厌氧水解-好氧处理蒽醌废水试验研究

采用厌氧水解—好氧和单独好氧处理两种生化方法对蒽醌染整废水进行了平行对照试验。结果表明，厌氧水解—好氧处理方法可有效地提高该废水的可生化程度。当进水CODcr浓度为400mg／L、色度为800倍时，厌氧水解—好氧处理后出水CODcr可达120—170mg／L，CODcr去除率在63％以上，色度降低至150倍，明显优于单一好氧处理的出水水质。     

催化电解法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究

对垃圾渗滤液的SBR处理出水进行了催化电解的正交实验研究。结果表明 ,其最佳工艺条件 :pH为 8,电极材料为RuO2 IrO2 TiO2 /Ti,电流密度为 1 0A/dm2 ,电极间距为 0 .5cm ,[Cl- 1 ]为 1 0 0 0 0mg/L ,SA /L为 50cm2 /L。在此条件下 ,电解 48min时 ,COD去除率达 82 .6 % ,电流效率为 31 .6 % ,耗电量为 32 .4kwh/t水。     

Anthropogenic Calcium Particles Observed in Beijing and Qingdao, China

Analysis of individual particles collected at Beijing in northern China revealed that particles abundant in calcium (Ca) always constituted a large fraction of mineral particles in the urban atmosphere. The particles were characterized by cubic morphologies. The major mineral element in the particles was Ca and few or no other mineral elements were detected. A large number of the particles were in the range of diameter <1 μm, where common natural mineral particles were rarely detected. The contribution of the Ca particles to the volume of total mineral particles greatly exceeded that of other mineral particles during non-dust-storm periods and was comparable to that during dust-storm periods. Reagent film tests showed that particulate sulfate and nitrate formation on the Ca particles was similar to that on common mineral particles. These results indicate that a large portion of Ca in the atmospheric particulate matter in Beijing was from anthropogenic sources rather than from natural sources, and the anthropogenic Ca particles acted as a significant medium for the formation of sulfate and nitrate. Similar particles were also detected at Qingdao, a coastal city in northern China. Data of a dust storm event showed that Ca-abundant particles from East China arrived there and moved out of the continent, similarly to Asian dust storm particles, suggesting possible contributions of anthropogenic Ca even in Asian dust storm samples in the downstream areas. Therefore, Ca may not be a good indicator of Asian dust from natural sources. However, the Ca particles, due to their unique shapes and elemental compositions, may provide an indicator for the atmospheric dispersion of anthropogenic particulate matters in East Asia.     

HPLC法测定复方甘草合剂中甘草苷的含量

建立HPLC法测定了复方甘草合剂中甘草苷的含量.以Shim-pack CLC-DOS 150mm×4.6mm(5μm)为分析柱,乙腈-0.5 醋酸(15∶85)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长为276nm,采用外标法定量测定.结果表明,甘草苷在5～25μg·ml-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9998);其高、中、低3个量的平均回收率分别为99.57%、99.41%、98.76%,RSD分别为0.46%、0.72%、0.69%(n=6).本方法简便可靠,重现性好,可作为复方甘草合剂质量控制方法.     

石化企业的消防安全评价

本以“石油化工企业设计防火规范”等消防规范和德尔菲专家调查法为基础，尝试进行石化企业内自然厂的消防安全评价。评价中，固定消防设施部分以各生产装置和储运设施为单元，各装置、设施的权重在道化学公司火灾、爆炸危险指数法的基础上确定；移动消防力量部分和消防管理部分以厂为单元，各指标的权重由层次分析法确定。对于各指标的评价打分，本暂不给出明确的分级标准，而是在各项指标下设置若干检查要点，专家根据实际情况与相关法规条的符合程度进行打分。最终采用线性加权模型得出评价结果，并根据各指标的整改效果排序确定整改的重点。     

