青白江区长流河水质监测质量评价与治理

采用水环境质量综合指数评价法对青白江区长流河水质进行监测评价,结果表明长流河水质污染严重,氨氮和总氮严重超标,不同水期污染水平为总氮＞氨氮＞CODCr.提出治理长流河的方法要从生态、经济、人文、社会效应等多方面考虑,使青白江区长流河水资源可持续发展.     

Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

Various anaerobic processes have been explored for the energy-efficient treatment of municipal wastewater. However, dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent appears to be a barrier towards the energy and carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment. Although several dissolved methane recovery methods have been developed, their engineering feasibility and economic viability have not yet been assessed in a holistic manner. In this perspective, we thus intend to offer additional insights into the cost-benefit of dissolved methane recovery against its emission.     

Fiscal decentralization,government innovation preference,and haze pollution

Local governments are the dominant players in haze pollution control; furthermore, financial power reconstruction affects the effectiveness of haze control. Government innovation preference achieves win-win results for environmental protection and economic development by increasing innovation support. Therefore, a moderating variable for government innovation preference was added to the fiscal decentralization effect on haze pollution, and their interactive effect on haze pollution was studied. This study was conducted in 30 provincial regions. Thus, the severity of regional haze pollution differs because of temporal heterogeneity and asynchronous development. Furthermore, we analyzed the impact on haze pollution from the perspectives of the temporal and spatial differences in different regions of China. The results indicate that (1) fiscal decentralization increases haze pollution, while government innovation preferences control it. (2) In a local evaluation model with a diversified background, fiscal decentralization restrains haze pollution, and pollution source complexity reduces government innovation preference’s control pollution function. The interaction term revealed that government innovation preferences had a significant moderating effect. (3) Fiscal decentralization and government innovation preferences control the heterogeneity of haze pollution in different regions.

     

Impact of different pretreatments on the anaerobic digestion performance of cucumber vine

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Copious amounts of cucumber vine (CV) derived from crop growing and harvesting are casually discarded in the field, posing severely negative impacts...     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中苯胺的部分前处理问题

为了探究土壤中苯胺回收率测定偏低的难点,笔者针对《土壤和沉积物 苯胺类和联苯胺类的测定 液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法(征求意见稿)》中前处理阶段的问题,在优化部分前处理条件的基础上,研究土壤吸附、内标加入的时机以及还原剂(五水合硫代硫酸钠)和氨水对苯胺回收率的影响。结果表明:土壤吸附是导致苯胺加标回收率偏低的重要因素,与空白加标相比,含有一定量有机质的砂质壤土基体加标回收率减少了42.05%~60.89%。内标在不同阶段加入会对苯胺回收率产生显著影响,主要是由前处理过程中的基体吸附和挥发损失导致。加入还原剂和氨水对空白加标的苯胺回收率无显著影响,但对于含有一定量有机质的砂质壤土,加入氨水后苯胺加标回收率增加了59.57%,具有显著影响。     

Optimization of metal bio-acid leaching from mobile phone printed circuit boards using natural organic acids and H2O2

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - With increased popularity and technological innovation, more and more electric and electronic equipment wastes (e-wastes) are being generated....     

X射线衍射法在有机药物研究中的运用

目前随着新药开发、研制过程中对测试方法要求的不断增高,X射线衍射法因其能快速准确地判断药物晶体而被广泛应用于有机药物研究的各个领域.通过对X射线衍射法中装样方法、θ角度和狭缝的选择等参数研究,以获得该方法测定有机药物成分的最佳工作条件,使该法能为有机药物测定提供满意的图谱和更准确的测定结果.     

Degradation of carbon tetrachloride in thermally activated persulfate system in the presence of formic acid

The thermally activated persulfate (PS) degradation of carbon tetrachloride (CT) in the presence of formic acid (FA) was investigated. The results indicated that CT degradation followed a zero order kinetic model, and CO ₂ ^– · was responsible for the degradation of CT confirmed by radical scavenger tests. CT degradation rate increased with increasing PS or FA dosage, and the initial CT had no effect on CT degradation rate. However, the initial solution pH had effect on the degradation of CT, and the best CT degradation occurred at initial pH 6. Cl^– had a negative effect on CT degradation, and high concentration of Cl^– displayed much strong inhibition. Ten mmol·L^–1HCO ₃ ^– promoted CT degradation, while 100 mmol·L^–1NO ₃ ^– inhibited the degradation of CT, but SO ₄ ^2– promoted CT degradation in the presence of FA. The measured Cl–concentration released into solution along with CT degradation was 75.8% of the total theoretical dechlorination yield, but no chlorinated intermediates were detected. The split of C-Cl was proposed as the possible reaction pathways in CT degradation. In conclusion, this study strongly demonstrated that the thermally activated PS system in the presence of FA is a promising technique in in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) remediation for CT contaminated site.     

Enhanced degradation of trichloroethene by calcium peroxide activated with Fe(III) in the presence of citric acid

Trichloroethene (TCE) degradation by Fe(III)-activated calcium peroxide (CP) in the presence of citric acid (CA) in aqueous solution was investigated. The results demonstrated that the presence of CA enhanced TCE degradation significantly by increasing the concentration of soluble Fe(III) and promoting H₂O₂ generation. The generation of HO? and O₂^-? in both the CP/Fe(III) and CP/Fe(III)/CA systems was confirmed with chemical probes. The results of radical scavenging tests showed that TCE degradation was due predominantly to direct oxidation by HO?, while O₂^-? strengthened the generation of HO? by promoting Fe(III) transformation in the CP/Fe(III)/CA system. Acidic pH conditions were favorable for TCE degradation, and the TCE degradation rate decreased with increasing pH. The presence of Cl^-, HCO₃^-, and humic acid (HA) inhibited TCE degradation to different extents for the CP/Fe(III)/CA system. Analysis of Cl^- production suggested that TCE degradation in the CP/Fe(III)/CA system occurred through a dechlorination process. In summary, this study provided detailed information for the application of CA-enhanced Fe(III)-activated calcium peroxide for treating TCE contaminated groundwater.