Molecular hologram derived quantitative structure-property relationships to predict physico-chemical properties of polychlorinated biphenyls

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners with various degrees of chlorination and substitution patterns are among the most widespread and persistent man-made organic pollutants. They are toxic, lipophilic and tend to be bioaccumulated. The knowledge of the physico-chemical properties is very useful to explain the environmental behavior of PCBs and to perform an exposure assessment. In this paper, we have used a new molecular representation, the molecular hologram, to generate quantitative structure-property relationship models to predict the physico-chemical properties of biphenyl and all of its chlorinated congeners. The investigated properties include 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (logK(ow)), aqueous solubility (-logS(w)), aqueous activity coefficient (-logY(w)), Total molecular surface area, Henry's law constant (logH). The results show that this new quantitative structure-activity relationship approach presents highly predictive models for important physico-chemical properties of PCBs.     

西湖引水治理后的底栖动物群落

１９９５年１月－１９９６年１２月对西湖底栖大型无脊椎动物群落进行了连续监测与研究,共发现大型底栖无脊椎动物２６种,其中寡毛类６种,多毛类１种,水生昆虫９种,蛭类,线虫和无节蠕虫各１种。     

Hiking Trails and Tourism Impact Assessment In Protected Area: Jiuzhaigou Biosphere Reserve,China

More and more visitors are attracted to protected areas nowadays, which not only bring about economic increase but also seriously adverse impacts on the ecological environment. In protected areas, trails are linkage between visitors and natural ecosystem, so they concentrate most of the adverse impacts caused by visitors. The trampling problems on the trails have been received attentions in the tremendous researches. However, few of them have correlated the environmental impacts to trail spatial patterns. In this project, the trails were selected as assessment objective, the trampling problems trail widening, multiple trail, and root exposure were taken as assessment indicators to assess ecological impacts in the case study area Jiuzhaigou Biosphere Reserve, and two spatial index, connectivity and circularity, were taken to indicate the trail network spatial patterns. The research results showed that the appearing frequency of the trampling problems had inverse correlation with the circularity and connectivity of the trail network, while the problem extent had no correlation with the spatial pattern. Comparing with the pristine trails, the artificial maintenance for the trails such as wooden trails and flagstone trails could prohibit vegetation root from exposure effectively. The research finds will be useful for the future trail design and tourism management.     

城市污水厂水质相关性及分布状态的研究和应用

采用统计学及质量控制的一些基本理论及方法对污水处理厂的运行数据进行分析,得出城市污水处理厂BOD5、COD、SS、TN、TP等主要出水指标呈正态分布的规律;城市污水BOD5、COD、TN、TP等指标间存在显著线性相关性的结论.研究结论可用于污水处理厂制定经济合理的出水监测方案以及对污水处理厂运行可靠性等进行评估.     

海南省洋浦经济开发与海岸环境资源保护研究

本文在分析研究洋浦经济开发区海岸带具有独特的优良环境与资源条件的基础上,指出开发区的规划项目将造成的海岸环境资源问题,并提出了海岸环境资源利用与保护的对策和措施。     

负载型TiO2/活性炭的制备及光催化降解罗丹明B研究

通过溶胶-凝胶方法以活性炭(AC)为载体,制备负载型TiO2/AC,利用SEM、BET、XRD、Ranme、XPS对TiO2/AC的组成、结构、尺寸等特征进行分析和表征,并用紫外灯为光源,通过TiO2/AC、TiO2粉末和活性炭与TiO2粉末的混合物对可溶性罗丹明B的光催化降解效果的比较,探讨了TiO2/AC的光催化性能.结果表明,负载体中的TiO2是由30～60nm的球形颗粒组成,含有Ti,O,C等3种元素,颗粒间不发生团聚,其中一些C元素是由活性炭载体扩散到TiO2颗粒中的.由于活性炭载体与TiO2的协同作用以及高浓度Ti3+的影响,负载型TiO2/AC的光催化活性大.当TiO2/AC在250℃空气中热处理2h,再在氮气保护下500℃热处理2 h,TiO2的质量分数为(18±0.3)%时,负载型TiO2/AC对罗丹明B的光催化降解的表观反应常数k最大,为0.0077 min-1.     

长芒刺电除尘器收尘性能及离子风效应研究

通过长芒刺电除尘器与普通线板式电除尘器的收尘性能比较,认为长芒刺电晕极所产生的较强离子风是导致长芒刺电除尘器除尘效率提高的主要原因。在建立芒刺尖到接地极板间的电场分布模型基础上,提出了悬挂小球法测定离子风的试验方法。通过采用滑石粉、石膏和塑料3种材料的小球对离子风的测定,结果表明,在芒刺尖到收尘极板中部场强为2～4kV/cm范围内,离子风速约为2～6m/s。     

基于环境库兹涅茨曲线的江苏省经济增长的环境效应研究

对江苏省1991-2004年经济增长与环境质量关系的分析表明,江苏省的环境库兹涅茨曲线不同于一般的倒U型形状而呈现出N型,环境质量有经过改善后再次恶化的倾向.江苏省经济增长的环境效应分解为各种环境污染物的经济规模效应、结构效应和技术效应,表现为三方面特征:(1)总体上多数产业的单位产值污染排放水平有一定下降;(2)产业的污染特性基本未发生明显改变,说明江苏省的工业结构没有发生剧烈变化;(3)江苏省的环境库兹涅茨曲线处于上升段,说明经济增长对环境的规模效应要大于经济增长的技术效应和结构效应.     

黄青线高、低凝点原油混输时出站油温的确定

黄青线输送的油品种类较多,既有高凝油也有低凝油,温度控制不当会出现"凝管"等事故,出站油温是保证管线安全运行的重要参数,文章结合黄青线油品输送进行了计算分析.     

危险废物管理和治理技术现状与探讨

通过对国内外危险废物管理现状及污染治理技术水平的对比分析，探讨了目前国内存在的问题及适合我国实际的危险废物治理技术发展趋势，并提出我国危险废物控制战略。