全文获取类型
收费全文 | 429篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 13篇 |
废物处理 | 20篇 |
环保管理 | 168篇 |
综合类 | 26篇 |
基础理论 | 106篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 71篇 |
评价与监测 | 27篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
灾害及防治 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 11篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 24篇 |
2012年 | 12篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 19篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有447条查询结果,搜索用时 320 毫秒
61.
David M Lodge Susan Williams Hugh J MacIsaac Keith R Hayes Brian Leung Sarah Reichard Richard N Mack Peter B Moyle Maggie Smith David A Andow James T Carlton Anthony McMichael 《Ecological applications》2006,16(6):2035-2054
The Ecological Society of America has evaluated current U.S. national policies and practices on biological invasions in light of current scientific knowledge. Invasions by harmful nonnative species are increasing in number and area affected; the damages to ecosystems, economic activity, and human welfare are accumulating. Without improved strategies based on recent scientific advances and increased investments to counter invasions, harm from invasive species is likely to accelerate. Federal leadership, with the cooperation of state and local governments, is required to increase the effectiveness of prevention of invasions, detect and respond quickly to new potentially harmful invasions, control and slow the spread of existing invasions, and provide a national center to ensure that these efforts are coordinated and cost effective. Specifically, the Ecological Society of America recommends that the federal government take the following six actions: (1) Use new information and practices to better manage commercial and other pathways to reduce the transport and release of potentially harmful species; (2) Adopt more quantitative procedures for risk analysis and apply them to every species proposed for importation into the country; (3) Use new cost-effective diagnostic technologies to increase active surveillance and sharing of information about invasive species so that responses to new invasions can be more rapid and effective; (4) Create new legal authority and provide emergency funding to support rapid responses to emerging invasions; (5) Provide funding and incentives for cost-effective programs to slow the spread of existing invasive species in order to protect still uninvaded ecosystems, social and industrial infrastructure, and human welfare; and (6) Establish a National Center for Invasive Species Management (under the existing National Invasive Species Council) to coordinate and lead improvements in federal, state, and international policies on invasive species. Recent scientific and technical advances provide a sound basis for more cost-effective national responses to invasive species. Greater investments in improved technology and management practices would be more than repaid by reduced damages from current and future invasive species. The Ecological Society of America is committed to assist all levels of government and provide scientific advice to improve all aspects of invasive-species management. 相似文献
62.
Groundwater management with stochastic surface flows and artificial recharge is considered. Theoretical analysis characterizes the decision rules and establishes conditions for convergence of socially optimal and common property withdrawals and pumping lifts to limiting probability distributions. An empirical application to Kern County, California finds that optimal withdrawals are generally increasing in hydraulic head and decreasing in surface flows; however, nonmonotone behavior is observed in some instances. Artificial recharge is not observed in the limiting distribution due to an interaction of several factors. Optimal management implies relatively small gains over unregulated groundwater use when preferences are risk neutral. 相似文献
63.
64.
Large-Scale Conversion of Forest to Agriculture in the Boreal Plains of Saskatchewan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keith A. Hobson †‡ Erin M. Bayne † Steve L. Van Wilgenburg 《Conservation biology》2002,16(6):1530-1541
65.
This paper analyzes competitive allocations of an exhaustible resource in an overlapping generations economy. Conditions are given for the existence of equilibrium extraction rules such that both extraction and investment in future stocks are increasing and continuous in the current stock. The paper then considers the time paths of equilibrium allocations and shows that there are economies where equilibrium resource extractions and prices exhibit nonclassical behavior. This is illustrated through a finite horizon example in which extractions increase and prices decrease over the entire time horizon and an infinite horizon example where there are persistent cycles in extractions and prices and multiple equilibria. The paper concludes by examining welfare issues. 相似文献
66.
The impact of insecticides and herbicides on the biodiversity and productivity of aquatic communities. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dean G Thompson Keith R Solomon Barbara F Wojtaszek Andrea N Edginton Gerald R Stephenson 《Ecological applications》2006,16(5):2022-7; author reply 2027-34
67.
