火电厂人身伤害事故的原因及其预防措施

对永安火电厂历年来人身伤害事故进行了分析 ,并采取了一系列预防措施 ,取得了较好效果。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Amorphous Polyamide From Dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this research, bio-based polyamide (bio-PA) was synthesized from dimethyl furan-2,5-dicarboxylate and 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanamine by melt...     

微囊藻毒素-LR通过线粒体途径诱导人支气管上皮细胞凋亡

探讨线粒体Caspase依赖性途径是否参与微囊藻毒素-LR(microcystin-LR,MC-LR)诱导人支气管上皮细胞(human bronchial epithelial cells,16HBE)凋亡过程。将处于对数生长期的16HBE分别暴露于终浓度为0(对照组)、2.5、5、10μg·m L-1的微囊藻毒素-LR和10μg·m L-1MC-LR+50μmol·L-1Caspase广谱抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK,持续24 h和48 h。检测细胞凋亡率,线粒体跨膜电位(ΔΨm),Caspase-3和Caspase-9相对表达量。结果显示,与对照组相比,各浓度染毒组细胞凋亡率和Caspase-3、Caspase-9相对表达量均升高,10μg·m L-1MC-LR染毒组线粒体膜电位降低;与10μg·m L-1MC-LR组相比,10μg·m L-1MCLR+50μmol·L-1Z-VAD-FMK组细胞凋亡率明显降低,Caspase-3和Caspase-9相对表达量降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。且随着MC-LR染毒浓度的升高或染毒时间的延长,16HBE细胞凋亡率和Caspase-3、Caspase-9相对表达量呈升高趋势。研究表明,MC-LR可以通过线粒体Caspase依赖性途径诱导16HBE细胞凋亡。     

南充市大气PM10与PM2.5排放清单及特征

以四川省南充市为研究区域,通过实地调研、现场测试及结合统计年鉴等获得数据,采用排放因子法计算南充市2014年大气PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)排放量并建立排放清单。结果表明,南充市2014年扬尘源、移动源、生物质燃烧源、化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源排放总量PM_(10)分别为85 187、1 777、9 175、2 417、3 519 t,PM_(2.5)分别为16 093、1 619、7 322、914、1 585 t,PM_(10)贡献率分别为83.5%、1.7%、9.0%、2.4%、3.4%,PM_(2.5)贡献率分别为58.4%、5.9%、26.6%、3.3%、5.8%。城市区域扬尘源、生物质燃烧源、移动源、化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源对PM_(10)贡献分别为60.0%、12.5%、6.3%、8.6%、12.5%,对PM_(2.5)贡献分别为41.8%、21.6%、14.4%、8.1%、14.1%。南充市2014年大气PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)排放源总量和贡献率以及区域空间分布特征均存在差异。     

基于生物表面活性剂的柴油微乳体系构建与性能研究

以生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂（RL）为表面活性剂,中长碳链正构醇（正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇、正庚醇及正辛醇）为助表面活性剂,采用滴定法制备RL／柴油／正构醇／水柴油微乳体系,并考察了表面活性剂用量（Km）、助表面活性剂醇的种类及用量（δas）及离子强度对柴油微乳体系最大增溶水量（Wo）的影响,并对不同条件下获得的柴油微乳体系的运动粘度（μ）和表面张力（γ）进行了表征。通过荧光法测得RL在柴油中的临界胶束浓度CMC为7g／L。当生物表面活性剂与柴油的质量比Km为0．02,助表面活性剂选用正庚醇且醇与表面活性剂的质量比δgs为0．1,NaOH溶液质量分数为0．06％时,柴油微乳体系的肛和T较低,形。最大,性能较佳。     

China's Migrant Workers' Social Security

Based on the definition of migrant workers and migrant workers'social security,systems,policies and regulations and status quo of specific safeguard project of social security have been analyzed.Authors draw following conclusions: China's social security systems of migrant workers show diversification and differentiation trend; national-level policies take on diversification and local-level regulations take on differentiation; social welfare and social assistance have deficiency; coverage rate of social insurance items is extremely low.     

Removal of malachite green dye from wastewater by different organic acid-modified natural adsorbent: kinetics,equilibriums, mechanisms,practical application,and disposal of dye-loaded adsorbent

Natural adsorbent (Cinnamomum camphora sawdust) modified by organic acid (oxalic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid) was investigated as a potential adsorbent for the removal of hazardous malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous media in a batch process. The extent of MG adsorption onto modified sawdust increased with increasing organic acid concentrations, pH, contact time, and temperature but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage and ionic strength. Kinetic study indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could best describe the adsorption kinetics of MG. Equilibrium data were found to fit well with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the three kinds of organic acid-modified sawdust was 280.3, 222.8, and 157.5 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption of MG was an endothermic process. The adsorption mechanism, the application of adsorbents in practical wastewater, the prediction of single-stage batch adsorption system, and the disposal of depleted adsorbents were also discussed.     

Co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and biomass for stabilizing heavy metals and reducing biochar toxicity: A review

The huge amounts of sewage sludge produced by municipal wastewater treatment plants induce major environmental and economical issues, calling for advanced disposal methods. Traditional methods for sewage sludge disposal increase greenhouse gas emissions and pollution. Moreover, biochar created from sewage sludge often cannot be used directly in soil applications due to elevated levels of heavy metals and other toxic compounds, which alter soil biota and earthworms. This has limited the application of sewage sludge-derived biochar as a fertilizer. Here, we review biomass and sewage sludge co-pyrolysis with a focus on the stabilization of heavy metals and toxicity reduction of the sludge-derived biochar. We observed that co-pyrolyzing sewage sludge with biomass materials reduced heavy metal concentrations and decreased the environmental risk of sludge-derived biochar by up to 93%. Biochar produced from sewage sludge and biomass co-pyrolysis could enhance the reproduction stimulation of soil biota by 20‒98%. Heavy metals immobilization and transformation are controlled by the co-feed material mixing ratio, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis atmosphere.