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31.
Hitoki Matsuda Hiroki Kageyama Yuuki Kawaguchi Shohichi Osada Mitsuhiro Kubota 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2014,16(4):677-683
Dynamic studies on the volatilization of lead from CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 molten slags were conducted in a lab-scale melting furnace from 1623 to 1773 K under different mixed gas atmospheres of CO 0.05–0.3 atm to CO2 0–0.3 atm to N2 (balance), HCl 1.7 × 10?3–6.7 × 10?3 atm to N2 (balance), and H2S 3.0 × 10?4 to 1.7 × 10?3 atm to N2 (balance). The slag samples consisted of the mixed powders of 20–50 wt% CaO, 30–60 wt% SiO2, and 10–40 wt% Al2O3, containing 2000 ppm PbO.Results showed that the rates of volatilization of lead from the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 molten slags under the N2–CO–CO2, N2–HCl, and N2–H2S gas atmospheres were higher than those under the simulated air (N2–O2), which increased with CO, HCl, and H2S partial pressures. At \(p_{{HCl}}\) = \(p_{H_{2}S}\) = 1.7 × 10?3 atm, the apparent rate constants for the volatilization of lead under the N2–H2S and N2–HCl gas atmospheres were nearly equal, which increased with a rise in temperature. Results also showed that the rate of volatilization of lead from the molten slag decreased drastically with the increasing viscosity of the molten slag, in the viscosity range lower than 3 Pa s. Consequently, the volatilization of lead from the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 molten slag was significantly influenced by CO, HCl, and H2S partial pressures and by the viscosity of the molten slag. 相似文献
32.
Decolorization and estrogenic activity of colored livestock wastewater after electrolysis treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hotaka Kai Yasuhiro Ishibashi Taiki Mori Hiroshi Ishibashi Isao Kawaguchi Hiroki Ohwaki Takehiro Takemasa Koji Arizono 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2010,12(2):128-135
Livestock wastewater is treated by activated sludge treatment. Untreated livestock wastewater has high estrogen activity because
animal excreta contains estrogen. When activated sludge treatment is applied, the estrogen activity declines or is lost. However,
the color of treated livestock wastewater is deep brownish-red because of the decomposition of organic compounds or the synthesis
of metabolites. Discharging colored wastewater to the environment could cause some problems, so it is necessary to decolorize
colored wastewater before it is discharged. It has been suggested that electrolysis decolorization technology is suitable
for treating colored wastewater; however, the process produces volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In fact, little research
has been conducted with reference to estrogen activity in wastewater that has undergone electrolysis, especially on the contribution
of the electrolysis decolorization process to estrogen activity, i.e., the possibility of resynthesis of some substance with
estrogen activity due to resolved and metabolized colored components. In this study, the concentration of VOC was measured
for various electrolysis conditions, and estrogen activity was examined using a yeast two-hybrid assay. From the results,
decolorization of colored livestock wastewater by electrolysis was possible, and the VOC generation during electrolysis could
be controlled depending on the electrolysis conditions. Estrogen activity in colored livestock wastewater disappeared on electrolysis
decolorization. 相似文献
33.
34.
Masahiko Yoshino Hiroki Osawa Akinori Yamanaka 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2012,14(4):478-486
In this paper, three kinds of self-organization processes for metal nano-dot array fabrication are compared; one is the conventional thermal dewetting, another is thermal dewetting of a grid patterned deposited metal layer, the other is thermal dewetting of a metal layer deposited on a patterned substrate. In these processes, nano plastic forming technique is utilized for patterning of groove grid. Effects of process conditions on nano-dot formation, such as substrate material, deposited metal, thickness of deposited layer, annealing condition, are experimentally studied. Also, effect of grid patterning on improvement of nano-dot array formation is studied. It is shown that grid patterning on a deposited metal layer is effective to improve alignment and configuration of nano-dot array. 相似文献
35.
Ultraweak photon emission from herbivory-injured maize plants 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Following perception of herbivory or infection, plants exhibit a wide range of inducible responses. In this study, we found
ultraweak photon emissions from maize leaves damaged by Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae). Interestingly, mechanically damaged maize leaves treated with caterpillar regurgitants emitted the same intensity
and pattern of photon emissions as those from maize leaves damaged by caterpillars. Furthermore, two-dimensional imaging of
the leaf section treated with the oral secretions clearly shows that photon emissions were observed specifically at the lip
of the wound exposed to the secretions. These results suggest that the direct interaction between maize leaf cells and chemicals
contained in caterpillar regurgitants triggers these photon emissions. 相似文献
36.
In order to develop an effective recycling system for obsolete Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), which would enable both the leaching of indium (In) and the recovery of a pure glass fraction for recycling, an effective liberation or size-reduction method would be an important pre-treatment step. Therefore, in this study, two different types of liberation methods: (1) conventional grinding, and (2) electrical disintegration have been tested and evaluated in the context of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In other words, the above-mentioned methods were compared in order to find out the one that ensures the highest leaching capacity for indium, as well as the lowest environmental burden. One of the main findings of this study was that the electrical disintegration was the most effective liberation method, since it fully liberated the indium containing-layer, ensuring a leaching capacity of 968.5mg-In/kg-LCD. In turn, the estimate for the environmental burden was approximately five times smaller when compared with the conventional grinding. 相似文献
37.
Eiji?FujimoriEmail author Kazuaki?Minamoto Seiko?Iwata Koichi?Chiba Hiroki?Haraguchi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2004,6(1):73-79
The elemental composition of the industrial waste incineration bottom ash (IWIBA) samples collected from three different types of incinerator with different kinds of wastes were compared. The major-to-ultratrace elements in the IWIBA samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). As a result, ca. 40 elements in the concentration range from milligrams per gram to submicrograms per gram could be determined with relative standard deviations of less than 5%. The IWIBA sample from petrochemical wastes contained lower concentrations of the elements, because fewer mineral constituents were contained in the input waste materials. On the contrary, the elemental concentrations in the IWIBA sample from industrial solid wastes provided the highest values for most elements, while the elemental compositions of the IWIBA sample from food wastes were similar to those of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash. In addition, it was found from the analytical results that the levels of various heavy metals such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, As, Zr, Mo, Sb, Ba, and Pb were higher in the IWIBA samples than in municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash. The enrichment factors of the elements in the IWIBA samples were estimated from the analytical results to compare the elemental distributions in incineration bottom ashes in relation to their mining influence factors, which are the indices for human use of the elements. 相似文献