物理化学法治理印染废水的研究

本文提出了两个治理印染废水的综合物化流程:(1)SE—J型絮凝剂絮凝→气浮→次氯酸钙氧化→炉渣吸附;(2)SE—型絮凝剂絮凝→气浮→活性炭吸附,并对每个处理过程进行了条件实验。实验结果表明:废水经流程(1)处理后,COD去除率达82—87%,色度去除率达88—92%,废水经流程(2)处理后,COD去除率达89—92%,色度去除率达97—98%。经两个流程处理后的出水水质分别接近或达到国家排放标准。     

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables was presented in this paper.The complete set of procedure included three steps:bioassay,cholinesterase inhibition and GLC analysis.The samples could be identified to be contaminated with pesticides if 5% of house flies was knocked down in 50 tested house flies. Those samples contaminated with pesticides needed to be detected by AChE inhibition method.The qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by GLC.Recoveries ranged from 83.7% in Chinese cabbages to 105.6% in tomatoes for pyrethroids,and 84.0% in tomatoes to 102.7% in sweetbell redpeppes for organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to 7.87% for pyrethroids. and 0.33% to 9.88% for organophosphorus compounds with vegetables. The complete set of procedure has been used successfully to analyze 7000 samples collected in Beijing. About 1% of the samp     

黄腐酸与镰刀菌代谢产物的ESR谱性质的研究

以ESR谱仪为主要工具,配合大骨节病病因研究,进行了有关地区饮水中有机物,主要是腐殖酸的黄腐酸级分和粮食真菌——镰刀菌代谢产物性质的相似性比较研究.结果发现,病区粮食中自由基浓度高于非病区,而尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium Oxysporum)浸染使玉米粉的自由基浓度增加.在氧化、还原、加热和改变酸碱度等处理过程中,菌粮自由基的ESR谱表现出和黄腐酸同样的变化规律.菌粮水提液经GDX-102树脂吸附后,其ESR谱和pH值的关系表明,镰刀菌代谢产物中的自由基集中于带有酸性基团的分子上.水提液的紫外及荧光光谱和黄腐酸具有一定的相似性,因而推论镰刀苗代谢产物的自由基与黄腐酸一样,都是半醌自由基.最后就这类自由基和大骨节病的关系进行了讨论.     

酸雨损害农作物的对策研究——喷水消除酸雨对农作物的损害

经模拟酸雨处理植物的试验表明,酸雨对植物叶片的直接损害是由于酸雨水滴滞留在叶面引起的。若在雨后2h内喷水(pH7.0±0.2)以驱除滞留在叶面的水滴,叶片则无受害症状,叶绿素含量、生物产量和经济产量所受的影响也将减轻甚至完全不受影响。     

电力需求侧管理与可持续发展战略

在探讨电力需求侧管理理论，方法以及电力经济结构和电力与环境问题的基础上，分析评价电力需求侧管理对可持续发展的作用贡献，电力需求侧管理是促进系统可持续发展的战备途径之一。     

前屯煤矿矿井水处理作饮用水的技术实践

本文根据前屯煤矿矿井水排放规律和原水水质特征，采用ＫＪＳ型一体化净水器，锰砂除铁滤器及消毒等处理工艺，处理后水质完全达到国家饮用水标准，工程投资和运行费用均较合理。     

《立体构成》课程建设中教学方法的改革与实践

本文通过对《立体构成》课程教学对象的分析，探讨了该课程在理论与实践教学环节教学方法的改进。实践证明，这些改进对于充分发掘学生潜力，激发学生的求知欲望，提高教师业务水平，促进《立体构成》课程教学改革具有重要意义。     

厌氧折流板反应器处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水的研究

采用厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,研究了工艺条件和工艺特征。试验结果表明 ,在HRT为 2 4h ,OLR为 6 .5 6kgCOD/m3 ·d条件下 ,ABR能有效处理浓度为 6 5 6 0mgCOD/L的玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,COD去除率为 75 .1% ;ABR对负荷冲击有良好的适应性 ,且具有推流式和两相式反应器的双重特点。     

Effects of freezing on the survival of Escherichia coli and Bacillus and response to UV and chlorine after freezing.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus megaterium bacteria were frozen at -15 degrees C using a freezer and a spray freezing method. The frozen Bacillus spores were also exposed to UV and free chlorine. An average of 4.7-log inactivation was obtained from the spray ice with 2-day storage time, while the freezer freezing only caused 0.84-log reduction with the same storage time. Significantly higher inactivation levels were observed for the E. coli cells with 2-day storage compared with those without storage. The spray freezing was found more effective in killing the E. coli cells, while more cells were sublethally injured by the freezer freezing. Freezing did not kill the Bacillus megaterium spores, but affected their response to UV and chlorine. Greater inactivation levels were observed at higher free chlorine doses or longer contact time, and the UV fluence-response curve showed initial rapid kill followed by tailing for the frozen spores.     

Photocatalytic reactions of pyrene at TiO2/water interfaces

The photocatalytic oxidation of pyrene preadsorbed on TiO2 is examined in aqueous suspension under UV irradiation. Chemical oxygen demand measurements, UV-VIS spectrophotometer, infrared spectrometer and GC-MS analytical techniques were used to monitor the formed intermediates. During the oxidation processes, the ring-open reaction, hydroxylation and ketolysis occurred to produce some intermediate products (4-oxapyrene-5-one, 1,6- or 1,8-pyrenediones, 4,5-phenanthrenedialdehyde, cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene). Some factors affecting the photodegradation rate were also studied. The results were different from other studies: The pH of the dispersion, ratio of Py/TiO2:water had little effect on the photooxidation rate of pyrene catalyzed by TiO2, while the surface coverage, addition of Fe3+ affected it greatly.