排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 210 毫秒
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改进密切值法在湖泊富营养化评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
密切值法(Osculating Method)作为一种多目标优选方法,在水环境质量评价中具有一定的应用.经过改进,将各级营养级别作为评价样本,参与到湖泊水环境样本的矩阵中,引入目标差值率对初始矩阵进行规范化处理,并应用层次分析法,对各评价指标的贡献程度加以确定.将改进后的密切值法应用于湖泊富营养化评价中.经实例分析表明,该方法概念清晰、计算简便实用,保证了湖泊水环境质量评价的科学性,能较好地反映湖泊水环境质量的优劣,并使其与各级营养级别的关系一目了然. 相似文献
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应用改进密切值法进行地表水环境综合评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对密切值法应用中的实际问题,引入目标差值率和虚拟优点、劣点的概念,对密切值法进行了改进.将改进后的密切值法应用于地表水环境综合评价中,经实例分析表明,该方法概念清晰、计算简便实用,且从评价结果可获许多潜在的信息,是开展地表水流域水环境综合评价的一种有效的方法. 相似文献
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Chunyan Wang Jiangshan Wang Yi Liu Lei Zhang Yong Sun Jiuhui Qu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):110
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采用基于液质联用(LC-MS)的代谢组学方法研究多氯联苯(PCBs)和2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并-p-二噁英(TCDD)及联合染毒对大鼠生化代谢的影响.对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠连续3 d分别灌胃TCDD(10μg.kg-1)、PCBs(Aroclor 1254,10 mg.kg-1)及其混合溶液(10μg.kg-1 TCDD和10 mg.kg-1 Aroclor1254),采用液质联用法在尿液和血浆样本中分别检测出749个和343个色谱峰.PCBs、TCDD及其联合染毒后引起大鼠生化代谢的显著变化.多变量分析结果表明,毒性的大小是:联合染毒>TCDD>PCBs.采用标准物对照、准确质量数、多级质谱碎片离子图和数据库检索的方法,分别在尿液和血浆样本中鉴定出8个和20个生物标记物,表明PCBs和TCDD能导致免疫系统、肝脏和神经系统障碍、干扰脂代谢. 相似文献
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Abstract It is difficult to manage the manufacturing hazardous waste (MHW) which is generated from a huge amount of complicated sources and causes very serious pollution. Therefore more and more attention has been paid to MHW pollution. Shanghai, as an industrial and economic center and an international metropolis in China, has a vast industrial system spanning a multitude of sectors, which generates MHW not only in a huge magnitude but also in a large variety of types from complicated sources, resulting in severe pollution. In 2003, the production of MHW in Shanghai is about 3.96 × 105 ton, involving 33 indices. Most of MHW in Shanghai is treated and disposed of, but a significant portion is not handled properly and effectively. This paper carries out in-field investigation on the current status of MHW production and treatment in Shanghai, and puts forward scientific proposals that Shanghai should facilitate cleaner production and minimize hazardous waste; strictly enforce hazardous waste registration system, strengthen monitoring the certified enterprises; strengthen intent disposal center construction and realize hazardous waste reclamation; accelerate establishing the technical criteria and the management policy, promote the research and development on the treatment and disposal technology, and strengthen information management, thus realizing integrated management on MHW pollution. 相似文献
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新型聚乙烯包装材料的可环境消纳性能研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
借助人工加速老化实验箱、户外暴晒架、自然土壤填埋坑等实验方法,采用力学性能测试、扫描电镜、热-红联用仪和乌氏粘度计等测试方法对所研制的新型聚乙烯(PE)塑料包装材料的可环境消纳性能进行探讨。实验结果表明,该材料自然暴露35d,羰基指数(CI)为45,光照10d后自然土壤掩埋,一年后CI为70,粘均分子质量Mη降到3678;生物降解性能达到3级;进行焚烧处理,尤其是在受光照后进行焚烧,可完全燃烧,不产生有害气体或粉尘。 相似文献
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瞬时源示踪实验确定河流纵向离散系数和横向混合系数的线性回归法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从瞬时源二维浓度公式出发,经数学推导得出一直线方程Y=AT+B,变量Y、T可由t、c、c’_t来表示.系数A、B含有待确定的参数D_x、D_y,河流纵向和横向流速u、v,以及观测点坐标x、y.由实验观测数据(c_i,I_i通过线性回归可确定A、B,进而解二元代数方程组求出纵向离散系数D_x及横向混合系数D_y. 相似文献