Simulation of urban expansion patterns by integrating auto-logistic regression,Markov chain and cellular automata models

This research analyses urban expansion patterns and their eco-risks in the Poyang Lake region in China. A hybrid model consisting of auto-logistic regression, Markov chain and cellular automata (CA) is designed to improve the performance of the standard logistic regression model. An eco-risk assessment (ERA) index by integrating landscape fragmentation index and area weighted eco-service value index is established to promote the effectiveness for dynamically evaluating the environment and eco-security in watersheds. Scenario predictions are introduced to better understand the relationship between urban dynamics and their eco-risks. Three urban development scenarios such as historical development trend (HDT), environment protection priority (EPP) and goal-oriented restriction (GOR) are designed and transplanted into the CA model through the parameter self-modification method. The quantitative analysis results showed that in the period of the past five years, the urban growth primarily concentrated in the metropolitans. The simulations show that under the HDT scenario the urban growth will mainly emerge in the metropolitans, while under the EPP and GOR scenarios the urban growth will expand along with the metropolitans or the road networks and highways, respectively. Moreover, the ERA demonstrated that the GOR scenario was more effective in meeting the goal of environment protection and urban sustainable development for the study area.     

Production characteristics of N2O during stabilization of municipal solid waste in an intermittent aerated semi-aerobic bioreactor landfill

An intermittent aerated semi-aerobic bioreactor landfill has the advantages such as accelerating stabilization of municipal solid waste (MSW), reducing methane, and in situ nitrogen removal. However, the introduction of air into a nutrient rich environment induces nitrification and denitrification processes, as well as the potential to generate N species at intermediate oxidation states, including nitrous oxide (N₂O). In this study, a simulated intermittent aerated semi-aerobic bioreactor landfill was designed and operated for 262 d in order to establish the production characteristics of N₂O. The N₂O concentration changed significantly with the degree of MSW stabilization, a low concentration level ranged from undetectable to 100 ppm in the initial stabilization period, then one or two orders of magnitude higher in the later stabilization period compared with the initial period. It is clear that N₂O production is relevant to the biodegradable organics in leachate and refuse. Once the biodegradable carbon sources were insufficient, which limited the activity of denitrifying organisms, higher N₂O production began.     

Regeneration performance of spent granular activated carbon for tertiary treatment of dyeing wastewater by Fenton reagent and hydrogen peroxide

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The efficacy of Fenton reagent and hydrogen peroxide for the regeneration of saturated granular activated carbon with biological effluent of dyeing...     

合肥市冬季颗粒物污染传输通道分析及通量研究

综合前后向轨迹聚类分析、激光雷达探测传输量及典型案例,系统分析2018—2020年冬季合肥市主要传输型重污染过程,揭示合肥大气污染输送通道的主要特征和污染期间PM_2.5的传输通量。结果表明：合肥市冬季污染主要输入通道分别为京津冀-山东西部-安徽北部-合肥(35%)、山东南部-安徽北部-南京-合肥(26%)、内蒙古-河北-山东-江苏中部-合肥(24%)、内蒙古-山西-河北南部-河南-安徽北部-合肥(15%);主要输出通道为合肥-六安或安庆-湖北-江西(54%)、合肥-安徽北部-江苏北部(18%)、合肥-河南南部-陕西(17%)、合肥-上海或浙江-海上(11%)。对激光雷达监测结果采用像素检测法分析,结果表明2018—2020年污染传输过程的平均传输通量分别可达20.3、33.7、19.5 t/h,年际差异较大。外源传输通量较高时的主导风向为偏北风,并且风速为3.1 m/s左右。合肥市处于安徽省自北向南污染传输通道的中游区域,受上游城市传输影响显著,典型污染传输型的平均传输通量可比上游城市(淮北市)低57.6%,比下游城市(池州市)高25.5%,且污染过程中常伴随PM...     

