进博会期间吴江地区污染特征分析

为分析2019年11月5-10日在上海召开中国国际进口博览会(简称"进博会")前后吴江地区的污染物变化特征与污染来源,该文采用吴江气象局的气象数据和环境监测数据对进博会前后污染物的变化趋势、气象条件影响和各种气团传输路径进行分析。结果表明,进博会期间,吴江地区实施的管控措施有效地降低了本地污染物的生成,PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度分别下降了31.0%和47.3%,最大程度排除本地污染对外来传输分析的干扰。气象条件分析显示,在风速<3 m/s时,南风容易导致SO₂传输,当风速>4 m/s,西风容易导致颗粒物和SO₂浓度升高。HYSPLIT4.9模型显示,来自江苏和安徽中部地区(高度500 m左右)的污染气团,出现频率虽较低,却是导致吴江地区污染物浓度短时上升的重要原因;激光雷达监测结果显示,会议期间吴江地区出现2次污染传输过程,与气象条件分析以及轨迹聚合分析结果相一致。研究结果排除了本地污染对传输分析的干扰,客观评价了外来传输的影响,对于加强长三角区域联防联控具有重要的指导意义。     

A novel state-of-charge-based method for plug-in hybrid vehicle electric distance analysis validated with actual driving data

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Promoting&nbsp;Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs) is viewed as a promising strategy to mitigate the energy consumption and greenhouse gas...     

Synergistic effects of Cu species and acidity of Cu-ZSM-5 on catalytic performance for selective catalytic oxidation of n-butylamine

In this work, a series of Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts with different SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratios(25, 50, 100 and₂00) were synthesized and investigated in n-butylamine catalytic degradation. The n-butylamine can be completely catalytic degradation at 350 °C over all Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts. Moreover, Cu-ZSM-5(25) exhibited the highest selectivity to N₂, exceeding 90% at 350 °C. These samples were investigated in detail by several characterizations to illuminate the ...     

Analytical methods and environmental processes of nanoplastics

The degradation of plastic debris may result in the generation of nanoplastics(NPs). Their high specific surface area for the sorption of organic pollutions and toxic heavy metals and possible transfer between organisms at different nutrient levels make the study of NPs an urgent priority. However, there is very limited understanding on the occurrence, distribution, abundant, and fate of NPs in the environment, partially due to the lack of suitable techniques for the separation and identificatio...     

Chemical characteristics of road dust PM2.5 fraction in oasis cities at the margin of Tarim Basin

In order to understand the compositions characteristics of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm(PM_2.5) fraction in road dust(RD_2.5) of oasis cities on the edge of Tarim Basin,30 road dust(RD) samples were collected in Kashi,Cele,and Yutian in the spring,2018,and RD_2.5 was collected using the resuspension approach.Eight watersoluble ions,39 trace elements and 8 fractions of carbon-containing species in PM_2.5 were analyzed.Ca     

纳米零价铁的制备技术及其应用研究进展

纳米零价铁(nZVI)因具有还原性强、粒径小、比表面积大等特性,对重金属及含卤有机污染物等具有良好的吸附特性和反应活性,在环境修复方面表现出较好的应用前景。但nZVI易氧化、团聚和机械强度低等不利因素限制了其大规模应用。系统比较了机械法、气体冷凝法及还原法制备nZVI技术的特点,重点总结表面改性、金属改性、载体负载和基质封装等手段制备改性nZVI的研究进展,及其在水体及土壤环境修复方面的应用。     

某柴油污染场地NAPL运移规律研究

该文根据某柴油污染场地调查和污染物检测结果,利用GMS中MODFLOW和SEAM3D模块建立研究区地下水流模型和典型非水相液体(NAPL)苯、甲苯及乙苯的运移模型研究了NAPL的运移规律,模型中考虑了对流-弥散、溶解、吸附和微生物降解等过程。研究结果显示,NAPL污染羽在100 d内运移较快,呈中心向四周均匀扩散趋势,随后逐渐沿地下水流向扩散,甲苯的污染羽面积大于苯和乙苯。敏感性分析表明,组分质量分数、溶解速率和Fe(Ⅲ)初始浓度是影响NAPL运移的关键因素。组分质量分数越大,其在地下水中的平衡浓度越高;溶解速率主要影响NAPL到达平衡的时间,溶解速率越大,到达平衡的时间越短;Fe(Ⅲ)初始浓度主要影响甲苯的微生物降解过程,Fe(Ⅲ)初始浓度越高,微生物降解作用越强,但对于苯和乙苯,微生物降解几乎不受Fe(Ⅲ)初始浓度的影响。该研究可为场地污染范围的确定、风险管控和修复提供科学依据。