电吸附技术的新进展

阐述了电吸附技术的原理及特点,介绍了双电层模型的发展,综述了活性炭电极、活性碳纤维电极、碳气凝胶电极、碳纳米管电极及复合电极的制备工艺以及电吸附技术在咸水淡化和去除水中污染物方面的最新应用,并对以后的研究方向提出了建议。     

An evaluation on the environmental consequences of residual CFCs from obsolete household refrigerators in China

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) contained in household refrigerators consist mainly of CFC-11 and CFC-12, which will be eventually released into the environment. Consequentially, environmental releases of these refrigerants will lead to ozone depletion and contribute significantly to the greenhouse effect, if waste refrigerators are not disposed of properly. In the present paper, the potential release of residual CFCs and their substitutes from obsolete household refrigerators in China is examined, and their contributions to ozone depletion and greenhouse effect are compared with those of other recognized ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and greenhouse gases (GHGs). The results imply that annual potential amounts of released residual CFC-11 and CFC-12 will reach their maximums at 4600 and 2300 tons, respectively in 2011, and then decrease gradually to zero until 2020. Meanwhile, the amounts of their most widely used substitutes HCFC-141b and HFC-134a will keep increasing. Subsequently, the contribution ratio of these CFCs and their substitutes to ozone depletion will remain at 25% through 2011, and reach its peak value of 34% by 2018. The contribution to greenhouse effect will reach its peak value of 0.57% by 2010. Moreover, the contribution ratio of these CFCs to the total global release of CFCs will steadily increase, reaching its peak of 15% by 2018. Thus, this period from 2010 to 2018 is a crucial time during which residual CFCs and their substitutes from obsolete household refrigerators in China will contribute significantly to ozone depletion.     

热处理对脱水污泥溶解特性及厌氧消化性能的影响

分别对脱水污泥在100、130和170℃条件下进行热处理,研究热处理对脱水污泥溶解特性的影响。此外,在半连续式完全混合反应器中进行厌氧消化实验研究不同热处理污泥的厌氧消化性能。实验结果表明,在100、130和170℃条件下,污泥COD溶解率由处理前的5.23%分别提高至20.08%、22.50%和27.20%,脱水污泥热处理规律和效果与高含水率污泥(总固体含量<5%)基本一致。经130℃2 h和170℃30 min高温热处理后污泥甲烷产率显著提高,较原泥分别提高24.64%和38.61%,沼气中甲烷含量稍有降低。     

小型燃油锅炉NOx的排放特征与管理控制

以68台燃油锅炉（≤10.5 MW）NO_x排放实测数据为基础,通过统计分析方法,研究了NO_x的排放特征;通过对比分析,探讨了我国燃油锅炉NO_x排放控制与管理现状,讨论了进一步加强我国燃油锅炉NO_x排放管理控制的可能性与可行性,并提出了相应的管理控制建议。结果表明,NO_x平均排放浓度为318.2 mg/m³,     

新型类Fenton催化剂用于酸性红B染料废水处理的研究

为了解决Fenton试剂反应前后需要调节pH值、催化剂不能重复利用的问题,本实验以酸性红B溶液作为模拟染料废水,探索以硫铁矿烧渣作为非均相催化剂进行类Fenton反应的催化活性,研究了H2O2投加量、催化剂投加量、pH值、反应时间对酸性红B去除效果的影响。在双氧水(H2O2质量分数为30%)投加量为30 mL/L、催化剂投加量为30 g/L、pH值在1~11范围内,反应4 h,浓度为200 mg/L的酸性红B去除率均达到95%以上,且反应后pH值在中性范围。实验结果表明,该非均相类Fenton反应体系对pH的适用范围广,且催化剂易于沉淀分离,反应数次后依然保持较高催化活性,能重复利用。     

电子箔厂生产废水综合利用技术

本文主要探讨电子箔厂废水中Al^3＋回收及冲洗废水的回用。     

气力管道输送在垃圾收运领域的应用研究

气力管道输送应用于垃圾收运在国内尚处于起步阶段,开发该项技术目前还存在一定的技术困难,但若该技术能在环境领域成功应用,它将完全改变传统的垃圾收运模式,大大提高垃圾收集的效率,减小垃圾收运过程中对环境造成的影响。本文主要对该技术的优势及在国内应用的技术困难进行探讨,并在此基础上提出了解决方法。     

CF2ClBr在短紫外光照射下光解离过程的研究

以低压汞为激发光源,气相色谱和红外光谱为主要分析手段,研究了气态ＣＦ２ＣｌＢｒ在１８５ｎｍ紫外光照射下的光解离过程及其人在Ｏ２存在下的光氧化机理,发现ＣＦ２ＣｌＢｒ在１８５ｎｍ紫外光照射下的主要产物ＣＦ２Ｂｒ２ＣＦ２Ｃｌ２和Ｃｌ２,Ｂｒ２,而当Ｏ２存在时,主要光解产物为ＣＦ２Ｏ,在本实验条件下,纯ＣＦ２ＣｌＢｒ极限分解率约为２６％,在ＣＦ２ＣｌＢｒ－Ｏ２体系中,ＣＦ２ＣｌＢｒ的解离为一级反应,速率     

松花江哨口至松花江村段浮游植物光合作用产氧模型研究

为研究松花江哨口至松花江村江段的水环境容量,本文从浮游植物光合作用机理出发,利用连续３年多项指标实测资料,采用外包线法,初步确定一种浮游植物光合作用产氧率计算关系式。将这种方法应用于研究江段效果较好,经相关性检验,r＝0.90,r＞r_0.01,相关性极显著。该计算式能否用于哨口至松花江村以外的江段,尚需进一步验证。     

Physicochemical and nutritional features of Gleditsia japonica shell biochar under different pyrolysis conditions

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study aimed to investigate the effects of pyrolysis temperature (200–700&nbsp;°C) and duration (2&nbsp;h, 4&nbsp;h) on...