Comprehending adsorption of methylethylketone and toluene and microwave regeneration effectiveness for beaded activated carbon derived from recycled waste bamboo tar

ABSTRACT

Beaded activated carbons (BACs) were derived from waste bamboo tar through carbonization (500°C for 2 hr) followed by physical activation using carbon dioxide (800–900°C for 2–4 hr). The adsorbent was examined for their physical and chemical properties, adsorption capacities toward methylethylketone (MEK) and toluene, and regenerabilities under microwave heating. It was found that the maximum total surface area reached for bamboo-tar-derived BAC after physical activation was 1364 m² g^?1, and more than 95% of the area was attributed to the microporous structures. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models were applied to the adsorption isotherm fitting, and the minimum R² for each model was 0.986, 0.915, and 0.943, respectively. The isosteric heats of adsorption calculated based on D-R parameters for methylethylketone and toluene were 44.04 to 51.50 and 45.88 to 73.27 KJ mol^?1, respectively. They were slightly over the range of physisorption and increased with adsorbate loading, which might be related to the micropore filling mechanism. Microwave regeneration under 600 W of power output removed most of the adsorbate (>93.03%) within 8 min. The results of this study are intended to benefit future study on waste-derived adsorbent in environmental applications.     

Modeling and simulation study of the stoichiometric niche space and niche overlap based on the copula method

Environmental and Ecological Statistics - To qualify niche space and niche overlap, the current methods are based on a strict assumption of the normal distribution and restrict dependence to the...     

Physical,chemical and biological behaviour of fumigants on cottonseed

Fumigation is required to protect cottonseed in storage and pre-shipment from insect pests and/or microorganisms. Fumigation of cottonseed with carbon disulphide (CS₂), carbonyl sulphide (COS), ethanedinitrile (C₂N₂), ethyl formate (EF), methyl bromide (MB) and phosphine (PH₃) showed that >85% of the fumigants disappeared within 5?h of exposure. COS maintained >20?mg L^–1 for 24?h. After 1?day of aeration, 75%–85% of the absorbed COS and MB and 20%–40% of the absorbed CS₂, EF and PH₃ were released from treated cottonseed. The fumigant residues were reduced by 80% for COS, 50% for EF or MB and 25% for CS₂ after 1?day of aeration. After 13?days of aeration, fumigant residues were reduced by 95% for MB, 65% for EF, 55% for CS₂ and to natural levels in the COS residue. Carbon disulphide, COS, PH₃, EF and C₂N₂ had no effect on the germination of cottonseed, but germination was reduced to 50% by MB. COS has potential as a fumigant for control of insect pests in cottonseed because it dissipates quickly and does not negatively impact germination. On the other hand, MB appears to strongly absorb and requires an extended period for residues to dissipate, and it negatively impacts germination.     

Clay mineral adsorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewater: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Heavy metal pollution such as water contamination by Pb, Hg, Cu, Cd and Cr ions is induced by rapid urbanization and industrialization and is a major threat to...     

居住区不同类型绿地释氧固碳及降温增湿作用

报北京城市居住区３种不同种植结构类型的绿地（乔灌草型、灌草型和草坪型）对环境的降温增湿和ＣＯ２调节作用,定量评估了３种绿地夏季释氧固碳温增湿俞灌草型绿地对改善环境碳氧平衡、曙增湿方面均优于藻草型和草坪型２种绿地。     

有机粘土和粘土对p,p'-DDE的吸附/解吸研究

采用批量平衡实验,研究阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基铵离子(HDTMA)改性的zeo-HDTMA(有机沸石)、mont-HDTMA(有机蒙脱土)和atta-HDTMA(有机凹凸棒土)及其原粘土对典型有机氯农药DDT代谢产物p,p'-DDE的吸附解吸特性.结果表明,随原粘土阳离子交换容量(CEC)的增大,有机粘土吸附量增大,且有机粘土的吸附量比原粘土大大提高;有机粘土和原粘土对p,p'-DDE的吸附能力顺序为:zeo-HDTMA＞mont-HDTMA＞atta-HDTMA≥mont(蒙脱土)＞atta(凹凸棒土)＞zeo(沸石),这一顺序与它们的有机碳质量分数大小顺序一致.原粘土对p,p'-DDE的吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附等温方程,吸附呈单分子层形式,且存在竞争吸附;有机粘土对p,p'-DDE的吸附等温线符合Linear吸附等温方程,吸附是p,p'-DDE在有机粘土中有机相的分配所致.当CaCl2质量浓度从0增加到50 g/L时,mont-HDTMA对p,p'-DDE吸附量提高了10.3%.有机粘土和原粘土对p,p'-DDE的解吸率大小顺序为:zeo＞atta＞mont＞atta-HDTMA＞mont-HDTMA＞zeo-HDTMA,这一顺序与它们的有机碳质量分数大小顺序相反.     

天津市气溶胶折射指数及消光特征

根据2005年5月17～23日Grimm气溶胶粒谱分析仪观测结果,考察天津市气溶胶消光特征.利用天津市2000年非采暖季PM10源解析的结果,初步得出天津市气溶胶的折射指数为1.585-0.118i.通过Mie理论计算得出天津市气溶胶散射消光占到总消光的60 0A以上;气溶胶消光主要集中于粒径小于1.00 μm的颗粒物,消光贡献率为80%以上.其中粒径为O.30～0.35 μm的颗粒物的消光贡献率最大,达20.7%.     

地表水中隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫微球的混凝去除

以向地表水中投加的隐孢子虫微球和贾第鞭毛虫微球为对象,研究通过对给水混凝工艺对其的去除效果进行比较,着重考察了不同混凝剂种类、投加量及水样pH值对去除效果的影响.结果表明,混凝工艺可较为有效地去除地表水中的两虫微球,去除率最高可达4 lg.相比常规的金属盐类混凝剂,高分子的PAC、PAFC混凝剂对两虫微球的混凝去除率更...     

Quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation: a full carbon cycle analysis

Plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional vegetable cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall.