高硫煤基高比表面积活性炭吸附处理焦化废水的研究

采用高硫煤基高比表面积活性炭对焦化废水进行吸附处理,研究了吸附温度、活性炭投加量、吸附时间等工艺条件对处理效果的影响,并对活性碳的再生进行了初步探讨.结果表明,在32℃时,活性炭投加量1g/50 mL,吸附3h后,焦化废水中氨氮去除率为23.4%,苯酚去除率为85.8%,COD去除率可达90%.该活性炭能够进行有限的再生利用.     

固定化微生物法处理含甲硫醇恶臭气体

采用液相曝气方式驯化培养污水厂活性污泥，获得具有降解甲硫醇能力的优势微生物菌群。同时用海藻酸钠包埋固定化微生物，研究固定化微生物颗粒填充床去除甲硫醇恶臭气体的工艺过程。液相曝气培养研究表明：降解甲硫醇的微生物菌群适宜的ｐＨ值为５．２～９．０，最佳ｐＨ条件为弱碱性。已驯化微生物的离心浓缩回收率为７１．２％，颗粒填充床生物脱臭塔运行实验表明：在空塔停留时间不大于１３ｓ，对低浓度甲硫醇气体（〈１２．９ｍ     

灌溉污水中苯并(a)芘最高容许浓度的探讨

苯并(a)芘是一种强致癌物,在环境和食品中普遍存在,并能在土壤和生物体内蓄积,最高容许浓度的确定应考虑到环境中的“本底”水平和灌溉水中的实际含量以及对机体的毒理危害程度,建议灌溉污水中苯并(a)芘的最高容许浓度为0.05μg/L.     

大亚湾惠州岸段城市化发展与海岸带生态系统保护协调研究

在分析海岸带生态系统结构、功能特点的基础上，指出大亚湾惠州岸段可持续发展的途径就是实现经济开发与海岸带生态环境保护之间的协调发展，为此，提出了区域生态－－经济系统综合效益表达工，并运用该表达式，从大亚湾海水环境保护的角度出发，得出了惠州大亚湾沿岸地区在１９９４年－２０１０年间工业发展的合理速度。     

蔬菜土壤微生物种群数量与土壤重金属含量的关系

对呈贡县蔬菜土壤微生物种群数量和土壤重金属质量分数进行大田调查分析，结果表明，土壤微生物种群数量和微生物多样性指数变化较大，土壤微生物种群数量总体水平较高，但微生物多样性指数偏低，其中以细菌占较大的优势；土壤重金属对土壤微生物数量和微生物多样性均有一定的影响，其中土壤中Pb和Cu的质量分数与土壤微生物种群数量显著相关；土壤重金属综合污染指数与真菌／细菌个数比例、真菌／放线菌个数比例与微生物多样性指数均呈显著的指数相关。随着重金属综合污染指数的增加，微生物多样性指数呈指数式地迅速下降。     

反硝化除磷的影响特性试验

采用SBR反应器(厌氧/缺氧/好氧工艺),分别研究了乙酸盐及硝酸盐浓度变化对反硝化除磷的影响特性。试验结果表明,当进水COD浓度>230mg/L时,乙酸盐浓度的变化对释磷、除磷速率等影响并不显著。在硝酸盐浓度<30mg/L时,硝酸盐浓度越高,缺氧段除磷速率也就越高。在C/P>23,C/N>5条件下,SBR系统对磷、氮去除率在90%以上。     

Simultaneous absorption of NO and SO2 into hexamminecobalt(II)/iodide solution

An innovative catalyst system has been developed to simultaneously remove NO and SO2 from combustion flue gas. Such catalyst system may be introduced to the scrubbing solution using ammonia solution to accomplish sequential absorption and catalytic oxidation of both NO and SO2 in the same reactor. When the catalyst system is utilized for removing NO and SO2 from the flue gas, Co(NH3)(6)2+ ions act as the catalyst and I- as the co-catalyst. Dissolved oxygen, in equilibrium with the residual oxygen in the flue gas, is the oxidant. The overall removal process is further enhanced by UV irradiation at 365 nm. More than 95% of NO is removed at a feed concentration of 250-900 ppm, and nearly 100% of SO2 is removed at a feed concentration of 800-2500 ppm. The sulfur dioxide co-existing in the flue gas is beneficial to NO absorption into hexamminecobalt(II)/iodide solution. NO and SO2 can be converted to ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate that can be used as fertilizer materials. The process described here demonstrates the feasibility of removing SO2 and NO simultaneously only by retrofitting the existing wet ammonia flue-gas-desulfurization (FGD) scrubbers.     

不同土壤重金属复合污染的有效态离子冲量表征

选择红壤、黄棕壤和潮土为对象，依据中国土壤环境质量二级和三级标准确定土壤重金属铜、锌、镉的污染浓度，通过生物盆裁试验研究在重金属Cu、Zn、Cd复合污染条件下牧草（黑麦草、紫花苜蓿）体内重金属含量和土壤中重金属有效态含量的相关性，结果表明，在3种不同性质的污染土壤上，牧草体内重金属的离子冲量与其对应土壤中重金属有效态的离子冲量之间均存在明显的相关性。校正土壤pH、牧草品种等因素后，土壤有效态离子冲量可以有效表征不同土壤-牧草系统的重金属复合污染。     

Evaluation of exposure level of N-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxamide (FG 7142), an anxiogenic agent in humans

beta-Carboline-3-carboxylic acid methylamide (FG 7142), an anxiogenic agent, has been detected in human urine. The urinary excretion level of FG 7142 in non-smokers was found to be 0.503 +/- 0.25 ng per day (mean +/- S.D., n=10), while that in smokers was found to be 2.418 +/- 0.384 ng per day (n=10). This suggests that humans are exposed to FG 7142 and that smokers are exposed to higher levels of FG 7142 than non-smokers. Considering the previous findings that FG 7142 is present in cigarette smoke, indoor and outdoor air and smoke condensate of tree leaves, humans may be exposed to FG 7142 via the airways and lungs, although we cannot exclude the possibility of exposure via foodstuffs. Results of animal experiments suggest that FG 7142 which enters the bloodstream is excreted into the urine via the kidneys within 24 h in an unchanged form. Therefore, monitoring the level of FG 7142 in urine may be useful for monitoring the exposure level of FG 7142.     

新型堆肥装置设计及其应用研究

根据城市生活垃圾的特点和性质,利用物料平衡和热力学原理进行好氧堆肥实验装置的设计,并对堆肥发酵仓容积的确定和配套辅助设备进行了研究,得出当堆肥装置直径小于225m时,需采取保温措施。通过强制通风静态仓式堆肥小试实验进行的城市生活垃圾堆肥结果表明,通过30℃及以上的水浴加热,可实现固体废物的堆肥化。