烟道内喷雾干燥法脱硫的实验研究

通过对影响脱硫效率的几个因素:烟气出塔温度、化学计量比、烟气中SO2的起始浓度、烟气在烟道中的流速以及烟气中水蒸气含量和氧气含量的实验研究,得出了适宜于提高脱硫效率的反应条件,这些工作给该法在工程实际应用中提供了参考依据.     

细菌浸出电解锰废渣中锰的机制研究

从电解锰废渣中分离出一株高效浸锰菌,经鉴定为沙雷氏菌(Serratia sp.).考察了电解锰废渣培养液、MnO2培养液在有菌和无菌条件下的锰浸出情况,以及有菌液和无菌液在加入不同还原剂后的锰浸出情况.结果表明,在初始pH为6.0、固液质量比为1:10、温度为37 ℃的浸出条件下,在电解锰废渣培养液中,无菌条件下的锰浸出率远小于有菌条件下的,反应72 h后,无菌、有菌条件下的锰浸出率分别为8.030 00%、78.670 00%;无论在有菌还是无菌条件下,MnO2培养液中的锰浸出率都较低,反应72 h后,无菌、有菌条件下的锰浸出率分别为0.000 39%、0.041 00%;有菌液加入ZnS、FeS、FeSO4、Fe2(SO4)3、CuS还原剂后,反应72 h的锰浸出率分别为73.340 00%、70.980 00%、69.680 00%、10.260 00%、1.670 00%;无菌液中加入4种还原剂(不包括CuS)后的锰浸出率都相当低, 反应72 h后,锰浸出率相对较高的是FeS和ZnS,均为0.006 20%,锰浸出率相对最低的是Fe2(SO4)3,为0.005 00%;沙雷氏菌对电解锰废渣中锰的浸出既不是直接氧化浸出作用,也可能不是间接产酸浸出作用,而可能是一种催化还原作用.     

Orbal氧化沟的应用及发展趋势

Orbal氧化沟自1970年开发至今已有广泛应用,在实际工程应用中取得了很好的处理效果,但也存在着同时硝化反硝化不够稳定、脱氮除磷困难、运行能耗偏高等问题。通过采用增加内回流、推流与曝气转碟相结合和微孔曝气与推流相结合的运行方式使这些问题得到了解决,同时Orbal氧化沟工艺也朝着高效低耗的方向发展。     

铜绿假单胞菌对白腐菌产木质纤维素降解酶的影响

采用固态发酵的方法,考察了两株不同型号的铜绿假单胞菌（AB93066和ATCC9027）对白腐菌（黄孢原毛平革菌）产木质纤维素降解酶（木素过氧化物酶LiP、锰过氧化物酶MnP和羧甲基纤维素酶CMCase）的影响,并对酶提取液的pH值、表面张力及稻草降解残渣中挥发性有机质含量的变化进行了分析.结果表明,添加5.72%的A...     

Exploring spatial change and gravity center movement for ecosystem services value using a spatially explicit ecosystem services value index and gravity model

Spatially explicit ecosystem services valuation and change is a newly developing area of research in the field of ecology. Using the Beijing region as a study area, the authors have developed a spatially explicit ecosystem services value index and implemented this to quantify and spatially differentiate ecosystem services value at 1-km grid resolution. A gravity model was developed to trace spatial change in the total ecosystem services value of the Beijing study area from a holistic point of view. Study results show that the total value of ecosystem services for the study area decreased by 19.75% during the period 1996?C2006 (3,226.2739 US$ × 10⁶ in 1996, 2,589.0321 US$ × 10⁶ in 2006). However, 27.63% of the total area of the Beijing study area increased in ecosystem services value. Spatial differences in ecosystem services values for both 1996 and 2006 are very clear. The center of gravity of total ecosystem services value for the study area moved 32.28 km northwestward over the 10 years due to intensive human intervention taking place in southeast Beijing. The authors suggest that policy-makers should pay greater attention to ecological protection under conditions of rapid socio-economic development and increase the area of green belt in the southeastern part of Beijing.     

Effects of operational factors on soluble microbial products in a carrier anaerobic ba ed reactor treating dilute wastewater

The effects of feed strength, hydraulic residence time （HRT）, and operational temperatures on soluble microbial product （SMP） production were investigated, to gain insights into the production mechanism. A carrier anaerobic baffled reactor （CABR） treating dilute wastewater was operated under a wide range of operational conditions, namely, feed strengths of 300-600 mg/L, HRTs of 9- 18 h, and temperatures of 10-28℃. Generally, SMP production increased with increasing feed strength and decreasing temperature. At high temperature （28℃）, SMP production increased with decreasing HRT. As the temperature was decreased to 18 and 10℃, the SMP production was at its peak for 12 h HRT. Therefore, temperature could be an important determinant of SMP production along with HRT. A higher SMP to soluble chemical oxygen demand （SCOD） ratio was found at high temperature and long HRT because of complete volatile fatty acid degradation. SMP accounted for 50%-75% of the SCOD in the last chamber of the CABR. As a secondary metabolite, some SMP could be consumed at lower feed strength.     

从铜氨废液中回收铜

分别采用化学沉淀法和电解法从电镀污泥水热合成铁氧体后过滤分离的铜氨废液中回收铜。实验结果表明：采用化学沉淀法处理铜氨废液,以体积比为1：1的盐酸调节铜氨废液pH为5．4～6．4,沉淀出碱式氯化铜固体,铜回收率在98％以上,1L铜氨废液可回收碱式氯化铜5．83g（合铜3．50g）;采用电解法处理铜氨废液,在电流密度250A／m^2、电解时间5h、电解温度60℃的条件下,1L铜氨废液可回收3．54g铜粉,铜回收率超过99％,铜粉的粒径和纯度均可达到GB5246-85《电解铜粉》的要求。     

青藏高原典型区域资源环境与社会经济耦合分析

资源环境与社会经济之间的协调关系对区域可持续发展具有重要意义.本研究以青藏高原典型区域玉树藏族自治州为研究对象,综合运用数量耦合方法（耦合协调度模型）和速度耦合方法（Tapio脱钩模型）讨论区域资源环境和社会经济体系相互关系在时间序列上的变化,分析二者之间的耦合协调关系及演变过程.结果显示：①受耕地面积变化、林业和草原有害生物防治强度变化的影响,研究区2016年处于重度失调型,典型研究区域在其余年份均处于中度或轻度失调型,区域资源环境和社会经济发展协同效应不高.②总体而言,研究区的社会经济与资源环境水平、资源环境压力和资源环境体系3项指标之间均呈强脱钩状态,区域资源环境和社会经济体系处于良性发展状态.综上,近年来青藏高原典型区域的社会经济发展水平不断升高,资源环境体系发展水平有待提高.