大风量VOCs废气治理

本研究对用于排放VOCs废气治理的几种常用工艺方法进行了对比分析,重点介绍了吸附 催化燃烧综合法的治理工艺。详细描述了一种典型的大风量VOCs废气治理技术,即以吸附 催化燃烧综合法原理为基础、以蜂窝状活性炭作为吸附剂的FCJ系列有机废气净化装置的技术特点     

基于层次分析法的矿井掘进工作面安全评价模型

本文结合煤矿掘进生产过程中的危险有害因素,考虑了影响煤矿掘进工作面安全的各种因素,构建了煤矿掘进工作面安全评价指标体系。基于层次分析法,建立了掘进工作面安全性评价模型,并对影响掘进面安全性的各指标进行了分析,确定了各指标的权重,其结果对矿井掘进工作面安全评价和安全管理工作的开展具有一定的参考价值。     

Kinetics of oxidative decolorization and mineralization of Acid Orange 7 by dark and photoassisted Co2+-catalyzed peroxymonosulfate system

A kinetic model was proposed and used to interpret the experimental data for degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in aqueous solution induced by Co(2+)/peroxymonosulfate (Co/PMS) reagent in terms of both decolorization and mineralization. The pseudo first-order decolorization rate constants are related to [Co(2+)], [PMS], reciprocal of [H(+)] and [AO7](0). Activation energy of the AO7 decolorization process was determined to be 75.7 kJ mol(-1). UV and visible light can accelerate the decolorization and mineralization process due to different mechanisms. In the combined UV/Co/PMS system, UV light can decompose PMS to generate hydroxyl ((*)OH) and sulfate radicals (SO(4)(*-)), while in the Vis/Co/PMS system, excited AO7 molecules can transfer electrons to PMS or Co(3+) and thus accelerate the decomposition of PMS and catalytic cycle of Co(3+)/Co(2+).     

酸性橙7在PbO2/Ti和IrO2-Ta2O5/Ti电极上的电催化氧化

采用PbO2/Ti和IrO2-Ta2O5/Ti电极对酸性橙7(AO7)模拟废水进行了电解处理实验研究。考察了2种电极上不同电流密度条件下AO7的去除率、反应动力学、COD去除效果及瞬时电流效率,结果表明,在相同条件下,PbO2/Ti电极表现出更好的处理效率、更适合用于AO7的矿化。循环伏安(CV)曲线表明,PbO2/Ti电极具有更高的析氧电位且在AO7电解液中出现了氧化峰,说明PbO2/Ti电极对AO7具有更好的催化活性和直接氧化能力。紫外可见光谱对比分析表明,IrO2-Ta2O5/Ti电极对AO7的结构破坏速度缓慢且伴随苯胺等中间产物产生,对AO7的矿化程度弱。对比结果说明PbO2/Ti电极更适合于偶氮类染料废水的电催化氧化处理。     

Competition gives way to cooperation:rethinking Sino-Indian relations in climate change negotiations

In global climate change politics,China and India have worked closely with each other,representing two big emitters from the developing world.This article reviews Sino-Indian cooperation during four UN climate change negotiations from 2009 to 2012.Their collaboration echoed the perception of neorealism in international relations(IR) studies that states will seek "external balancing" for maximizing national "relative gains".China and India are expected to continue their cooperation on climate change issues when sharing the same structural position as big economies and big emitters,the same pressure in carbon emission reductions,and the same goal of improving living standards for their citizens.Encountering the devastating impacts of climate change and the deadlock in responsibility division in current global climate change governance,this work seeks to shed light on the evolving multilateral governance environment and its complex implications for Sino-Indian relations from an IR perspective.     

