刻,讨论职业安全卫生与环境极为重要。当前,经济全球化和竞争的加剧提出对生命质量新的条件因素和对生命质量提高的新挑战,经济全球化造成新的风险,也使各国相互交流经验成为可能。