环境温度下SBR实现稳定部分亚硝化研究

采用SBR反应器建立了一套通过特定pH终值调控曝气停止点，以实现稳定部分亚硝化的策略，整个运行过程分为3个阶段，阶段Ⅰ启动亚硝化，阶段Ⅱ在稳定亚硝化的同时探索pH终值的设定规律，阶段Ⅲ采用pH终值设定规律实现稳定部分亚硝化，通过跨越夏、冬季（7~35℃）共148d的运行，考察SBR系统内有机物、氮素的转化规律，并分析不同温度（23、18、13℃）对部分亚硝化反应过程的影响.结果表明，在低DO（0.2~0.4mg/L）和MLSS为4000mg/L的条件下，控制pH终值为（7.73±0.02），使出水FA在0.5~1.2mg/L，可稳定部分亚硝化期间的出水NO₂^--N/NH₄⁺-N值在1~1.4之间，出水亚硝积累率（NAR）维持在85%以上，有机物去除率在60%以上.比氨氧化速率、比亚硝态氮氧化速率、比COD去除速率均随温度下降而降低，但降低趋势较缓，且反应均能稳定完成.     

岑王老山自然保护区药用植物资源及其开发

岑王老山自然保护区内药用植物资源丰富,通过查阅相关文献,初步确定有药用植物186科666属1186种,并提出了保护区内药用植物资源的开发途径,对其中具有开发前景的种类做了重点介绍,为保护和合理开发保护区内药用植物资源提供参考。     

Sedimentary Processes of the Qingdao Nearshore Traced Using a Multi-radionuclide Approach

Sediment cores were collected from two sites (A2 and ZQ) in the Qingdao sea area of the Yellow Sea. Radionuclides ⁴⁰K, ¹³⁷Cs, ²¹⁰Pb, ²²⁶Ra, ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁸Th, ²³⁴Th, and ²³⁸U in the cores were measured using HPGe γ spectrometry. The sedimentation rate of the A2 Core using ²¹⁰Pb_ex and ¹³⁷Cs was 0.665 cm yr⁻¹, therefore this 32 cm long core represents a 48 year timespan leading to the sampling date in 2001. The mixing layer was restricted to the upper 5 cm as determined from the profile of ²³⁴Th. The uniformity of the activity distributions of ⁴⁰K and ²³⁸U throughout the A2 Core and the activity distributions of ²²⁶Ra, ²²⁸Ra and ²²⁸Th below the mixing layer suggested that no significant oceanographic event or change in sediment material source had occurred during this timespan. The ²¹⁰ Pb was in excess relative to ²²⁶Ra, but ²²⁶Ra was deficient with respect to ²³⁸U in the entire A2 Core, while excess ²³⁴Th and ²²⁸Th were apparent only in the surface 5 cm. Total organic matter (TOM) in Core A2 decreases with depth. The second core, taken to a depth of 14 cm, was from Site ZQ, which is located near Zhanqiao, Qingdao. The variations of the nuclide activity ratios in this core were similar to those in the A2 Core, i.e., the excess ²¹⁰ Pb and ²²⁶Ra deficiency were consistent throughout the core but excess ²²⁸Th was only in the surface to a depth of 2 cm. The ⁴⁰K activity in the ZQ Core fluctuated and showed no real trend with depth. The activities of ¹³⁷Cs, ²¹⁰Pb, ²²⁶Ra and ²³⁸U in the entire length of Core ZQ, and ²²⁸Ra and ²²⁸Th from 2 cm to the bottom, were comparable within the uncertainty of measured activity.     

泡沼沉积物重金属污染及其潜在生态危害评价——大庆市贴不贴泡案例研究

对贴不贴泡沉积物中的重金属含量进行了分析测定，利用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数方法对其生态危害程度进行了评价。结果表明：贴不贴泡沉积物中Hg，As，Cd，Cu等重金属含量呈现从东南向西北递减的变化特点，而Zn，Cr，Ni，Pb等重金属元素的含量分布则无明显规律。生态风险评价显示，除Cd元素具极强危害外，其余重金属元素均仅具轻微危害。     

UV/Fenton光解处理含三唑磷废水的研究

采用类UV／Fenton法对模拟三唑磷废水进行处理。在模拟废水中人工投加H2O2和Fe^3＋试剂能产生类Fenton试剂，类Fenton试剂在光照条件过程中可以产生大量活性羟基．OH，能够很好地氧化降解废水中的有机化合物。本方法可以有效的处理低浓度的含三唑磷的废水，提供三唑磷农药水样的UV／Fenton催化氧化过程的一级动力学方程。