基于实测高光谱数据的太湖悬浮物浓度与透明度分区

通过实地测量太湖水体的反射光谱和表层水质,利用实测数据以及水-气界面辐射传输模型计算其遥感反射率,并根据太湖的实际水质状况将其划分为3个区域,分别分析太湖总体和分区的反射光谱曲线,建立太湖不同区域水体悬浮物浓度和透明度的反演模型。结果表明,就悬浮物浓度和透明度而言,太湖3个区域中以东太湖水质最佳,贡湖、梅梁湖和竺山湖次之,南部和西部最差;对太湖进行分区研究能够更好地反应太湖水质的差异性,拟合各区域的水质状况,分区模型精度较全湖区模型高,误差也普遍较小,能够提高研究结果的可信度和可行性。     

Characterization of soil heavy metal contamination and potential health risk in metropolitan region of northern China

Soil in metropolitan region suffers great contamination risk due to the rapid urbanization especially in developing countries. Beijing and Tianjin, together with their surrounding regions, form a mega-metropolitan region in northern China. To assess the soil environmental quality, a total of 458 surface soil samples were collected from this area. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Hg were analyzed and compared to the Chinese environmental quality standards for soil. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify the possible sources and Geographic Information Systems techniques were applied to visualize the spatial data. It was found that the primary inputs of As were due to pedogenic sources, whereas Hg was mainly of anthropogenic source. Other elements including Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were from both lithogenic and anthropogenic origins. Health risk assessment based on the maximum heavy metal concentration indicated that As derived from sewage irrigation area can result in carcinogenic lifetime risk due to ingestion and/or dermal contact of soil. The potential non-carcinogenic risk for children is significant for Pb and the cumulative effect of multiple metals is of concern for children in the vicinity of mining site. The results increased our knowledge for understanding natural and anthropogenic sources as well as health risk for metals in metropolitan soil.     

处理含油废水的好氧颗粒污泥形成过程及其特性研究

含油废水中因含有较高浓度的油脂类物质和聚合物而对环境造成危害,威胁人类健康,同时,为解决采用传统膜分离工艺运行成本较高的难题,开展了基于好氧颗粒污泥技术的含油废水处理研究.结果表明,以含油废水启动反应器,经35 d好氧颗粒污泥培养成熟,COD和溶解性油的去除率高达86.0%和94.2%;在絮状污泥颗粒化过程中,污泥胞外聚合物中蛋白质类物质含量提高3.7倍,蛋白质类物质与多糖类物质比值升高到2.72,证明胞外聚合物内蛋白质类物质浓度增加是活性污泥颗粒化的重要因素;好氧颗粒污泥荧光光谱结果显示好氧颗粒污泥中蛋白质类物质的稳定存在是好氧颗粒污泥形成的重要因素.选取好氧颗粒污泥技术处理含油废水的效果和成本均优于常规生物处理工艺和膜分离工艺,由于污泥及其胞外聚合物中多糖类和蛋白质类物质含量均较高,适用于回收污泥资源,对含油污泥的资源化利用意义重大.     

顶空-气相色谱法测定水中三乙胺浓度

建立了测定水中三乙胺浓度的项空-气相色谱法。在恒温的密闭容器中,强碱性时水样中的三乙胺在气、液两相间分配直至达到平衡,取水样上方气相样品,使用气相色谱-氢火焰检测器（FID）进行检测,通过外标法测定样品中待测物质浓度。实验表明,在碱性条件下,三乙胺采用顶空气相色谱法测试时具备良好的响应线性,相关系数〉0．999。加入无机盐氯化钠后可以显著提高检测灵敏度,测定下限可以达到0．5mg／L。     

菌株Acinetobacter sp.C-2对酸性红GR的脱色研究

近年来,生物法处理染料废水已成为国内外的研究热点。文章实验室通过梯度驯化,从土壤中分离筛选得到一株能有效脱色磺基化偶氮染料酸性红GR的菌株C-2,根据16S rDNA基因序列分析鉴定为Acinetobacter sp.。采用表面响应法(Response Surface Methodology,RSM)对菌株C-2脱色酸性红GR的主要影响因素进行了优化,实验结果表明最优条件为:接种量17.5 g/L,酸性红GR初始浓度100 mg/L,酵母粉浓度2.50 g/L,果糖浓度3.00 g/L。在该条件下,14 h内脱色率可达99%。同时,利用Haldane方程对菌株的脱色动力学进行拟合,最大脱色速率vmax、亲和常数Ks和抑制常数Ksi分别为328.33 mg/(g.h)、309.69 mg/L和1 365.83 mg/L,并且经计算,最佳脱色速率和GR浓度分别为105.91 mg/goh、650.37 mg/L。研究结果表明菌株C-2具有较高的偶氮染料脱色活性,用于实际染料废水的生物修复具有较好的应用前景。