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21.
Sebastián Villasante Gonzalo Macho Manel Antelo David Rodríguez-González Michel J. Kaiser 《Ambio》2013,42(8):905-909
In this paper, we summarize the contributions made by an interdisciplinary group of researchers from different disciplines (biology, ecology, economics, and law) that deal with key dimensions of marine social–ecological systems. Particularly, the local and global seafood provision; the feasibility and management of marine protected areas; the use of marine ecosystem services; the institutional dimension in European fisheries, and the affordable models for providing scientific advice to small-scale fisheries. This Special Issue presents key findings from selected case studies around the world available to educators, policy makers, and the technical community. Together, these papers show that a range of diverse ecological, economic, social, and institutional components often mutually interact at spatial and temporal scales, which evidence that managing marine social–ecological systems needs a continuous adaptability to navigate into new governance systems. 相似文献
22.
Muñoz J Mudge SM Loyola-Sepulveda R Muñoz G Bravo-Linares C 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(6):1671-1676
A pipe rupture during unloading led to a spillage of 350-700 tonnes of Ca?o Limon, a light sweet crude oil, into San Vicente Bay in 2007. Initial clean-up methods removed the majority of the oil from the sandy beaches although some oil remained on the rocky shores. It was necessary for the responsible party to clean the spilled oil even though at this location there were already crude oil hydrocarbons from previous industrial activity. A biosolvent based on vegetable oil derivatives was used to solubilise the remaining oil and a statistical approach to source apportionment was used to determine the efficacy of the cleaning. Sediment and contaminated rock samples were taken prior to cleaning and again at the same locations two days after application of the biosolvent. The oil was extracted using a modified USEPA Method 3550B. The alkanes were quantified together with oil biomarkers on a GC-MS. The contribution that Ca?o Limon made to the total oil hydrocarbons was calculated from a Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis using Ca?o Limon crude oil as the source. By the time the biosolvent was applied, there had already been some attenuation of the oil with all alkanes 相似文献
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24.
Schroederichthys chilensis is a common shark that lives in Chilean coastal environments. In this work, the relationship between liver 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase dealkylation (EROD) activity and Fluorescent Aromatic Compounds (FAC) in bile of S. chilensis sampled in three bays with different degrees of pollution were performed including a reference area. Sixty individuals were collected, 20 for each site; (10 males and 10 females per site) livers and bile samples were obtained and immediately frozen. EROD activity and FAC were measured according to three standard methods. EROD activity and FAC were higher in polluted areas than in the reference area. Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra of the bile from the fish collected at the most polluted area showed a peak at 347nm representing a metabolite corresponding to 1-hydroxypyrene. The low EROD activity in the reference area is likely related to the low level of PAH in sediments. We propose that this species is a good indicator of exposure to FACs, since it presents a series of characteristics that make it suitable for monitoring PAH exposure in coastal zones. 相似文献
25.
Gretchen Goodbody-Gringley Steven V. Vollmer Robert M. Woollacott Gonzalo Giribet 《Marine Biology》2010,157(12):2591-2602
Understanding population connectivity in corals is particularly important as these organisms are increasingly threatened by
abiotic and biotic factors. This study examined the population genetic structure of the brooding coral Favia fragum across four locations in the Caribbean and Western Atlantic using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Morphological features
were also compared to test whether genetic diversity corresponds with skeletal morphology. When comparing across distantly
related Caribbean and Bermudian locations, F
ST values were high and significant, indicating strong genetic structure. At a local scale, significant genetic structure was
found among reefs in Panama, while no genetic structure was found among reefs within Barbados, Bermuda or Jamaica. Surprisingly,
a single haplotype for each of the three markers examined was found in Bermuda, where samples varied significantly from all
other locations in three out of four morphological features analyzed. These data indicate that gene flow of F. fragum may occur locally among reefs but is highly restricted at distant locations. Furthermore, isolated populations, such as that
of Bermuda, must be self-seeding to maintain the observed genetic uniformity. 相似文献
26.
Gustavo Horacio Nadal Gonzalo Bravo Leonidas Osvaldo Girardin Sebastián Gortari 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2013,15(4):1079-1097
This work addresses increasing concerns about water management for rural productive activities in the vast dry regions of Latin America by assessing renewable energy technologies (RETs) that could be suitable for localized needs. Forecasted trends in climate change and variability make this analysis very relevant, in an area where very little published work exists. While Argentina is widely known for its fertile pampas, around 75 % of the country consists of dry lands. In addition, erosion is increasing by up to 650,000 hectares each year. The coordinated adoption of a set of actions, including land use planning and strengthening productive activities that guarantee access to water and improve water and soil management is needed. Renewable energies could help towards achieving these aims, if water is made available at affordable costs and with suitable technologies. This paper evaluates experiences with three RETs—photovoltaic pumping from deep wells, small wind turbine pumping, and high-power wind turbines, and discusses a potential role for use in rural Argentina. Although cheaper and more reliable renewable alternatives to energy sources such as diesel could be used for pumping from groundwater resources in isolated locations, limitations arise when pumping head and/or water volume requirements are large or highly seasonal. The cost increases and technical challenges of accessing this deeper water, as indicated by case studies, emphasize the importance of planning and support schemes development. 相似文献
27.
Hoffmann Nicolás Fincheira Paola Tortella Gonzalo Rubilar Olga 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):82619-82631
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the most widely used technology for organic matter treatment. However, multiple types of research have reported on... 相似文献
28.
29.
Francisco J. Arjona Susana Sangiao-Alvarellos Sergio Polakof Angel García-López María P. Martín del Río Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez José L. Soengas Juan M. Mancera 《Marine Biology》2008,153(4):661-671
To assess the interaction between testosterone (T) treatment and acclimation to different salinities, seawater-acclimated
gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus) were implanted with slow-release coconut oil implants alone (control) or containing T (5 μg/g body mass). After 5 days,
eight fish of control and T-treated groups were sampled. The same day, eight fish of each group were transferred to low salinity
water (LSW, 6 ppt, hypoosmotic test), seawater (SW, 38 ppt, control test) and high salinity water (HSW, 55 ppt, hyperosmotic
test) and sampled 9 days later. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity increased in HSW-acclimated fish with respect to SW- and LSW-acclimated fish in both control and T-treated
groups. Kidney Na+, K+-ATPase activity was also enhanced in HSW-acclimated fish, but only in T-treated group. From a metabolic point of view, most
of the changes observed can be attributed to the action of salinity and T treatment alone, since few interactions between
T treatment and osmotic acclimation to different salinities were observed. Those interactions included in treated fish: in
the liver, decreased capacity in using glucose in fish acclimated to extreme salinities; in the gills, decreased capacity
in using amino acids in HSW; in the kidneys increased capacity in using amino acids in extreme salinities; and in the brain,
decreased glycogen and acetoacetate levels of fish in LSW. 相似文献
30.
Recio-Sánchez Gonzalo Tighe-Neira Ricardo Alvarado Claudia Inostroza-Blancheteau Claudio Benito Noelia García-Rodríguez Alba Marcos Ricard Pesenti Héctor Carmona Erico R. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15115-15123
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthetized with Cryptocarya alba (Peumo) leaf extract were studied. The fabrication method was... 相似文献