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571.
环境一号卫星环境应用系统工程及其关键技术研究进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
简介长达11年的国家重点项目“环境一号卫星环境应用系统工程及其关键技术研究”的核心内容及其重要研究成果,对环境一号卫星系统需求分析、设计理论、研制发射和运行应用全过程进行了完整的研究与实践,为环境一号卫星系统的建设、应用和业务运行奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
572.
Fangkun Zhu Xuejing Wang Wenxiu Fan Li Qu Meiying Qiao Shuwen Yao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(5):3909-3916
Herbal tea is consumed widely in China due to their therapeutic efficacy, mild features, and relatively low cost. To assess the health risk associated with drinking herbal tea, arsenic and seven heavy metals, namely Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, and Pb in eight different types of herbal flowers and their infusions were determined by inductively coupled–mass spectrometry after microwave digestion. The accuracy and precision of the analytical method were confirmed by the certified reference material (GBW 07605). The results suggested that significant differences existed in all metal concentrations determined among different varieties of herbal flowers and their infusions. In general, the concentration of iron was higher than those of seven other metals in the investigated herbal flowers and their infusions. The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were calculated to evaluate the noncarcinogenic health risk from individual metal and combined metals due to the dietary intakes via consumption of herbal infusions. Both the HQ and HI levels were far below one, suggesting that the dietary intakes of the eight metals determined from daily consumption 4.5 g of the investigated herbal flowers for a normal adult should pose no potential risk to human health. 相似文献
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576.
土壤生态毒性测试方法综述 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
土壤生态毒性测试在化学品管理和污染土壤评价等方面具有重要作用。传统的测试方法通常是利用生物个体、种群等水平上的存活、繁殖等测试终点来评价化学品或污染土壤对生态系统的影响。微宇宙等模拟生态系统和一些野外试验方法更接近生态系统的实际情况,但耗时更长、花费更高。与传统的测试方法相比,生物标志物敏感性高、响应速度快,有可能作为土壤污染的快速诊断工具。近年来,新技术的应用进一步促进了土壤生态毒理学的发展,如组学技术有助于理解有毒物的致毒机制,发现新的分子生物标志物。本文综述了目前土壤生态毒性测试的主要方法及其标准化和应用现状,同时对土壤生态毒性测试方法今后的研究方向及在我国环境管理中的应用提出展望。 相似文献
577.
To explore the underlying mechanism for the high tolerance to excess manganese stress in the grape species (Vitis vinifera Linn), we observed the subcellular compartment of Mn element, anatomic and biochemical responses of two grape cultivars (Combier and Shuijin) under excess Mn stress in semi-controlled environmental condition. Grape species exhibited typical detoxifying or tolerant mechanism as following: first, majority of Mn element accumulated in leaf was excluded into cell wall or comparted into cell vacuole to avoid cellular Mn-toxicity; Mn and other elements were also secreted into leaf surface or deposited in vascular wall; second, only small amount of Mn was located in cellular organ, and excess Mn in chloroplast was detoxified by depositing in starch granule, which serve as a novel detoxifying strategy; additionally, the cellular Mn was further chelated by phytochelatins; third, to quench the toxic oxygen radicals, the total phenolic compounds and polyamine (putrescine and spermidine) were enhanced. Although the obvious symptom of Mn-toxicity was not detected, we observed the dessication symptom under high level of Mn treatment in the two cultivars, such as sunk stomata, thickened palisade tissue, enhanced palisade/spongy tissue ratio and abscisic acid concentration. The growth inhibition and dessication symptom in the two grape cultivars could be largely associated with osmotic stress resulted from high concentration of leaf Mn. 相似文献
578.
采用改性矿物吸附法和O3氧化法对某制药厂维生素B12废水进行脱色处理。以废水色度去除率大于50%为目的,通过实验确定改性矿物吸附法和O3氧化法处理维生素B12废水的最佳工艺条件:废水的pH为3.00,有机化膨润土的投加量为5g/L,PAC的投加量为6g/L,投加有机化膨润土后搅拌时间为30min时,废水的色度去除率可达到51.3%,处理成本为12.85元/t。O3氧化法的最佳条件:废水的pH保持不变,O3流量为5g/h,反应时间为2min,废水的色度去除率可达到68.8%,处理成本为0.96元/t。对比这2种方法,O3氧化法处理该废水成本更低、效率更高,并且能提高废水的可生化性以便后续处理。 相似文献
579.
研究了混凝一气浮工艺对不同分子量区间三卤甲烷生成势(trihalomethanes formation potential,THMFP)的去除效果及絮体形态对THMFP去除效果的影响。结果表明,混凝一气浮工艺以去除大分子量区间THMFP为主,对小分子量区间THMFP的去除效果较差。UV254值与THMFP值的线性相关系数为0.9449,UV254值可以较好地反映THMFP的含量。絮体的分形维数为1.17~1.2时,孔隙率较大,可增加絮体对THMFP的活性吸附空间,且絮体相对密度较小,可增强同向絮凝作用,增加絮体和THMFP的接触概率,有利于气浮对THMFP的去除。 相似文献
580.
Spatiotemporal distributions of nutrients in the downstream from Gezhouba Dam in Yangtze River, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hu J Qiao Y Zhou L Li S 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2849-2859