Review of the progress in preparing nano TiO2: An important environmental engineering material

TiO2 nanomaterial is promising with its high potential and outstanding performance in photocatalytic environmental applications, such as CO2 conversion, water treatment, and air quality control. For many of these applications, the particle size, crystal structure and phase,porosity, and surface area influence the activity of TiO2 dramatically. TiO2 nanomaterials with special structures and morphologies, such as nanospheres, nanowires, nanotubes, nanorods,and nanoflowers are thus synthesized due to their desired characteristics. With an emphasis on the different morphologies of TiO2 and the influence factors in the synthesis, this review summarizes fourteen TiO2 preparation methods, such as the sol–gel method, solvothermal method, and reverse micelle method. The TiO2 formation mechanisms, the advantages and disadvantages of the preparation methods, and the photocatalytic environmental application examples are proposed as well.     

煤层对CO_2处置能力评价的修正方法与应用

煤等温吸附气体实验中的煤体变形效应会造成CO2在煤层中吸附量评价结果的偏差,通过对气体吸附模拟方法进行修正,应用修正的Langmuir和Dubinin-Astakhov模型对CO2、CH4吸附实验结果进行重新拟合,获得准确的吸附量计算方法。结果表明,吸附实验中煤主要表现为膨胀变形,且煤吸附CO2的膨胀量高于吸附CH4的膨胀量,煤膨胀造成CO2实测过剩吸附量较真实过剩吸附量偏低4.4%~43.8%,修正后CO2吸附拟合效果大大提高,Langmuir和D-A模型拟合曲线与实测数据吻合的相关系数分别从0.978、0.995提高到修正后的0.997、0.999,D-A模型对CO2吸附数据的拟合效果优于Lang-muir模型,CH4吸附模拟效果的改善程度不及CO2。     

Genome-wide identification and hormone expression patterns of the MaPIF family of banana genes北大核心CSCD

植物光敏色素作用因子(phytochrome interacting factor,PIF)是广泛分布于植物体内的一种转录因子,在植物的生长发育方面有着重要的作用.基于香蕉基因组数据,对香蕉MaPIF基因家族进行基因组鉴定,采用生物信息学分析方法对其进行命名,分析理化性质、蛋白质结构、基因结构、启动子顺势作用元件以及构建系统进化树;分析PIF家族在不同激素处理下的表达情况.结果显示,香蕉MaPIF家族有7个成员,均含有高度保守的bHLH结构域;编码区长度在1 116-2001bp之间,至少包含5个内含子,且大部分位于细胞外;进化树结果可以发现与拟南芥、水稻以及玉米PIF的亲缘关系较近;顺式作用元件预测结果显示,MaPIF上存在多种与激素和光相关的响应元件.qRT-PCR结果显示,MaPIF3-1、MaPIF4、MaPIF4-1在生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、生长素抑制剂(NPA)处理中均有显著表达,除此之外,所有成员在脱落酸(ABA)处理下均有明显表达.本研究表明MaPIF在香蕉生长发育中激素调控有重要作用.(图7表3参45)     

Biomass ash pyrolyzed from municipal sludge and its adsorption performance toward tetracycline: effect of pyrolysis temperature and KOH activation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Large amount of municipal sludge is difficult to handle; its resource utilization is an effective measure. In this study, the municipal sludge from...     

An Enzymatic Method for Harvesting Functional Melanosomes after Keratin Extraction: Maximizing Resource Recovery from Human Hair

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Hair contains about 80% keratins and 1–3% melanin packaged in melanosomes. Both of these are high-value and functional raw materials that have...     