合肥市PM1.0污染特征及与PM2.5污染相关性

对合肥市2014—2019年秋冬季节PM_(1.0)、PM_(2.5)、气象和理化性质等进行分析研究发现,PM_(1.0)质量浓度呈现年度波动性下降趋势,其中2015—2016年度变化最为显著。同一年度内,月度浓度同样呈现波动性变化,总体表现为11、2月PM_(1.0)质量浓度相对较低,12、1月相对较高。无污染情形时(PM_(2.5)浓度不高于75μg/m~3),PM_(1.0)/PM_(2.5)逐小时值相对平稳且比有污染情形(PM_(2.5)浓度大于75μg/m~3)总体高约10%;有污染情形下,PM_(1.0)/PM_(2.5)小时值呈现较明显的日变化特征,09∶00呈现谷值,17∶00呈现峰值,日变化特征显著高于无污染情形。PM_(1.0)质量浓度随着PM_(2.5)级别的上升而逐渐增加,PM_(1.0)/PM_(2.5)值则呈减小的污染特征。严重污染时,PM_(1.0)/PM_(2.5)显著下降,PM_(1.0～2.5)占比增加。传输型污染过程中,PM_(1.0)与OC、PM_(2.5)、SO_4~(2-)等呈现出显著的正相关性,污染来源主要为工业源、燃煤源、道路尘等,共占载荷为83.90%。本地累积型污染过程中,PM_(1.0)与PM_(2.5)、SO_4~(2-)、Ba和Cu等呈现出较好相关性,污染来源主要为烟花爆竹与二次生成,共占载荷为87.94%。     

基于元胞遗传算法的多目标应急资源配置

为解决不同灾情下多目标多周期灾后救援问题,减少受灾损失,对灾后应急资源配置进行研究。从物流成本和系统损失2个方面最小化救灾行动的成本和最大化有限救灾资源的分配,建立基于路况的多目标应急资源配置模型,将帕累托前沿和超体积作为元胞遗传算法的求解性能指标,开展元胞遗传算法与遗传算法对模型的求解对比实验。结果表明:元胞遗传算法能较好地求解多目标多周期应急资源配置模型,且求解性能比遗传算法更好;通过对模型的求解,可为决策者基于不同灾情下的应急决策提供参考。     

基于宏基因组学的亚硝酸盐氧化菌属的新陈代谢功能分析

为探究亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的菌群结构及其新陈代谢功能特性,在富集NOB菌属的基础上,基于宏基因组学技术探究了富集活性污泥系统内NOB微生物种群结构、相互作用关系、氮转化相关功能基因及蛋白质功能特性.结果表明,Nitrobacter为富集后活性污泥系统中最优势菌属,相对丰度为37.8％.微生物菌种之间表现出各种错综复...     

植被恢复方式对红壤丘陵区弃土场植被生长指标与土壤理化性质的影响

以江西高速公路某弃土场为例,探讨红壤丘陵区弃土场植被恢复的关键技术,在了解弃土场气候特点及地质情况的基础上,通过测土配方,采用草灌混播方式,设置3种植被配置方案,包括植被配置1(狗牙根+百喜草+紫花苜蓿+白三叶+伞房决明+紫穗槐)、植被配置2(紫花苜蓿+白三叶+狗牙根+马棘+美丽胡枝子)、常规喷播(狗牙根+紫花苜蓿+马...     

Hygroscopic properties of sodium and potassium salts as related to saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols

Mineral dust, soil, and sea salt aerosols are among the most abundant primary inorganic aerosols in the atmosphere, and their hygroscopicity affects the hydrological cycle and global climate. We investigated the hygroscopic behaviors of six Na- and K-containing salts commonly found in those primary organic aerosols. Their hygroscopic growths as a function of relative humidity (RH) agree well with thermodynamic model prediction. Temperature dependence of deliquescence RH (DRH) values for five of those salts was also investigated, which are comparable to those in literature within 1%–2% RH, most showing negative dependence on temperature. Hygroscopic growth curves of real-world soil and sea salt samples were also measured. The hygroscopic growths of two more-hydroscopic saline soil samples and of sea salt can be predicted by the thermodynamic model based on the measured water-soluble ionic composition. The substantial amounts of water-soluble ions, including Na⁺ and K⁺, in saline soil samples imply that even nascent saline soil samples are quite hygroscopic at high-RH (>80%) conditions. For three less-hygroscopic dust samples, however, measurements showed higher water uptake ability than that predicted by the thermodynamic model. The small amount of water taken up by less-hygroscopic dust samples suggests that dust particles might contain thin layers of water even to very low RH. The results of this study provide a comprehensive characterization of the hygroscopicity of Na- and K-containing salts as related to their roles in the hygroscopic behaviors of saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols.