环境与经济协调发展是乡镇工业腾飞的必由之路

介绍了原来工业落后的角直镇,近年来由于按照“统一规划、综合治理、集中控制、分步到位”的环境与经济协调发展路子,一跃成为全省发展乡镇工业的“示范工程”的成功经验。指出角直镇发展的道路,将是乡镇工业实现腾飞的一条必由之路。     

在役GIS内置特高频传感器校验方法研究

运行中的GIS内置传感器因其不易拆装,很难对其可靠性及有效性进行校验。根据GIS的结构特点以及特高频信号在GIS内的传输特点,提出一种对内置式特高频传感器的有效性进行校验的方法。通过在相邻传感器注入特高频信号并对信号幅值进行检测,通过检测及计算结果来判断特高频传感器的有效性,经现场验证,该方法简单有效。     

Minute theropod eggs and embryo from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand and the dinosaur-bird transition

We report on very small fossil eggs from the Lower Cretaceous of Thailand, one of them containing a theropod embryo, which display a remarkable mosaic of characters. While the surficial ornamentation is typical of non-avian saurischian dinosaurs, the three-layered prismatic structure of the eggshell is currently known only in extant and fossil eggs associated with birds. These eggs, about the size of a goldfinch's, mirror at the reproductive level the retention of small body size that was paramount in the transition from non-avian theropods to birds. The egg-layer may have been a small feathered theropod similar to those recently found in China.     

豆豉溶栓酶基因在毕赤酵母中的表达及其产物的纯化

将含有和不含前肽的豆豉溶栓酶编码序列在毕赤酵母中分别进行表达研究,发现在含有前肽的豆豉溶栓酶基因转化的毕赤酵母工程菌用甲醇诱导时,其培养液中可检测到较强的溶栓酶活性;而在不含前肽的豆豉溶栓酶基因转化的毕赤酵母菌用甲醇诱导时,培养液中未检测到溶栓酶活性.对毕赤酵母表达和分泌的豆豉溶栓酶进行了分离纯化,并对其纯化产物进行溶栓酶活性、SDS-PAGE电泳、抑制剂作用及免疫印迹分析.结果表明,分泌到培养液中的豆豉溶栓酶已经过剪切加工,其前肽已被切除,重组与天然的豆豉溶栓酶具有相同的溶栓酶活性,其所测定的各理化指标均一致.本研究实现了豆豉溶栓酶在毕赤酵母菌中成功表达,并首次直接证明了前肽对豆豉溶栓酶在毕赤酵母中分泌表达是必须的.图3表1参20     

长江上游宜宾至泸州江段突发水污染风险评估

为防控长江上游重大突发水污染事件的发生,收集整理长江宜宾至泸州江段沿江水环境污染源及受体基础资料,构建水环境潜在污染风险分级评价体系。采用地统计学理论和地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)相结合的方法开展突发水污染风险分区评价研究,以揭示研究区江段突发水污染风险空间分布差异性。结果表明,污染源或受体热点分布主要集中在城镇化、工业化较快的地区,如宜宾市叙州区污染源最多,泸州市龙马潭区高风险污染源最密集,宜宾县和南溪县高敏感受体数量最多;其他区域污染源或受体分布较为均衡,未形成明显的冷点区域。水环境潜在污染高风险区集中分布在龙马潭区江段和江阳区江段,须提高该区域对潜在污染的风险管理能力,以降低污染事故发生的可能性。     

生物反应器填埋场产甲烷规律的模拟研究

生物反应器填埋场是一种新型的垃圾卫生填埋场，可以加速填埋场的稳定及甲烷的产生。通过模拟试验探讨了生物反应器填埋场在不同操作条件下的产甲烷情况及COD、pH值的变化趋势。试验证明较高的回灌频率有助于垃圾降解、产甲烷速率的升高及渗滤液中COD浓度的降低；污泥接种起缓冲作用，使垃圾的降解及产气速率更趋向平稳；甲烷的产生与COD的降低是同步进行的，因此可以通过COD的变化趋势来判断产甲烷情况。研究建立了反映垃圾含水率影响填埋场产甲烷的数学模型，该模型具有简便、直观、准确等优点。     

Application of Bacillus subtilis strain for microbial-enhanced oil recovery

In order to improve the oil recovery, injection of exogenous bacteria into the oil reservoir is one of the most widely used microbial flooding methods. In this study, a screened strain of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) was introduced to perform the microbial flooding. The biosurfactants produced by B. subtilis was one kind of cyclic lipopeptides, which could reduce the surface tension of the culture solution from 68 mN/m to 25 mN/m and also decrease the interfacial tension of water/oil from 25.6 to 4.6 mN/m. Emulsification tests indicated that the strain and the biosurfactants could degrade and emulsify the crude oil. In the oil displacement experiments, oil recovery was increased by 32.4% by injecting fermentation broth into the simulated formation. By respectively performing the emulsification and oil displacement tests, it was demonstrated that the biosurfactants and degradation of the microbes in the heavy components of the crude oil are the main factors to enhance the oil recovery. Besides, the optimal cultural temperature for strain of B. subtilis was set as 40°C. Nevertheless, the strain was inappropriate for the oil displacement under acidic conditions. In addition, the hydrophilic sands and an optimal culture solution volume of 0.7 pore volume (PV) would be in favor of the oil recovery. It was further confirmed that the efficiency of microbial flooding was much higher than that of the chemical oil displacement.     

南水北调东线湖泊针杆藻属分布特征及其与环境因子的关系

针杆藻属(Synedra)是常见的淡水藻类,饮用水源中针杆藻属的暴发式增长会严重影响水厂正常运行.为明确南水北调东线调蓄湖泊针杆藻属的时空分布特征及其与环境因子的相关性,于2011年3月—2013年5月在东线四湖(即洪泽湖、骆马湖、南四湖和东平湖)逐月采样进行调查研究.结果表明,监测期内洪泽湖、骆马湖、南四湖和东平湖针杆藻属密度最大值分别为442.0×104、549.3×104、301.6×104和795.4×104 L-1,尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)是东线四湖针杆藻属的优势种.非度量多维尺度(non-metric multi-dimensional scaling,NMDS)分析表明,东线四湖针杆藻属的分布特征存在一定差异,东平湖和骆马湖针杆藻属分布特征更加相似.Pearson相关性分析(Pearson correlation analysis)表明,影响东线四湖针杆藻属生长的环境因子主要是表层水温、透明度、ρ(DO)和ρ(TN),其中表层水温是最主要的影响因素.      

羟胺抑制协同pH调控对人工快渗系统短程硝化的影响

针对人工快渗系统(CRI)总氮去除率低的问题,研究了羟胺抑制协同pH调控对人工快渗系统实现由全程硝化向短程硝化转化的可行性,探讨了其对系统内氮素污染物迁移转化和硝化功能菌空间分布及活性的影响.结果表明,0.5 mmol·L~(-1)羟胺连续添加13 d后可实现CRI系统短程硝化的快速启动,氨氮去除率、亚硝氮积累率分别为91.1%、77.9%,经16 d不添加羟胺运行后氨氮去除率、亚硝氮积累率分别降低3.9%、9.8%,此时调控进水pH至8.4,氨氮去除率和亚硝氮积累率均超过90%,CRI系统短程硝化效果显著且稳定性较高.羟胺对硝化菌具有选择性抑制,对AOB和NOB产生明显抑制的浓度分别为0.7、0.5 mmol·L~(-1),羟胺浓度为1.0 mmol·L~(-1)时AOB和NOB活性均被严重抑制且解抑较难;pH调控对短程硝化的影响主要与游离氨(FA)的抑制作用有关,对AOB和NOB产生明显抑制的FA浓度分别为26.5、5.6 mg·L~(-1),NOB比AOB对FA的敏感性更高.