对化学需氧量两种测量方法不确定度评定报告的探讨

应用美国国家环保局方法和传统的重铬酸钾法测定同一化学需氧量标准样品，并分别编写了测量不确定度评定报告。通过对两份不确定度报告的研究，讨论了由于测量方法的不同，造成不确定度评定报告的区别。     

Phytoremediation and its models for organic contaminated soils

Soil pollution has been attracting considerable public attentions over the last decades.Sorts of traditional physiochemical methods have been used to remove th organic pollutants from soils.However,the enormous costs and low efficiencies associated with these remediation technologies limit their availabilities.Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants to cleanup pollutants in soils.As overwhelmingly positive results have been shown,phytoremediation is a most economical and effective remediation technique for organic contaminated soils.In this paper phytoremediation and its models for organic contaminated soils are viewed.The mechanisms of phytoremediation mainly include the direct plant uptake of organic pollutants,degradation by plant-derived degradative enzymes,and stimulated biodegradation in plat rhizosphere.Phytoremediation efficiency is close related to physicochemical properties of organic pollutants, environmental characteristics,and plant types.It is no doubt that soil amendments such as surfactants improve the solubilities and availabilities of organic pollutants in soils.However,little information is available about effects of soil amendments on phytoremediation efficiencies.Phytoremediation models have been developed to imulate and predict the environmental behavior of organic pollutants,and progress of models is illustrated.In many ways phytoremediation is still in its initial stage,and recommendations for the future for the future research on phytoremediation are presented.     

Survey of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in arterial street air of Hangzhou

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＰｏｌｙｃｙｃｌｉｃａｒｏｍａｔｉｃｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎｓ (ＰＡＨｓ)ａｒｅｗｉｄｅｓｐｒｅａｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ.Ｔｈｅｙａｒｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｆｏｓｓｉｌｆｕｅｌｓ,ｖｅｈｉｃｕｌａｒｔｒａｆｆｉｃ,ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ,ｓｍｏｋｉｎｇａｎｄｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｈｅａｔｉｎｇ (Ｐｅｌｔｏｎｅｎ ,1995) .Ｔ…     

Partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on organobentonites from water

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅａｌｕｍｉｎｏｓｉｌｉｃａｔｅｓｈｅｅｔｓｏｆｂｅｎｔｏｎｉｔｅｐｏｓｓｅｓｓａｎｅｔｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｌｃｈａｒｇｅｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｅｄｆｏｒｂｙｉｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅａｂｌｅｃａｔｉｏｎｓ(ｅ.ｇ.,Ｎａ+ａｎｄＣａ2+),ｗｈｉｃｈｓｔｒｏｎｇｌｙｈｙｄｒａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｃｅｏｆｗａｔｅｒ.Ｓｕｒｆａｃｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｂｅｎｔｏｎｉｔｅｃａｎｂｅｍｏｄｉｆｉｅｄｂｙｓｉｍｐｌｅｉｏｎｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｗｉ…     

山东博山地下水污染的数学模拟

在分析研究区的水文地质特征和地下水污染情况的基础上，用模糊数学方法进行地下水水质评价，用趋势面分析和Ｋｒｉｇｉｎｇ方法模拟地下水中污染物的空间分布，用灰色系统方法和对流－弥散方程的特征有限元解模拟地下水中污染物随时间的分布并且进行污染的预测，对各种方法的特点和应用条件进行了分析，表明和数学模拟方法进行地下水污染的定量研究是可行的。     

生物难降解有机污染物微生物处理技术的进展

耗氧有机污染物的微生物处理技术已日趋完善，研究重点转向生物难解污染物处理，文章详细阐述了几种生物难降解污染物微生物处理技术的研究进展：（１）几种污染物的高效降解微生物的分离培养以及这些高效降解微生物的降解效率和最佳降解条件研究。（２）利用微生物共代谢作用降解污染物的研究，为一些难以作为微生物唯一碳源和能源的污染物生物降解提供一条有效的途径；（３）利用基因工程技术创建高效降解菌的研究，该项技术在提高     

塔克拉玛干沙漠北部全新世环境演变(Ⅰ)

通过对塔克拉玛干沙漠北部，塔里木河泛滥平原典型剖面的沉积物粒度特征、化学元素的变化和沉积相特征的研究，并结合＾１４Ｃ测年、揭示了本区域全新世以来的环境变化规律，本区全世以来的多风、高温、干燥的气候形成是以全球气体波为背景，叠加内陆干旱封闭贫地影响而成的，但在干燥气条件下曾有过几次空气湿度较大的偏湿期，本区沉积相主要以充冲积作用形成的粘土层和风力作用下的风砂层为主，剖面中的亚粘土与现代河流相特征一致     

赣闽浙三省接合区砂金资源的分布与沉积学特点

赣闽浙三省接合区砂金资源分布广泛,尤以赣东北乐安江、昌江水系最富。本文是在对该区野外调查,取样分析和典型砂金矿床、矿点地质环境分析的基础上,认为冲积型砂金富集与矿源层分布,水系发育规模及地貌条件,含金物质搬运距离,水动力条件,沉积界面微地貌及合金物质沉积后埋藏状况有密切关系,掌握砂金沉积学特点有利于资源的勘探和开发。     

Scanning proton microprobe microanalysis for the assessment of homogeneity of IAEA urban dust reference materials

In order to develop new reference materials for microanalytical nuclear techniques, scanning proton microprobe(SPM) technique was used to determine homogeneity level within 100x200 μm2 micro-area on the small pieces of IAEA urban dust reference materials. The experimental methods were described in detail. The results show that IAEA-396A/M Vienna urban dust is homogeneous enough for small sample analysis of standard reference material (SRM).     

官厅水库富营养化的水生生态特征评价

对官厅水库进行浮游植物(种类分布、细胞数和生物量)、叶绿素α、水体初级生产力、底栖大型无脊椎动物的种类和密度分布以及水质的理化特性等进行了研究。结果表明,官厅水库某些指标达到或超过富营养化水平,西库的水质比东库明显恶化。官厅水库水质恶化主要受永定河水污染的影响。其次,大坝前网箱养鱼也是影响水质的因素之一。与1982年水质污染比较的结果表明,官厅水库水质富营养化的发展速度是惊人的。