破解绿色瓶颈——推进绿色生态城建设

"绿色经济与可持续发展"是当今人类社会的主题,而任何一种可持续发展的主体都离不开城市。因此,推动城市发展模式向绿色生态城的转变已成为必然趋势。本文以建设绿色生态城为例,主要阐述推进绿色生态城建设的重要意义。同时,重点分析目前国内绿色生态城建设过程中存在的主要问题。最后,对破解绿色瓶颈,推进绿色生态城的建设提出几点建议。     

Removal of humic substances from landfill leachate by Fenton oxidation and coagulation

In this study, chemical oxygen demand (COD) was characterized as total organic constituents and the isolated humic substances (HS) were characterized as an individual organic contaminant in landfill leachate. It was found that the HS content of landfill leachate was 83.3%. The results of laboratory tests to determine the roles of HS in reducing the organic content of landfill leachate during Fenton process are presented. Furthermore, the performances of oxidation and coagulation of Fenton reaction on the removal of HS and COD from leachate were investigated. The change curves of HS removal were similar to those of COD. The HS removal was 30% higher than COD removal, which indicated that HS were mostly degraded into various intermediate organic compounds but not mineralized by Fenton reagent. The oxidation removal was greatly influenced by initial pH relative to the coagulation removal. The oxidation and coagulation removals were linear dependent with hydrogen peroxide and ferrous dosages, respectively. Ferrous dosage greatly influenced the coagulation removal of COD at low ratio ([H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] < 3.0), but not at extremely high ratio ([H₂O₂]/[Fe²⁺] > 6.0). The coagulation removal of HS was not affected obviously by oxidation due to both Fenton oxidation and coagulation remove high molecular weight organics preferentially. Higher temperature gave a positive effect on oxidation removal at low Fe²⁺ dosage, but this effect was not obvious at high Fe²⁺ dosage.     

长江2006年汛期特枯径流分析

2006年汛期长江出现了历史罕见的特枯径流,汛期长江寸滩站、嘉陵江北碚站出现了有记录以来历史同期最低水位,乌江武隆站出现了历史同期第4低水位。这一现象引起了各方面的关注。论文根据2006年长江干支流主要水文站实测数据以及长江流域33个气象站气温数据和降水量数据,对2006年汛期长江流域特枯径流进行了分析。研究发现,宜昌、汉口、大通三站的汛期月平均流量均降至有历史记录以来的最小值,部分月份不足正常年份的1/3,总体径流量偏少30%～60%。全线水位快速退落,重庆、宜昌、沙市、汉口水位为100多年来同期最低,几近常年长江枯水季节水位。研究认为降水减少是造成长江2006年汛期枯水的主要原因。2006年气温较多年平均明显偏高0.5～2℃,副高和大陆高压的异常,使汛期长江流域降水量大大减少,尤其在7～10月份,几大支流流域降水量减少幅度达到20%~80%。在全球气候变暖的背景下,对2006年汛期长江流域特枯径流进行研究具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。     

放射性核素在海水、底质及海洋生物间的转移--Ⅲ.核素在生物体内分布的生态学意义

本文是放射性核素在海水、底质及海洋生物间转移规律研究的第三部分,着重研究~(137)Cs、~(134)Cs、~(65)Zn、~(60)Co、~(59)Fe、~(54)Mn在毛蚶、文蛤、对虾、罗非鱼各主要组织器官中的分布,并计算各自的富集系数,同时也考察了各种核素在生物各个组织器官中的排出、在底质中的解吸作用以及生物再利用的过程.结果表明肠道和内脏对核素的富集量高,排出也快;外壳、鳃甚至肌肉对核素的富集量低,排出也慢.文中着重讨论了肠道、外壳、鳃在不同情况下成为生物体参与外界环境核素循环主要通道的生态学意义.     

直角拐弯通道中空气冲击波的传播及数值模拟

针对地下通道中空气冲击波的传播,通过试验研究,得到了空气冲击波在直角拐弯通道中传播的衰减系数.同时,应用流体网格法进行了数值模拟,获得了通道直角拐弯前后空气冲击波传播的波形图和流场图.并将两方面的研究成果进行了对比,证明了试验和数值研究方法及研究成果的一致性.