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151.
通过对一起重大特种设备“疑似”事故——常压余热水箱承压爆炸造成3人当场死亡1人重伤的重大事故的调查过程的介绍,对常压水箱爆炸事故原因、经过的调查分析,充分意识到有效落实企业安全生产第3方责任的紧迫性。加强特种设备安全监察员队伍专业知识学习的紧迫性。 相似文献
152.
Using a time-varying stochastic frontier model, this paper examines the technical efficiency of firms in the iron and steel industry to try to identify the factors contributing to the industry's efficiency growth. Industry observers and policymakers tend to cite most frequently three possible sources of efficiency growth: privatization; economies of scale; and vintage of equipment. Our study corroborates these factors. Based on our findings, which pertain to 52 iron and steel firms over the period of 1978–1997, privatization is likely to improve the efficiency of iron and steel firms to a great extent as evidenced in various industries. This study also provides systematic evidence that iron and steel production shows economies of scale. In addition, newer vintages of equipment are found to be closely correlated with higher levels of efficiency. This clearly indicates that investment in new plants and equipments is critical in pursuit of efficiency in the iron and steel industry. 相似文献
153.
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155.
空难对湿地浮游植物的影响 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
浮游植物已经广泛应用于环境影响评价.包头"11·21"空难对南海子浮游植物的种类、种群结构、优势种(属)、细胞密度、种类数和细胞密度的空间分布产生了重要影响.调查表明:南海子浮游植物有5门27属,其中蓝藻门有5个属,隐藻门有2个属,硅藻门有5个属,裸藻门有2个属,绿藻门有13个属;蓝藻门和绿藻门为南海子的优势门类,其中微囊藻、平裂藻和栅藻为优势属;南海子浮游植物的Margelef种类丰度指数为0.9646,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0.7647,空难后南海子水体污染严重;浮游植物(特别是富营养化指示藻类)的种类数和细胞密度的高值区主要出现在污染水域.南海子水质的浮游植物生物学评价结果表明,空难事故后南海子水体已属于严重富营养化水平. 相似文献
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158.
Jung MC 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2008,30(3):205-217
The objective of this study was to investigate heavy metal contamination and geochemical characteristics of mine wastes, including
tailings, from 38 abandoned mines classified as five mineralization types. Mine waste materials including tailings and soils
were sampled from the mines and the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples were analyzed. The particle size
of tailings was in the range of 10–100 μm. The pH of the waste covered a wide range, from 1.73 to 8.11, and was influenced
by associated minerals and elevated levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, extracted by a Korean Standard Method (digestion with 0.1 mol L−1 HCl), which were found in the wastes. Half of the samples contained heavy metals at levels above those stipulated by the
Soil Environmental Conservation Act (SECA) in Korea. In addition, extremely high concentrations of the metals were also found
in mine wastes extracted by aqua regia, especially those from mines associated with sulfide minerals. Thus, it can be expected
that trace elements in mine wastes may be dispersed both downstream and downslope through water and wind. Eventually they
may pose a potential health risk to residents in the vicinity of the mine. It is necessary to control mine wastes by using
a proper method for their reclamation, such as neutralization of the mine wastes using a fine-grained limestone. 相似文献
159.
Human health risk assessment of explosives and heavy metals at a military gunnery range 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this research, a risk assessment was undertaken in order to develop the remediation and management strategy of a contaminated
gunnery site, where a nearby flood controlling reservoir is under construction. Six chemicals, including explosives and heavy
metals, posing potential risk to environmental and human health, were targeted in this study. A site-specific conceptual site
model was constructed, based on effective, reasonable exposure pathways, to avoid any overestimation of the risk. Also, conservative
default values were adapted to prevent underestimation of the risk when site-specific values were not available. The risks
posed by the six contaminants were calculated using the API’s Decision Support System for Exposure and Risk Assessment, with
several assumptions. In the crater-formed-area (Ac), the non-carcinogenic risks (i.e., HI values) of tri-nitro-toluene (TNT)
and Cd were slightly larger than 1, but for RDX (Royal Demolition Explosives) was over 50. The total non-carcinogenic risk
of the whole gunnery range was calculated to be 62.5, which was a significantly high value. The carcinogenicity of Cd was
estimated to be about 10−3, while that for Pb was about 5 × 10−4, which greatly exceeded the generally acceptable carcinogenic risk level of 10−4–10−6. It was concluded from the risk assessment that there is an immediate need for remediation of both carcinogens and non-carcinogens
before construction of the reservoir. However, for a more accurate risk assessment, further specific estimations of the changes
in environmental conditions due to the construction of the reservoir will be required; and more over, the effects of the pollutants
to the ecosystem will also need to be evaluated. 相似文献
160.
介绍了火力发电因化石燃料消耗而引起主要气态污染物排放量的估算方法,计算得到中国火力发电燃料消耗所引起的生命周期总排放量及单位售电的生命周期排放清单.与2002年中国火力发电燃料消耗相关的CO2、SO2、NOx、CO、CH4、NMVOC、烟尘、As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、V和Zn的单位售电生命周期排放量分别为1.07、9.93×10-3、6.46×10-3、1.55×10-3、2.60×10-3、4.87×10-42.02×10-22.00×10-61.27×10-81.69×10-78.78×10-82.50×10-71.76×10-62.88×10-62.40×10-6g/(kW 相似文献