热分析技术在阻燃材料研究中的应用

利用ＳＴＡ４９Ｃ综合热分析仪对几种阻燃材料的热失重、稳定性进行分析,研究添加不同的阻燃剂及其配比后的阻燃材料的热分解过程及热效应,探讨其阻燃机理。     

完善我国企业自行监测与报告程序的路径分析

自行监测与报告程序作为调动企业积极性来关注自身污染、督促企业履行其环境保护义务的有效手段在近几年受到了广泛关注。自行监测与报告程序因其自身专业性强、难度大以及配套的监管、惩治制度的匹配不足等因素并不能完全发挥其作用。在分析我国企业自行监测与报告程序运行面临的困境基础上,提出明确企业主体地位,加强技术指导,鼓励社会各方积极行使知情权,规范社会监测市场等完善自行监测与报告程序的路径。     

Ag插层K4Nb6OO17复合光催化剂降解水中有机污染物

介绍了通过微波辅助的离子交换法制备Ag插层K₄N_6OO₁₇复合光催化剂。复合光催化剂在降解水体中亚甲基蓝的过程中呈现出很高的光催化活性,并且插层复合光催化剂对亚基蓝在碱性条件下能发挥更高效的降解作用且对不同初始浓度的亚甲基蓝均具有较好的移除降解效率。在相同的反应条件下,Ag插层复合光催化剂要比等量的Ag负载K₄N_6OO₁₇,Ag负载TiO₂复合光催化剂活性高很多,使Ag插层K₄N_6OO₁₇复合光催化剂在净化水体污染物方面表现出更显著的优势。     

Methane/coal dust/air explosions and their suppression by solid particle suppressing agents in a large-scale experimental tube

Methane/coal dust/air explosions under strong ignition conditions have been studied in a 199 mm inner diameter and 30.8 m long horizontal tube. A fuel gas/air manifold assembly was used to introduce methane and air into the experimental tube, and an array of 44 equally spaced dust dispersion units was used to disperse coal dust particles into the tube. The methane/coal dust/air mixture was ignited by a 7 m long epoxypropane mist cloud explosion. A deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) was observed, and a self-sustained detonation wave characterized by the existence of a transverse wave was propagated in the methane/coal dust/air mixtures.The suppressing effects on methane/coal dust/air mixture explosions of three solid particle suppressing agents have been studied. Coal dust and the suppressing agent were injected into the experimental tube by the dust dispersion units. The length of the suppression was 14 m. The suppression agents examined in this study comprised ABC powder, SiO₂ powder, and rock dust powder (CaCO₃). Methane/coal dust/air explosions can be efficiently suppressed by the suppression agents characterized by the rapid decrease in overpressure and propagating velocity of the explosion waves.     

洗涤剂富磷污染及其对策

介绍了国内湖海水域富磷污染的现状,指出含磷洗涤剂的使用是造成富磷污染的主要原因,提出了解决富磷污染的对策及适合中国国情的洗涤剂发展方向。     

The effect of carbonate and biochar on carbon and nitrogen losses during composting

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Limited options and high prices have limited the application of additives in composting. The effect of applying carbonate (SRC) and biochar (BC) to...     

生活垃圾填埋场恶臭污染分析及控制措施探析

生活垃圾填埋场在运营过程中容易产生恶臭气体,恶臭气体的控制也是困扰生活垃圾填埋场环保运营的一个主要环保问题。恶臭气体的无组织排放易引发填埋场周边居民环保投诉。因此,全面查找恶臭气体来源,制定有针对性控制措施,加强恶臭污染物的收集处理,将有效降低恶臭污染物对周边环境的影响,提升生活垃圾填埋场周边的大气环境质量。     

焦炉抵抗墙在热负荷状态下的破损分析及加固

针对焦炉抵抗墙在热负荷作用下的破损情况,分析了其破损原因,介绍了在不停产条件下对热状态结构的加固措施。     

Effect of drying on leaching testing of treated municipal solid waste incineration APC-residues

Air-pollution-control (APC) residues from waste incinerators are hazardous waste according to European legislation and must be treated prior to landfilling. Batch and column leaching data determine which type of landfill can receive the treated APC-residues. CEN standards are prescribed for the batch and column leaching test; however, these standards do not specify whether or not the residue samples should be dried prior to the leaching testing. Laboratory tests were performed in parallel (dried/non-dried) on treated APC-residue samples and evaluated with respect to Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn leaching. The effect of drying of the wet APC-residue samples was particularly dramatic regarding the leaching of Cr. Drying resulted in 10-100 times more Cr leaching in both batch and columns test. Drying also affected the leaching of Cd, Cu and Pb. Initial Cd leaching was up to 100 times higher in column tests with dried APC-residue than in tests with wet residues. The effect of drying appeared to be a combination of decreasing the reduction capacity of the sample (Cr), decreasing pH (Cd, Cu) and in column tests also a wash-out of salts (probably affecting Cd and Pb). If the leaching tests are intended to mimic landfill conditions, the results of this paper suggest that the tests should be done on wet, non-dried residue samples, although this may be less practical than testing dried samples.     

Experimental study of the effect of nitrogen addition on gas explosion

Flame propagation and combustion characteristics of methane/air mixed gas in gas explosion were studied in a constant volume combustion bomb. Stretched flame propagation velocity, unstretched laminar flame propagation velocity, unstretched laminar combustion velocity and Markstein length were obtained at various ratios of nitrogen to gas mixture. Combustion stability at various ratios of nitrogen to gas mixture was analyzed by analyzing the pictures of flame propagation. Furthermore, the effect of initial pressure on the flame propagation and combustion characteristics of methane/air mixed gas in gas explosion was analyzed. The results show that the unstretched laminar flame propagation velocity, the unstretched laminar combustion velocity, Markstein length, flame stability, and the maximum combustion pressure decrease distinctly with the increase of nitrogen fraction in the gas mixture. At the same ratios of nitrogen to gas mixture, Markstein length, unstretched laminar flame propagation velocity and unstretched laminar combustion velocity decrease and the maximum combustion pressure increase with the increase of initial pressure of the gas mixture. When nitrogen fraction in the gas mixture is over 20%, the flame will be unstable and is easy to exterminate.