John F Lehmkuhl Keith D Kistler James S Begley John Boulanger 《Ecological applications》2006,16(2):584-600
We studied northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) demography in the eastern Washington Cascade Range to test hypotheses about regional and local abundance patterns and to inform managers of the possible effects of fire and fuels management on flying squirrels. We quantified habitat characteristics and squirrel density, population trends, and demography in three typical forest cover types over a four-year period. We had 2034 captures of flying squirrels over 41 000 trap nights from 1997 through 2000 and marked 879 squirrels for mark-recapture population analysis. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest appeared to be poorer habitat for flying squirrels than young or mature mixed-conifer forest. About 35% fewer individuals were captured in open pine forest than in dry mixed-conifer Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and grand fir (Abies grandis) forests. Home ranges were 85% larger in pine forest (4.6 ha) than in mixed-conifer forests (2.5 ha). Similarly, population density (Huggins estimator) in ponderosa pine forest was half (1.1 squirrels/ha) that of mixed-conifer forest (2.2 squirrels/ha). Tree canopy cover was the single best correlate of squirrel density (r = 0.77), with an apparent threshold of 55% canopy cover separating stands with low- from high-density populations. Pradel estimates of annual recruitment were lower in open pine (0.28) than in young (0.35) and mature (0.37) forest. High recruitment was most strongly associated with high understory plant species richness and truffle biomass. Annual survival rates ranged from 45% to 59% and did not vary among cover types. Survival was most strongly associated with understory species richness and forage lichen biomass. Maximum snow depth had a strong negative effect on survival. Rate of per capita increase showed a density-dependent response. Thinning and prescribed burning in ponderosa pine and dry mixed conifer forests to restore stable fire regimes and forest structure might reduce flying squirrel densities at stand levels by reducing forest canopy, woody debris, and the diversity or biomass of understory plants, truffles, and lichens. Those impacts might be ameliorated by patchy harvesting and the retention of large trees, woody debris, and mistletoe brooms. Negative stand-level impacts would be traded for increased resistance and resilience of dry-forest landscapes to now-common, large-scale stand replacement fires. 相似文献
68.
Amy B. Levine MD Keith A. Eddleman Usha Chitkara Judith P. Willner Robert J. Vosatka Richard L. Berkowitz 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(2):111-115
Two cases of severe polyhydramnios are presented in which the unsuspected diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy was made in the patient and the fetus. 相似文献
69.
The effect of queen pheromones on worker honey bee ovary development 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:11
We report results that address a long-standing controversy in honey bee biology, the identity of the queen-produced compounds that inhibit worker honey bee ovary development. As the honey bee is the only organism for which identities have been proposed for any pheromone that regulates reproduction, the resolution of its identity is of broad significance. We examined the effects of synthetic honey bee queen mandibular pheromone (QMP), four newly identified queen retinue pheromone components, and whole-queen extracts on the ovary development of caged worker bees. The newly identified compounds did not inhibit worker ovary development alone, nor did they improve the efficacy of QMP when applied in combination. QMP was as effective as queen extracts at ovary regulation. Caged workers in the QMP and queen extract treatments had better developed ovaries than did workers remaining in queenright colonies. We conclude that QMP is responsible for the ovary-regulating pheromonal capability of queens from European-derived Apis mellifera subspecies. 相似文献
70.
4-Nonylphenol (NP) has been shown to elicit estrogenic responses both in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism by which NP exerts estrogenic and other endocrine-modulating effects in vivo remains unclear, however. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of NP to elicit estrogenic responses through indirect mechanisms of action involving the modulation of endogenous steroid hormone concentrations. Sexually mature male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to aqueous NP concentrations ranging from <0.05 to 5.4 microg NP/l for 28-31 d. Approximately 0.5-3.5 ppm of NP was detected in pooled plasma samples or tissue samples from the carp studied. NP exposure did not significantly increase plasma concentrations of 17beta-estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) or vitellogenin (VTG). Excluding outliers, plasma E2 concentrations ranged from <175 to 700 pg E2/ml. T concentrations ranged from 940 to 24,700 pg T/ml plasma. The greatest VTG concentration detected was 52 microg/ml. One-third of the plasma samples tested contained <1 microg VTG/ml. Overall, the results of this study did not support the hypothesis that exposure to waterborne NP can modulate concentrations of steroid hormones in the plasma of sexually mature male carp. The results did, however, raise a number of questions regarding the utility of estradiol equivalent (EEQ) estimates as a means of predicting in vivo effects of estrogenic substances. Furthermore, they provide information regarding the concentrations and variability of E2, T, and VTG in the plasma of sexually mature male carp, which may aid in design and interpretation of future studies. 相似文献