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991.
The discharge of organic waste from the petrochemical industry into the Mercier lagoons caused major groundwater contamination. The objective of this study was to determine the immunotoxic potential of three groundwater wells at increasing distance from the incinerator dumping site (1.17, 2.74 and 5.40 km). Rainbow Trout were exposed to increasing concentrations of water from three groundwater wells for 14 days. Immunocompetence was characterized by phagocytosis, mitogen-stimulated proliferation of lymphocytes, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis. A significant increase in innate (phagocytosis) and specific immune response (B lymphocyte proliferation) was observed in trout exposed to water collected from the well at 2.74 km. However, phagocytosis activity was suppressed in groups at 1.17 and 5.40 km. The proportion of lymphocytes in S phase was significantly increased in groups at 2.74 and 5.40 kin, while lymphocytes in G0/G1 phase were decreased in all three exposure groups. Additionally, dexamethasone (DEX)-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes was significantly reduced in the group at 2.74 km, which suggests decreased lymphocyte turnover. Furthermore, the ratio of DEX- induced apoptosis/apoptosis was lower in the groups at 2.74 and 5.40 km. In summary, our experiments have shown that exposure to the mixture of organic compounds present in Mercier groundwater modulates phagocytosis and cell proliferation, disrupts the cell cycle and reduces the ratio of DEX- induced apoptosis/apoptosis. It is concluded that groundwater collected in the vicinity of an incinerator containment field could impact immunocompetence in fish. 相似文献
992.
Kristal A. Huggins Kristen J. Navara Mary T. Mendonça Geoffrey E. Hill 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(7):637-644
Carotenoid pigments produce yellow, orange, and red integumentary color displays that can serve as reliable signals of health
and condition. In many birds and fish, individuals gain competitive or mating advantages by ingesting and utilizing large
quantities of carotenoid pigments. Carotenoid pigments serve as antioxidants, performing important functions as free-radical
scavengers. The beneficial effects of carotenoid pigments are well documented, but rarely have researchers considered potential
detrimental effects of high-level accumulation of carotenoids. We maintained American goldfinches (Carduelis tristis) on high- or low-carotenoid diets through molt and tested for damage to the liver and skeletal muscle. High intake of carotenoids
had no measurable effect on liver enzymes but caused an increase in creatine kinase, an indicator of skeletal muscle breakdown,
and a reduction in vertical flight performance, a measure of skeletal muscle integrity. The detrimental effects of high-level
carotenoid accumulation were approximately equivalent to the negative effects of removing carotenoids from the diet. The adverse
effects observed in this study have important implications for theories of the function and evolution of colorful plumage. 相似文献
993.
Clotilde Biard Nicolas Saulnier Maria Gaillard Jérôme Moreau 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(11):987-995
In the study of parasite-mediated sexual selection, there has been controversial evidence for the prediction that brighter
males should have fewer parasites. Most of these studies have focused on one parasite species. Our aim was to investigate
the expression of carotenoid-based coloured signals in relation to patterns of multiple parasite infections, to determine
whether colour reflects parasite load of all parasite species, or whether different relationships might be found when looking
at each parasite species independently. We investigated the relationship between bill colour, body mass and plasma carotenoids
and parasite load (feather chewing lice, blood parasite Plasmodium sp., intestinal parasites cestodes and coccidia) in the blackbird (Turdus merula). Bill colour on its own appeared to be a poor predictor of parasite load when investigating its relationships with individual
parasite species. Variation in parasite intensities at the community level was summarised using principal component analysis
to derive synthetic indexes of relative parasite species abundance and absolute parasite load. The relative abundance of parasite
species was strongly related to bill colour, plasma carotenoid levels and body mass: birds with relatively more cestodes and
chewing lice and relatively less Plasmodium and coccidia had a more colourful bill, circulated more carotenoids and were heavier. These results suggest that bill colour
more accurately reflects the relative intensities of parasite infection, rather than one-by-one relationships with parasites
or absolute parasite burden. Investigating patterns of multiple parasite infection would thus improve our understanding of
the information conveyed by coloured signals on parasite load. 相似文献
994.
995.
The purpose of this study was to examine the cumulative effects of exposure to a pathogenic bacteria and municipal effluent in the freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata. Mussels were exposed to increasing concentrations of an ozone-treated effluent at 15°C for 7 days. A sub-group of mussels was inoculated with Vibrio anguillarum and exposed to the same conditions as above.After the exposure period, mussels were collected to assess hemocyte count and viability,immunocompetence(phagocytosis and nitrite production), oxidative stress/inflammation(cyclooxygenase and lipid peroxidation) and oxygen radical/xenobiotic scavenging activity(metallothioniens, glutathione S-transferase). The results showed that mussels exposed to municipal effluent had increased hemocyte counts, phagocytosis, nitrites, lipid peroxidation and metallothioneins. In the inoculated mussels, the same responses were observed, in addition to cyclooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase activities. Multivariate analyses revealed that(1)the response pattern changed with effluent concentration, where increased responses observed at low effluent concentrations(10%, V/V) were attenuated at higher effluent concentrations,(2)the effluent produced more pronounced changes in lipid peroxidation, metallothionein and hemocyte viability, and(3) the simultaneous presence of V. anguillarum led to more important changes in hemocyte count and viability and nitrite levels. In conclusion, the presence of V.anguillarum could alter the response of mussels to municipal effluent, which could lead to increased inflammation in mussels. 相似文献
996.
Cheviron Nathalie Grondin Virginie Marrauld Christelle Poiroux Françoise Bertrand Isabelle Abadie Josiane Pandard Pascal Riah-Anglet Wassila Dubois Caroline Malý Stanislav Marques Catarina R. Asenjo Inmaculada Valverde Alonso Alejandro Díaz Domingo Marquina Mougin Christian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29348-29357
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The evaluation of soil quality requires the use of robust methods to assess biologically based indicators. Among them, enzyme activities are used for... 相似文献
997.
Bilgili Faik Kuşkaya Sevda Ünlü Fatma Gençoğlu Pelin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36189-36207
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since export has a key role in economic growth in terms of national production quantity, export quality can be considered another important factor... 相似文献
998.
Kalefetoğlu Macar Tuğçe Macar Oksal Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin Yalçin Emine Yapar Kürşad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(40):60508-60518
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The immense protection potential of plant-derived products against heavy metal toxicity has become a considerable field of research. The goal of the... 相似文献
999.
Pedroso Thays Millena Alves Benvindo-Souza Marcelino de Araújo Nascimento Felipe Woch Júlia dos Reis Fabiana Gonçalves de Melo e Silva Daniela 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(12):17464-17475
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Occupational exposure to pesticides has been identified as a major trigger of the development of cancer. Pesticides can cause intoxication in the... 相似文献
1000.
Onder Alper Kıvanç Mehmet Rıza Durmuş Seçil Ilgin Pinar Ozay Hava Ozay Ozgur 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(7):2928-2942
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - This study is the first report of the preparation of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) hydrogels rapidly crosslinked with divinyl sulfone in a single step and... 相似文献