Occurrence and fate of PPCPs in typical drinking water treatment plants in China

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - In this study, the occurrence and removal of twenty-nine pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in two water treatment plants (WTPs) in China...     

基于文献计量学的“十三五”生态环境监测研究热点分析

利用科学计量与可视化相关工具,以《中文核心期刊要目总览(2017年版)》27种环境科学类核心期刊发表的2016—2020年生态环境监测论文数据为基础,从载文量分布、高被引论文、高产机构分布和技术主题分布等方面分析了"十三五"期间我国生态环境监测研究热点。结果表明:"十三五"期间生态环境监测论文数量有所增加,主要载文期刊分布于《环境科学》《中国环境监测》《环境科学与技术》;主要发文机构是中国环境科学研究院、中国环境监测总站、中国科学院大学;排名前10位的技术主题词分别是PM_(2.5)、重金属、土壤、污染特征、颗粒物、挥发性有机物、生态风险、臭氧、沉积物、多环芳烃,结合"十三五"前期和中后期热点主题词变化分析了生态环境监测研究关注点的变化趋势。     

关于海洋辐射环境监测体系建设的思考

通过对海洋辐射环境监测现状及存在问题的分析,提出了加强顶层设计,推进陆海统筹,逐步构建和完善海洋辐射环境监测管理体系、业务体系、人才体系、应急体系、保障体系、标准体系和合作体系的建议。     

超临界流体技术及其在环境保护中的应用

从超临界流体萃取、超临界水氧化、催化超临界水氧化和超临界流体色谱等四个方面介绍超临界流体技术在环境分析、环境污染治理中的应用和发展方向。     

性能化防火设计在综合商业广场中的应用

本文给出了一种性能化防火设计的典型思路,对性能化防火设计方法的主要内容和流程作了介绍,并结合某综合商业广场的工程实例,给出了该综合商业广场的防火系统设计方案.     

循环温度荷载作用下饱和黏土的体积变形特性

采用温控三轴仪,研究了排水条件下温度循环引起的饱和黏土体积变化特性。试验结果表明,温度循环会使得土体产生不可恢复的体积变形,塑性体积应变的大小随温度循环周数的增加而增加,并逐渐趋于稳定值;若将经历过温度循环的土样重新加载到新的正常固结状态,后续温度循环中产生的塑性体积应变量值及发展规律与初始循环下的类似;同等温度增量下,体积应变的大小主要受超固结比OCR的影响,与应力水平无关。OCR越大,体积应变越小,随温度循环周数稳定的也越快。基于广义塑性理论,给出了热-力耦合作用下土体体积应变的计算模型。模型中考虑了温度塑性应变对屈服应力的硬化作用,根据屈服应力与前期固结应力之间的差异间接体现温度历史的影响,进而合理地模拟体积应变随温度循环周数的累积规律。利用所建立的模型对本文试验和文献中的数据进行了模拟,验证了模型的可靠性。     

中国各省区生态环境质量评价与排序

本文建立了区域生态环境质量综合评价的指标体系,并应用这一指标体系,通过层次分析和综合评价方法对我国各省区的生态环境质量做了定量评价与分析,为生态环境管理和宏观决策提供依据。     

A review on anammox process for the treatment of antibiotic-containing wastewater: Linking effects with corresponding mechanisms

• Anammox is promising for nitrogen removal from antibiotic-containing wastewater. • Most antibiotics could inhibit the anammox performance and activity. • Antibiotic pressure promoted the increase in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). • Antibiotic-resistance mechanisms of anammox bacteria are speculated. Antibiotic is widely present in the effluent from livestock husbandry and the pharmaceutical industry. Antibiotics in wastewater usually have high biological toxicity and even promote the occurrence and transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. Moreover, most antibiotic-containing wastewater contains high concentration of ammonia nitrogen. Improper treatment will lead to high risk to the surrounding environment and even human health. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) with great economic benefit and good treatment effect is a promising process to remove nitrogen from antibiotic-containing wastewater. However, antibiotic inhibition has been observed in anammox applications. Therefore, a comprehensive overview of the single and combined effects of various antibiotics on the anammox system is conducted in this review with a focus on nitrogen removal performance, sludge properties, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes and anammox-involved functional genes. Additionally, the influencing mechanism of antibiotics on anammox consortia is summarized. Remaining problems and future research needs are also proposed based on the presented summary. This review provides a better understanding of the influences of antibiotics on anammox and offers a direction to remove nitrogen from antibiotic-containing wastewater by the anammox process.     

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization of soil dissolved organic matters in the fluctuating water-level zone of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water-level-fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Most of the soil DOM analyzed in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks. Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence, whereas peaks B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence. Peaks E and F, which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence, only appeared in certain soils. Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil, and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed soil than submerged soil. Compared to the peaks A and B, the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced by the fluctuating water level. Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil was not contaminated significantly. Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types of protein-like fluorescence groups. The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable. The soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity, and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had an impact on the humification of soil DOM.     

畜禽废弃物处理对规模养殖环境效率的影响

以蛋鸡为例,利用我国5个鸡蛋主产省份蛋鸡规模养殖户的调研数据,从蛋鸡粪便处理的角度采用Super-SBM模型和分位数回归相结合的方法实证分析了蛋鸡规模养殖环境效率及其影响因素.结果表明:蛋鸡规模养殖环境效率低于技术效率,且环境效率存在区域差异;养殖过程中仍然存在投入冗余和期望产出不足、非期望产出过剩的现象;机械化、高频率清粪有利于蛋鸡规模养殖环境效率保持在较高水平,而粪便利用方式对蛋鸡养殖环境效率并没有持续的显著影响;我国所推行的规模化、标准化养殖有利于提升蛋鸡养殖环境效率.